how many case studies for a level geography

A Level Geography: Case Studies and Exam Tips

how many case studies for a level geography

A-Level Geography is a challenging and rewarding subject that explores the dynamic relationships between people and their environments. The curriculum often includes the study of case studies to illustrate key concepts and geographical theories. In this article, we'll delve into the importance of case studies in A-Level Geography and provide exam tips to help you excel in this subject.

 The Significance of Case Studies in A-Level Geography

Case studies are essential in A-Level Geography for several reasons:

1. Illustrating Concepts: 

Case studies provide real-world examples that illustrate the geographical concepts and theories covered in the curriculum. They make abstract ideas tangible and relatable.

2. Application of Knowledge: 

Case studies offer opportunities for students to apply their geographical knowledge and analytical skills to specific situations. This application enhances understanding.

3. Contextual Learning: 

Case studies allow students to explore the complex and dynamic interactions between people and their environments in specific contexts. This contextual understanding is at the heart of geography.

4. Exam Requirement: 

In A-Level Geography exams, you are often required to use case studies to support your arguments and analysis. Having a repertoire of case studies at your disposal is crucial for success.

 Selecting and Using Case Studies

Here's how to select and effectively use case studies in your A-Level Geography studies and exams:

1. Diverse Selection: 

Choose a range of case studies that cover different geographical contexts, themes, and issues. This diversity will prepare you for various exam questions.

2. Local and Global: 

Include both local and global case studies. Local examples may provide opportunities for fieldwork, while global case studies allow you to explore international perspectives.

3. Relevance to the Curriculum: 

Ensure that your case studies align with the topics and themes covered in your A-Level Geography course. They should be relevant to your exam syllabus.

4. In-Depth Understanding: 

Study your selected case studies in-depth. Familiarize yourself with the geographical context, key facts, statistics, and relevant theories and concepts.

5. Interdisciplinary Approach: 

Recognize that geography often intersects with other subjects like environmental science, economics, and sociology. Explore how these interdisciplinary aspects come into play in your case studies.

6. Regular Review: 

Periodically review and update your case studies to ensure you have the most recent data and information. Geography is a dynamic field, and changes can occur over time.

 Exam Tips for A-Level Geography

Here are some tips to help you succeed in your A-Level Geography exams:

1. Practice Essay Writing: 

Geography exams often require essay-style responses. Practice writing coherent and well-structured essays that incorporate case studies effectively.

2. Master Map Skills: 

Geography exams may include map interpretation and analysis. Develop your map-reading skills to excel in this section.

3. Use Case Studies Wisely: 

When using case studies in your exam, ensure they are relevant to the question and directly support your argument. Avoid including irrelevant details.

4. Time Management: 

Manage your time wisely during the exam. Allocate specific time slots for each section or question and stick to the schedule.

5. Understand Command Terms: 

Be familiar with the command terms used in geography questions, such as "explain," "discuss," and "evaluate." Tailor your responses accordingly.

6. Practice Past Papers: 

Work through past exam papers to get a sense of the format and types of questions that may appear in your A-Level Geography exams.

7. Seek Feedback: 

If possible, ask your teacher or a peer to review your practice essays and provide feedback. Constructive feedback can help you refine your writing and analysis skills.

8. Stay Informed: 

Keep up with current geographical events and developments. This knowledge can be invaluable in your essays and discussions.

 Conclusion

A-Level Geography is a subject that bridges the gap between the natural and social sciences, offering a comprehensive view of the world. Case studies are pivotal in this field, providing practical examples that support your learning and exam performance. By selecting diverse and relevant case studies, studying them thoroughly, and practicing effective essay writing and map skills, you can navigate A-Level Geography with confidence and success.

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A Level Geography Case Studies: contemporary examples

Give strength to your answers with case studies.

Case Studies are an important part of A Level Geography, as they help to exemplify your answers and show your application of geographical theory into real-world examples. Expand your knowledge and examples with Study Geography.

A Level Geography Case Studies

Why should I use A Level Geography Case Studies?

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Utilising contemporary examples in an essay demonstrates thorough knowledge and gets higher marks.

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You can download our case studies as PDF, so you can add them to your notes and folders.

If you’re an A Level Geography student, you know how important it is to have a deep understanding of natural and human events in order to unlock higher marks. That’s where our A Level Geography case studies come in – providing you with the in-depth insights and examples that help you develop your answers.

Our A Level Geography case studies cover a wide range of topics, from coasts to changing places, and are designed to help you develop a clear understanding of examples of geography in action. We provide detailed analysis, key facts, and applications to theory to help you deepen your understanding and retain critical information.

Plus, with our easy-to-navigate platform, you can access all of our case studies whenever and wherever you need them, whether you’re studying at home or on-the-go. They’re available within our Course resources, and can be easily found within their respective topics.

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Case Studies

In order to get a decent mark in Geography you need to use case studies and examples in your answers. If you don’t include them, you can’t get high marks. Even if a question doesn’t ask for an example, throw one in your answer, just to be safe. For many landforms, you don’t need to name a specific example, just an area where you can find these landforms. For example, naming a specific pothole would be a bit silly, but naming an area where you can find them is quite sensible.

  • Flooding in a MEDC (Boscastle 2004)
  • Flooding in a LEDC (Bihar 2008)
  • Hard engineering project (The Three Gorges Dam, China)
  • Soft engineering project (Restoring the River Cole)
  • Potholes: The Strid on the River Wharfe (Yorkshire, UK)
  • Waterfall: Pecca Falls (Ingelton, Yorkshire)
  • Braided Channel: The Tagliamento (Italy)
  • Levees: Along the Mississippi River (USA)
  • Oxbow Lake: Found throughout Cuckmere Haven (Sussex, UK)
  • Bird’s Foot Delta: The Mississippi Delta (USA)
  • Cuspate Delta: Niger Delta (Nigeria)
  • Arcuate Delta: Nile Delta (Egypt)
  • River Terraces: Along the River Isis 1 (Oxford, UK)
  • An example of cliff collapse and the effects of the collapse on the people living there (Barton-on-Sea)
  • Hard Engineering Project (New Brighton)
  • Soft Engineering Project (Thursaston)
  • An example of coastal flooding due to either sea level rise or a natural disaster (Tōhoku Tsunami, Japan)
  • Headland & Bay: Swanage Bay (South East Dorset, UK)
  • Wave Cut Notches & Platforms: Around Hilbre Island (North West England)
  • Arches, Stacks, Stumps & Geos: Again, all around Hilbre Island (North West England)
  • Spit: Spurn Head (East Yorkshire, UK)
  • Bar: Slapton Ley (Devon, UK)
  • Tombolo: Chesil Beach (Isle of Portland, UK)
  • Halosere/Salt Marsh: Parkgate (Wirral, UK)
  • Psammosere/Sand Dune: Formby Beach (Sefton, UK)
  • Rias: Lim Bay (Croatia)
  • Fjord: Geirangerfjord 2 (Norway)
  • Dalmatian Coastline: Dalmatian Coast (Croatia)
  • The River Isis is actually the Thames. ↩
  • Trust me, very few of these are easy to spell. Magdalenafjord, Tysfjord , Hardangerfjord , Eyjafjörður . ↩

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Getting the best case studies for Geography

It can be a bit overwhelming when it comes to case studies and it’s all too easy to bury your head in the sand and go with the ones in the textbook. This guide will help you develop quality case studies in no time at all.

Step 1: Check the syllabus

“Which topics do I need case studies for?” “How many do I need?” “What kind of information do I need?” Don’t panic! The syllabus/specification answers all of these questions. Make a list of what you need and move on to the next step.

Step 2: Use Key Materials

Before you start wildly Googling Colombian micro-climates, take a step back. Go on to the exam board website and have a browse through  practice exam papers, mark schemes, exemplar answers and examiners’ reports. Practice papers and mark schemes will show you which type of questions require case studies, and what type of information you should be looking for. They’ll also help you to identify those dreaded ‘curveball’ questions everyone talks about after the exam. The examiners’ reports for geography are brilliant. They explicitly tell you which case studies top students used and how they applied the information to answer each question.

Step 3: Brainstorm

This step will save you heaps of time in the long run. Although the syllabus lays out everything you need to know, it’s not all that detailed. For example, the AQA syllabus states: Two case studies of recent (ideally within the last 30 years) seismic events should be undertaken from contrasting areas of the world. In each case, the following should be examined:

  • the nature of the seismic hazard;
  • the impact of the event;
  • management of the hazard and responses to the event.

So what you’d do here is take those three bullet points and expand on them. Mark schemes will give you a rough idea of what the examiners are looking for. Break the bullet points down and create a mindmap (like the one below) or write a list. You now know, point by point, exactly what to search for.

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Step 4: Use your Textbooks/Revision Guides

This is just a starting point. If you decide to go with a case study that’s in a textbook or revision guide, that’s ok. But be aware that even the 5-page-long case studies in textbooks won’t contain information on all those points you wrote down. Not only that, but pretty much every other student in the country is going to be using that exact case study. Boring! You need to make sure you can stand out from the crowd.

Step 5: Research

This is the big one. Where possible, find case studies so recent that they can’t be in the textbook. It takes the same amount of time to compile a recent and interesting case study as it does to copy one out of the textbook. It’s also a lot less boring and will get you a ton of marks!

Google is your best friend here. Try and get information from reputable sources (in other words, Wikipedia’s a no go). Find news articles and government websites for facts and figures, and take a look at Google Scholar for opinions; Google Scholar is exactly what you’d think it is – Google for Scholars. Search for ‘scholar’ on Google, then tap in some key words and you’ll find some golden material for your case studies: Quotes from experts.

Work through your mindmap or list in order. When you find information on one of the points, take some notes and tick it off.

Step 6: Go A Little Bit Further

Make sure you have a few smaller case studies in addition to your main ones. I’m not saying you’ll need 20 case studies per topic. Just have a few little facts and examples in your arsenal that you could use to compare and contrast with your main case studies in an essay question. It shows the examiner that you’ve gone the extra mile and have a deeper understanding of the subject.

When you’ve finished, you’ll have a set of totally unique case studies and enough information to ensure that no question catches you off guard.

Step 7: Memorise

Remember that mindmap from earlier? That’s your structure. Add the facts, figures and quotes as new branches and you’re half way there. Give it to one of your mates and talk them through it whilst drawing your mindmap on a whiteboard. You’ll have it memorised in no time.

how many case studies for a level geography

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Top 5 Revision Tips for A-Level Geography

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1. Summarise your A-level Geography case studies

For every topic in A-level Geography, there are relevant case studies you should have condensed notes for. You want to have good, detailed notes that you can revise regarding your case studies that cover key facts. This could be in the form of notes or flashcards something whatever works best for you. Mind maps can also be helpful, particularly using a colour code for different factors. Sticking it up on a wall in your room can be useful so you can look at it frequently to help you memorise the case study. Watching videos or films on your case studies can help give you greater insight. Try to find case studies that you find interesting as they stick in your mind more.

2. Have a A-level Geography revision timetable

It can be tricky when you’re studying several A-levels knowing how to manage your time, however, you do want to dedicate a few hours a day to cover A-level geography. The best way to do this is with a timetable. You also want to write on your timetable the specific topic that you want to cover in the time you have allocated towards revising A-level Geography for example, you will spend one hour on Tuesday focusing on Globalisation.

Try to have a method of recording which topics you have already covered so you ensure that you cover all your topics before your exams and have time to go back over the topics you struggle with. Be flexible with your timetable, if you know you find a particular topic challenging allocate a few extra slots to going over it. Don’t forget to include breaks in your timetable so you have time to soak in all the knowledge you’ve learned.

3. Read geography focused newspapers and magazines

It’s not enough to just cover the information that is given to you in your A-level Geography textbooks. It’s important to read outside of your textbooks information that you can use in your exams. Good sources that you can refer to are National Geographic, articles in the Times newspaper or ScienceDaily. After reading an article you want to summarise the key points of the article, what you’ve learned from it, and the relevant topics that it relates to. Aim to do this immediately after reading the article whilst it is still fresh in your mind. Don’t leave it till exams when you have lots of other topics to cover. Doing this for each topic means that by the time it comes to exams you will have created a great resource for yourself to incorporate into your essays to get greater marks.

4. Have a personal keywords index

In A-level Geography there are many words was that you’re going to come across as you cover different topics. You want to make sure that you know what these keywords mean and know how to use them. It can be helpful to have your own personal keywords index where you write down a topic and the keywords that come under that topic with their definition. This will help familiarise you with the keywords so you know when they are appropriate to be used during your exam. This will show that you really know your stuff and impress the examiner.

5. Practice A-level Geography past papers

Past papers are one of your most valuable resources. Practice under timed conditions at home and mark your answers, trying to be strict and stick to the mark scheme. Alternatively, you could try asking your teacher if they would mind marking an essay you’ve written at home. Try to study the mark scheme and see what points gain you extra marks. Questions in A-level Geography papers often involve maps and diagrams and you want to show that you can engage with these plus use them within your answers. Practicing past papers will make you more comfortable with doing this.

Try reading through for examiners’ reports which are breakdowns written by the examiners of how students did during the exam. They also cover what the examiners were looking for in different answers and things students often forget. These can be very helpful because it means you start thinking as an examiner and you know what they’re looking for. This means that as you write your answers, you’re able to include the things that you know that the examiner is looking for.

A-Level Geography is a UK-based advanced level qualification for students who have completed a course in geography at the A-Level.

Creating a study schedule can help you to manage your time effectively and ensure that you cover all the necessary material before the exam. This can reduce stress and anxiety and help you to feel more confident in your abilities.

Active learning techniques for A-Level Geography revision can include creating mind maps, using flashcards, summarizing information in your own words, teaching others, and participating in study groups.

Practicing past papers is important for A-Level Geography revision because it familiarizes you with the format and types of questions that may be asked in the exam. This can help you to feel more confident and prepared on exam day.

Understanding key concepts in A-Level Geography revision is important because it enables you to develop a deeper understanding of the subject, which can help you to answer exam questions more effectively and confidently.

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Life More Extraordinary with Lucy Parsons

A-Level Geography: 5 things successful students do

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Studying A-Level Geography is truly fascinating. However, it's a very content-heavy subject with a lot of case study material to remember , which can overwhelm some students.  

I interviewed David Rendle, a former Geography teacher with 25 years of experience and an A-Level examiner, to get some insight into how A-Level Geography students can set themselves up for success. 

Read on to find out what David says are the 5 things successful A-Level Geography students do – and how you can do them too. 

You can also listen to the full conversation using the podcast player above or listen on The School Success Formula podcast on Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.

1. They manage their time well in A-Level Geography exams

Students who do well in exams use their time wisely . Here's how you can manage your time in Geography exams:

  • Practise exam questions throughout the year under timed conditions . 

This helps to develop a concise and accurate writing style. It also develops writing stamina that you need to successfully complete your exam paper. 

  • Work out the number of marks per minute that the exam paper offers, then allocate the appropriate amount of time for each question. 

Working out how much time you should spend on each question beforehand can be key to managing your time in the exam. And, if you don’t manage to finish a question in the allotted time, don't be tempted to carry on writing. Leave space and come back to it once you’ve finished the rest of the paper. 

  • Don't spend too much time on the low tariff questions.  

Examiners' comments have highlighted that successful A-Level Geography students don’t waste time on low tariff questions. Don’t use any more time than you allocate the question based on how many marks it’s worth.

If you know your stuff, you can quite often whizz through the low tariff questions quickly. You might even be able to spend less time on them than the number of marks per minute suggests. This will mean you have more time to spend on the higher tariff questions. 

Of course, this advice works for managing time in exams for other subjects as well, not just  A-Level Geography. 

2. They write excellent A-Level Geography  essays

Writing excellent essays means that you’re able to demonstrate to the examiner that you have good subject knowledge and you’re able to apply it critically to your case studies. 

Here are three  ways you can improve your essays in an A-Level Geography exam:

Be really clear about what the question is asking of you

You need to understand what the examiner means when they use commands like: 

  • To what extent do you agree?
  • Assess the relative importance of…

David recommends making quick essay plans as part of your A-Level Geography revision. For example, you might write the title and create a two-column table, then jot down the points for one side of the argument in one column and the points for the other side of the argument in the other column. 

By doing this over and over for a number of essay titles, you’ll get an understanding of what each command is asking of you. 

David will be talking about this revision method in more detail in the How to Revise A-Level Geography masterclass, which you can sign up for here: How to Revise A-Level Geography Masterclass

Cherry-pick relevant parts of the case study to support your argument

Successful Geography students understand that they don’t need to write everything they’ve learned about a particular case study. Instead, they carefully select the bits of the case study that support their argument. 

Understand what the examiner is looking for

Examiners want to give you the marks. What you’ve got to do is make their life easy and show them exactly what they want to see.

A great way of doing this is to look at examiners' commentaries on candidates' answers and learn from what they’ve liked and what they’ve disliked about other students’ responses.

You can also practice planning and writing essays using the mark schemes from A-Level Geography past papers and get feedback from your teachers. This is an invaluable revision technique that’s covered in the Power Hour, which you can find out more about in this Power Hour blog post . There are also more in-depth resources about the Power Hour in The Extraordinaries Club .

David will be going into more depth about this in the masterclass . He’ll show you how you can really get into the mindset of the examiner and where marks are earned and lost.

3. They focus on what's important in the case studies

I remember learning case studies when I was at school studying Geography. I tried to learn every stat, every fact and every figure, and I spent way too much time on that. In the end, I was quite disappointed when I finished the exam because I hadn't been able to use all the information. 

Many A-Level Geography students have the exact same issue and find it very frustrating. 

How can you distil the vast amount of case study information into something more manageable?

The amount of case study material in the standard textbook is often quite a daunting, with lots of statistics and information to assimilate. Instead of memorising the whole thing, condense it into the information you need to write a top-grade answer. David’s advice is to get the key points of the case study onto one side of A4 paper – no more than one side and not using really small writing. 

Again, David will be going into this more in the masterclass . He’ll be offering some examples of templates that you can use to get down the key points you really need to know from the case studies.

Making case studies relevant to you

Another problem that students sometimes find is that the case studies are about places they’ve never been to before. It can be quite hard to visualise what the environment is like if you've never seen it for yourself.

You don’t need to book a flight and visit the area in person to make it meaningful though. Using Google Maps and Google Earth , you can figuratively fly to the exact location of the case study. Have a look at it from above, then use Street View to look around at ground level as well. This virtual field trip can help you become a bit more familiar with the location of the case study – and therefore make the details easier to remember as well. 

One of David’s previous tutees even created her own case study material from her own experience in her local area and her travels. These were much more relevant and interesting to her than the textbook case studies because she’d seen these places for herself. 

However, if you do create your own case studies, make sure they’re factual and not made up. The examiners are professional Geographers and will be interested enough to look something up if they’re not sure about it. 

4. They use A-Level Geography exam resources wisely

As David puts it, the examiner isn’t interested in wasting ink. Everything they put on the paper is meant to be useful to the student taking the exam.

When you see a command like ‘study figure four’ in an exam question,  don't just glance at figure four – interrogate it. 

Try and get every last bit of information from any resource you’re given. If it's a map, look for the north arrow, the scale and the key. Interpret every single item on that key.

It’s amazing how many marks you can earn just from extracting information from the resource in front of you. 

You can use the resources to spark ideas too. Sometimes just spending a moment to really interrogate the resource can get you thinking. It can enable you to make connections that will help you answer the current question. It might even give you clues that will help you answer other questions in the exam paper. 

It’s also important that you don't panic when faced with a resource in an exam, even if it’s nothing like anything you’ve seen before. The A-Level Geography curriculum teaches higher-order thinking skills ; using the resources in exams is about applying the knowledge you’ve learned in the classroom to real-life matters. 

Spend some time really looking at the resource carefully and pulling out every single detail. By doing that, you’ll be able to make connections with the theory that you learned in class. 

5. They're real-world Geographers

Being a real-world Geographer means being aware of all the links and connections between different aspects of Geography in the real-world.

In examiners speak, it's called synopticity and it’s embedded in the assessment objectives across all the A-Level exam boards for Geography. 

Everything is related and interconnected. One set of factors cause another set of processes, and then those processes trigger something else, and so on. You can see a great example of this in the YouTube video, How Wolves Change Rivers . 

Whether you’ve travelled a lot or not, you can find connections between what you're learning in class and places that are real to you. You can make geographical connections with current events as well too; almost every news story has some element of Geography to it. Making these synoptic connections can help solidify your understanding and really bring your subject knowledge to life. 

Do you want more help with A-Level Geography revision? 

If you’d like to find out more about how you can become a successful A-Level Geography student, sign up for the How to Revise A-Level Geography Masterclass that David is running on Thursday 18th November 2021 at 7.00 pm.

In the masterclass, you’ll discover:

  • A useful revision prioritisation technique so that you focus on the areas which will earn you the most marks
  • How to cut down the volume of case study detail making it easier to remember
  • Quick essay planning techniques
  • Examples of excellent geography writing to emulate
  • Common mistakes examiners see and how to avoid them
  • Exam skills so that you answer the questions in front of you in the time you have available
  • And lots more…

Click here to find out more about the masterclass and sign up. 

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how many case studies for a level geography

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A-level Geography

  • Specification
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  • Introduction
  • Specification at a glance
  • 3.1 Physical geography
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 Case studies

3.1.5.7 Case studies

Case study of a multi-hazardous environment beyond the UK to illustrate and analyse the nature of the hazards and the social, economic and environmental risks presented, and how human qualities and responses such as resilience, adaptation, mitigation and management contribute to its continuing human occupation.

Case study at a local scale of a specified place in a hazardous setting to illustrate the physical nature of the hazard and analyse how the economic, social and political character of its community reflects the presence and impacts of the hazard and the community’s response to the risk.

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  • Published by: Tutor City
  • December 09, 2020

8 Tips to Revise A-level Geography Case Studies

Geography is a fascinating subject as it gives you an opportunity to see how a particular place was formed and how it has changed throughout the years.

However, as enjoyable as it may be to study geography, the prospect of the upcoming A-level geography exam is still daunting to the vast majority of students.

Geography is included in Singapore's A-level exams so if you are uncertain about your capabilities and do not have the confidence to study by yourself the best course of action may be to seek help from a geography tutor . The tutor's insight and guidance may be especially beneficial when you are asked to do a case study.

Alternatively, you can try the steps listed below to revise your A-level geography case studies .

  • Fully understanding the case study is the key to success.

The first and crucial step to acing your geography exam is fully understanding the case study. You need to have a crystal clear model in your mind of how it works. This model includes a mental map i.e. how it is laid out in space, the people who were involved, and the context (whether it is political, historical, social, environmental, or economic).

Follow these steps to comprehend your case study better. First and foremost, you need to have seen the map of the place. Nowadays with the existence of Google maps , this has never been easier to accomplish. Pay attention to both the 2D and 3D landscape of the case study.

In order to gain some background information try to find some newspaper articles containing pictures of the place. There may also be some videos that can help you. YouTube is your friend in this case so don’t shy away from it and use it to your advantage.

Alternatively, if the place is accessible to you then you can visit it and see it with your own two eyes.

  • Condense the notes.

After you have thoroughly understood what you are dealing with the next step is condensing your notes. Follow these tips to learn how to do this.

Firstly, you can create the A3 annotated map of the area. Color coding various social, economic, political, and environmental factors is another great idea. Display your map on the wall in the place in your house where you can glance at it frequently.

Another great idea is to create a table of contents. Divide your table into several sections with the environmental, political, economic, and other factors on one side and causes and effects on the other.

Also, you can create index cards . The index cards will help you separate the given information into smaller, much more manageable chunks and the kinesthetic nature of the cards will help you memorize the information better. Color coding your index cards will also bring you one step closer to your goal.

And, last but not least, you cannot go wrong with traditional revision notes. The main thing here is to not be intimidated by the large collection of notes you will have to memorize.

  • The best memorization techniques.

Now that you have all your notes condensed and ready to go there’s nothing left to do but memorizing them. Some of the best memorization techniques are: repetition and using the information in various formats.

Here’s how you can do that. Read an index card out loud, immediately cover it and try to repeat the information you have just read.

Get your friends involved! Give them your index cards and allow them to test you . Get up and walk around the room while you do this, use your body language, act it out. You can also make up songs or rhymes, or come up with other unique techniques that work best for you.

  • Teaching somebody else about the case study.

If you teach somebody else something about the topic this is the sign that you have understood this topic fully. So in order to check whether you have understood the information try to teach one of your friends something about the case study. And encourage them to ask you additional questions at the end of your teaching session.

  • Do past papers; practice makes perfect!

I cannot emphasize enough how beneficial it is to do past papers in any scenario where you’re trying to prepare for an exam. After you have done a past paper make sure to mark your work and pay attention to any mistakes you may have made.

This will help you get into the mind of your potential examiner and see the things from their point of view which will, in turn, help you understand why you have made that mistake and hopefully avoid it in the future. Doing past papers and marking yourself gives you insight into what exactly is expected of you at the exam.

  • Exchange tips with other students.

Hundreds of thousands of students take their A-level exams each year all over the world. So there are many people who are in the same boat as you (or who have been there before) and now thanks to the Internet you can exchange tips on how to prepare better for the exams.

Just a brief Google search will land you on a student forum where students who are facing the same problem as you are discussing the best ways to prepare for their A-level geography case studies.

You may learn about the revision techniques that you have never heard of before and pick up some other useful tips and tricks.

For instance, some students write that they cover their bedroom walls in plain paper and scribble across it. This is just like making notes in the notebook but the difference is that every time you walk into your bedroom you have to look at that wall and thus you look at the figures you wrote (which helps you memorize them).

  • Broaden your knowledge of geography with magazines and newspapers.

I know that in the age of the Internet getting information from old-fashioned paper magazines and newspapers seems a bit... well old-fashioned, but some of them may contain information that is not available on the Internet and, in general, the words and pictures printed on paper tend to be more trustworthy than the ones you look up on the Internet. Academic books might add rigor to your A-level geography studies.

If you wish to expand your knowledge even further you may try reading books that weren’t specifically designed for your geography course. School subjects do not exhaust all of the information that exists about a particular topic. So in order to fill in the gaps, you might need to venture outside of your predetermined school curriculum and try to find additional information from credible sources, such as  https://www.alevelgeography.com/

  • You can find detailed case studies online.

Modern technology is truly a great facilitator of the learning process. If you go online you can find detailed case studies for the A-level geography exam done up by other people. By having a close look at these case studies you can see the examples of how it needs to be done. Now, of course, you will not be able to copy these particular case studies word for word but, hopefully, if you pay close attention you will be able to learn important lessons which you can then apply to your own case study.

Whilst revising do not forget to take care of yourself.

Preparing for the exams can be particularly taxing for your physical as well as mental health so it is crucial to practice self-care while you are revising for your geography A-level exam (or any exam for that matter). Do not forget to eat well, sleep an appropriate number of hours, and occasionally do things that you enjoy to take your mind off the stressful topic of exams.

If you keep pushing yourself beyond your limits you run the risk of burning out and this type of extreme regime may actually be detrimental to your goal. It is important to strike the right balance between rigorous revision and occasionally having a break. After all your health is the most important thing.

In conclusion, there are many different ways to revise your level geography case studies. If you are unsure where to start follow the tips given above; once you gain a bit of confidence and figure out which method works the best for you then you can formulate a combination of specific methods that are most beneficial to you.

Alternatively, you can hire a tutor in Singapore who will guide you through the entire process.

They will give you some valuable insight and it is always beneficial to have another person in the room who can objectively assess you. Your geography tutor will show you the bits you may have missed and tell you if there is anything you need to pay particular attention to. They will also be able to provide you with all important historical perspectives and show you how geography changed throughout the years.  

how many case studies for a level geography

Tutor City's blog focuses on balancing informative and relevant content, never at the expense of providing an enriching read.  We want our readers to expand their horizons by learning more and find meaning to what they learn. Resident author - Mr Wee Ben Sen, has a wealth of experience in crafting articles to provide valuable insights in the field of private education. Ben Sen has also been running Tutor City, a leading home tuition agency in Singapore since 2010.

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Internet Geography

Eyjafjallajokull Case Study

What is eyjafjallajokull.

Eyjafjallajokull is a volcano located in Iceland. The name is a description of the volcano with Eyja meaning island; fjalla meaning mountain; and jokull meaning glacier. You can find out how to pronounce Eyjafjallajokull on the BBC website .

Eyjafjallajökull consists of a volcano completely covered by an ice cap. The ice cap covers an area of about 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi), feeding many outlet glaciers.

Eyjafjallajökull

What type of volcano is Eyjafjallajokull?

The mountain itself, a composite (stratovolcano) volcano, stands 1,651 metres (5,417 ft) at its highest point and has a crater 3–4 kilometres (1.9–2.5 mi) in diameter, open to the north.

When did Eyjafjallajokull erupt?

Eyjafjallajokull erupted between March to May 2010.

Why did Eyjafjallajokull erupt?

Iceland lies on the Mid Atlantic Ridge, a constructive plate margin separating the North American Plate and the Eurasian plate. The two plates are moving apart due to ridge push along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. As the plates move apart, magma fills the magma chamber below Eyjafjallajokull. Several magma chambers combined to produce a significant volume of magma below the volcano. Eyjafjallajokull is located below a glacier.

The Eyjafjallajökull volcano erupted in 920, 1612 and again from 1821 to 1823 when it caused a glacial lake outburst flood (or jökulhlaup). It erupted three times in 2010—on 20 March, April–May, and June. The March event forced a brief evacuation of around 500 local people. Still, the 14 April eruption was ten to twenty times more powerful and caused substantial disruption to air traffic across Europe. It caused the cancellation of thousands of flights across Europe and to Iceland.

How big was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?

The eruption was only three on the volcanic explosivity index (VEI). Around 15 eruptions on this scale usually happen each year in Iceland. However, in this case, a combination of a settled weather pattern with winds blowing towards Europe, very fine ash and a persistent eruption lasting 39 days magnified the impact of a relatively ordinary event. The eruptions in March were mainly lava eruptions. On 14 April, a new phase began, which was much more explosive. Violent eruptions belched huge quantities of ash into the atmosphere.

The eruption of Eyjafjallajokull

The eruption of Eyjafjallajokull

What were the impacts of the eruption? (social / economic / environmental – primary and secondary effects)

Primary effects : As the result of the eruption, day turned to night, with the ash blocking out the sun. Rescuers wore face masks to prevent them from choking on the clouds of ash.

Homes and roads were damaged and services disrupted, crops were destroyed by ash and roads washed away. The ash cloud brought European airspace to a standstill during the latter half of April 2010 and cost billions of euros in delays. During the eruption, a no-fly zone was imposed across much of Europe, that meant airlines were losing around £130m per day. The price of shares in major airlines dropped between 2.5-3.3% during the eruption. However, it should be noted that both imports and exports are being impacted across countries in Europe on the trade front, so the net trade position was not affected markedly overall.

Secondary effects : Sporting events were cancelled or affected due to cancelled flights. Fresh food imports stopped, and industries were affected by a lack of imported raw materials. Local water supplies were contaminated with fluoride. Flooding was caused as the glacier melted.

International Effects: The impact was felt as far afield as Kenya, where farmers have laid off 5000 workers after flowers and vegetables were left rotting at airports. Kenya’s flower council says the country lost $1.3m a day in lost shipments to Europe. Kenya exports typically up to 500 tonnes of flowers daily – 97% of which is delivered to Europe. Horticulture earned Kenya 71 billion shillings (£594m) in 2009 and is the country’s top foreign exchange earner. You can read more about this on the Guardian website .

What opportunities did the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull bring?

Despite the problems caused by the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, the eruption brought several benefits. According to the Environmental Transport Association, the  grounding of European flights prevented some 2.8 million tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere (according to the Environmental Transport Association).

As passengers looked for other ways to travel than flying, many different transport companies benefited. There was a considerable increase in passenger numbers on Eurostar. It saw a rise of nearly a third, with 50,000 extra passengers travelling on their trains.

Ash from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano deposited dissolved iron into the North Atlantic, triggering a plankton bloom, driving an increase in biological productivity.

Following the negative publicity of the eruption, the Icelandic government launched a campaign to promote tourism . Inspired by Iceland was established with the strategic intent of depicting the country’s beauty, the friendliness of its people and the fact that it was very much open for business. As a result, tourist numbers increased significantly following the campaign, as shown in the graph below.

Foreign visitor arrivals to Iceland

Foreign visitor arrivals to Iceland

What was done to reduce the impact of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?

In the short term, the area around the volcano was evacuated.

European Red Cross Societies mobilised volunteers, staff and other resources to help people affected directly or indirectly by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull glacier volcano. The European Red Cross provided food for the farming population living in the vicinity of the glacier, as well as counselling and psychosocial support, in particular for traumatised children. Some 700 people were evacuated from the disaster zone three times in the past month. In one instance, people had to flee their homes in the middle of the night to escape from flash floods.

The European Union has developed an integrated structure for air traffic management. As a result, nine Functional Airspace Blocks (FABs) will replace the existing 27 areas. This means following a volcanic eruption in the future, areas of air space may be closed, reducing the risk of closing all European air space.

Eyjafjallajokull Quiz

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A Level Geography

Case Study: How does Japan live with earthquakes?

Japan lies within one of the most tectonically active zones in the world. It experiences over 400 earthquakes every day. The majority of these are not felt by humans and are only detected by instruments. Japan has been hit by a number of high-intensity earthquakes in the past. Since 2000 there are have been 16000 fatalities as the result of tectonic activity.

Japan is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, where the North American, Pacific, Eurasian and Philippine plates come together. Northern Japan is on top of the western tip of the North American plate. Southern Japan sits mostly above the Eurasian plate. This leads to the formation of volcanoes such as Mount Unzen and Mount Fuji. Movements along these plate boundaries also present the risk of tsunamis to the island nation. The Pacific Coastal zone, on the east coast of Japan, is particularly vulnerable as it is very densely populated.

The 2011 Japan Earthquake: Tōhoku

Japan experienced one of its largest seismic events on March 11 2011. A magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred 70km off the coast of the northern island of Honshu where the Pacific and North American plate meet. It is the largest recorded earthquake to hit Japan and is in the top five in the world since records began in 1900. The earthquake lasted for six minutes.

A map to show the location of the 2011 Japan Earthquake

A map to show the location of the 2011 Japan Earthquake

The earthquake had a significant impact on the area. The force of the megathrust earthquake caused the island of Honshu to move east 2.4m. Parts of the Japanese coastline dr[[ed by 60cm. The seabed close to the focus of the earthquake rose by 7m and moved westwards between 40-50m. In addition to this, the earthquake shifted the Earth 10-15cm on its axis.

The earthquake triggered a tsunami which reached heights of 40m when it reached the coast. The tsunami wave reached 10km inland in some places.

What were the social impacts of the Japanese earthquake in 2011?

The tsunami in 2011 claimed the lives of 15,853 people and injured 6023. The majority of the victims were over the age of 60 (66%). 90% of the deaths was caused by drowning. The remaining 10% died as the result of being crushed in buildings or being burnt. 3282 people were reported missing, presumed dead.

Disposing of dead bodies proved to be very challenging because of the destruction to crematoriums, morgues and the power infrastructure. As the result of this many bodies were buried in mass graves to reduce the risk of disease spreading.

Many people were displaced as the result of the tsunami. According to Save the Children 100,000 children were separated from their families. The main reason for this was that children were at school when the earthquake struck. In one elementary school, 74 of 108 students and 10 out of 13 staff lost their lives.

More than 333000 people had to live in temporary accommodation. National Police Agency of Japan figures shows almost 300,000 buildings were destroyed and a further one million damaged, either by the quake, tsunami or resulting fires. Almost 4,000 roads, 78 bridges and 29 railways were also affected. Reconstruction is still taking place today. Some communities have had to be relocated from their original settlements.

What were the economic impacts of the Japanese earthquake in 2011?

The estimated cost of the earthquake, including reconstruction, is £181 billion. Japanese authorities estimate 25 million tonnes of debris were generated in the three worst-affected prefectures (counties). This is significantly more than the amount of debris created during the 2010 Haiti earthquake. 47,700 buildings were destroyed and 143,300 were damaged. 230,000 vehicles were destroyed or damaged. Four ports were destroyed and a further 11 were affected in the northeast of Japan.

There was a significant impact on power supplies in Japan. 4.4 million households and businesses lost electricity. 11 nuclear reactors were shut down when the earthquake occurred. The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant was decommissioned because all six of its reactors were severely damaged. Seawater disabled the plant’s cooling systems which caused the reactor cores to meltdown, leading to the release of radioactivity. Radioactive material continues to be released by the plant and vegetation and soil within the 30km evacuation zone is contaminated. Power cuts continued for several weeks after the earthquake and tsunami. Often, these lasted between 3-4 hours at a time. The earthquake also had a negative impact on the oil industry as two refineries were set on fire during the earthquake.

Transport was also negatively affected by the earthquake. Twenty-three train stations were swept away and others experienced damage. Many road bridges were damaged or destroyed.

Agriculture was affected as salt water contaminated soil and made it impossible to grow crops.

The stock market crashed and had a negative impact on companies such as Sony and Toyota as the cost of the earthquake was realised.  Production was reduced due to power cuts and assembly of goods, such as cars overseas, were affected by the disruption in the supply of parts from Japan.

What were the political impacts of the Japanese earthquake in 2011?

Government debt was increased when it injects billions of yen into the economy. This was at a time when the government were attempting to reduce the national debt.

Several years before the disaster warnings had been made about the poor defences that existed at nuclear power plants in the event of a tsunami. A number of executives at the Fukushima power plant resigned in the aftermath of the disaster. A movement against nuclear power, which Japan heavily relies on, developed following the tsunami.

The disaster at Fukushima added political weight in European countries were anti-nuclear bodies used the event to reinforce their arguments against nuclear power.

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The Holderness Coast is one of Europe’s fastest eroding coastlines. The average annual rate of erosion is around 2 metres per year. The main reason for this is because the bedrock is made up of till (soft clay). This material was deposited by glaciers around 12,000 years ago.

The coastline stretches along the coast of the East Riding of Yorkshire, known as Holderness, from Flamborough Head in the North, to Spurn Head in the south. Since Roman times, the Holderness Coast has retreated 4 km – at least 29 villages have been lost to the sea.

Holderness, figure 1

Why is erosion a problem?

Rates of erosion vary in places due to a mixture of human and physical factors. These can change in short and long term. There are three main reasons why Holderness is retreating:

• Geology (Figure 3)

• Longshore drift and beach material

The Holderness Coastline is made up of soft boulder clays (tills) left after the retreat of the Devensian ice sheets about 12 000 years ago. They can be seen on the coast, being rapidly eroded by the sea. To look at, they are a mass of brown clay containing pieces of rock (erratics) brought here by the glaciers from Scandinavia, Scotland, the Lake District and Northeast England. These soft, recent deposits sit on a platform of chalk which slopes away gently to the east.

Holderness, figure 2

This is how far the waves have travelled. Holderness is exposed to wind and waves from the north-east, with a fetch of 500 to 800 km across the North Sea. This is not that far and would normally cause large waves but other factors increase their size:

• Currents (or swell) move northwards around the UK from the Atlantic and into the North Sea. The Atlantic’s fetch is 5000km so it’s currents add even more energy to the waves. This causes powerful destructive waves.

• Weather systems and winter storms in the North Sea are often intense. The low pressure raises the sea level, producing higher tides than normal and the storms add energy to the waves, especially in storms.

• The sea floor is deep in the North Sea, meaning waves hit the coast relatively fast and are not slowed down by friction.

Longshore Drift and Beach Material

• The beaches here are the main problem. Boulder clay erodes very easily and produces very small, fine clay particles, these are easily transported by longshore drift out to sea and along the coast, rather than accumulating in front of the cliffs, forming a layer of protection from the waves. The beaches are narrow and fail to absorb the wave energy, during high tide there is not enough beach and waves hit the base of the cliffs.

• Tides flow to the south, transporting material along the coast. There is an imbalance as the harder chalk up the coast does not provide enough material for places like Hornsea so backwash removes more than what is deposited by swash.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/clips/z8jfb9q

Why Manage?

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF EROSION:

• Numbers of visitors to areas along of this coastline has dropped.

• Some settlements unable to maintain a viable population to warrant shops.

• Money has to be spent on coastal management and protection.

• The Gas Terminal in Easington, which supplies 25% of Britain’s gas, is at risk.

• 80000m2 of farmland is lost each year, this has a huge effect on farmer’s livelihoods.

• It’s predicted that 200 homes and several roads will fall into the sea by 2100 .

SOCIAL IMPACTS OF EROSION:

• Around 30 villages have been lost since Roman times, meaning homes and businesses have been lost.

• Many of the settlements rely heavily on tourism, as facilities close down the settlements are unable to maintain a good population.

• Properties under threat of erosion lose their value leaving owners with negative equity. There is no financial help to aid people as no compensation is paid out for the loss of private property or land caused by coastal erosion in England.

• The East Riding Coastal Fund has been set up to aid people.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF EROSION:

• Wildlife behind Spurn Point is losing diversity as the environment cannot support many species due to the lack of sediment. Spurn Head is a spit and salt marsh at the southern tip of the coastline.

• Some SSSIs (Sites Of Special Scientific Interest) are threatened by erosion.

Holderness, figure 1

Coastal Management

  • The graph shows erosion rates opposite to their specific locations. Where there are gaps, it means coastal defences are present and working. You can see that there are higher rates of erosion directly south of these defences.
  • This is due to the flow of beach material by longshore drift being stopped by protection methods such as groynes, sea walls and rock armour/rip rap.
  • Hornsea may well be protected but places like Mappleton, directly south are starved of material are eroding at excessive rates, this is called terminal groynes syndrome.

Holderness, figure 1

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COMMENTS

  1. A Level Geography: Case Studies and Exam Tips from AP Guru

    1. Diverse Selection: Choose a range of case studies that cover different geographical contexts, themes, and issues. This diversity will prepare you for various exam questions. 2. Local and Global: Include both local and global case studies.

  2. How many case studies for Geography A-Level?

    Reply 1 2 years ago frankieshep 8 Realistically you won't need to learn every single one, you will need probably at least one for each physical geography topic (and two but not in large detail to compare natural hazards) but for human geography I found I could use the same case study for at least four or five topics.

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    A Level Geography Case Studies: contemporary examples Home » Features » Case Studies Give strength to your answers with case studies Case Studies are an important part of A Level Geography, as they help to exemplify your answers and show your application of geographical theory into real-world examples.

  6. AQA A Level Case Studies

    online topic tests higher education virtual library get in touch... On this page you will find an interactive map with some of the best case studies and examples for A-Level - with fact files, links, further thinking, analysis and much more!

  7. PDF Teaching case studies

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    Case Studies. In order to get a decent mark in Geography you need to use case studies and examples in your answers. If you don't include them, you can't get high marks. Even if a question doesn't ask for an example, throw one in your answer, just to be safe. For many landforms, you don't need to name a specific example, just an area ...

  9. Getting the best case studies for Geography

    Step 1: Check the syllabus "Which topics do I need case studies for?" "How many do I need?" "What kind of information do I need?" Don't panic! The syllabus/specification answers all of these questions. Make a list of what you need and move on to the next step. Step 2: Use Key Materials

  10. Top 5 Revision Tips for A-Level Geography

    Top 5 Revision Tips for A-Level Geography. 1. Summarise your A-level Geography case studies. For every topic in A-level Geography, there are relevant case studies you should have condensed notes for. You want to have good, detailed notes that you can revise regarding your case studies that cover key facts.

  11. A-Level Geography: 5 things successful students do

    Many A-Level Geography students have the exact same issue and find it very frustrating. How can you distil the vast amount of case study information into something more manageable? The amount of case study material in the standard textbook is often quite a daunting, with lots of statistics and information to assimilate. ...

  12. Detailed Case Studies for A Level Geography

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    and many of the roads surrounding the volcano were shut down. - Between March the 3rd and 5th of 2010 there were plenty of warning signs of an eruption - The local population was evacuated for safety and because of respiratory threats due to the ash. - Fresh fish exports, a major local industry, were badly affected with loss of income

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