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How and Why to Write a Great Cover Letter

Student working in career planning guide

A cover letter is a one-page business letter that you submit when applying to a job, along with your resume. As a piece of persuasive writing, your cover letter will aim to convey to the employer why you’re a great candidate for the role.

What is the purpose of a cover letter?

Your cover letter complements your resume by making it easy for the employer to see how your experience and interest connect to the position. Your goal is to convince the employer to interview you.

With your cover letter, you’ll aim to:

  • Highlight your qualifications:  You’ll show how your skills and experience relate to the employer’s needs for a specific position.
  • Showcase your motivation: You’ll demonstrate your enthusiasm for the specific position and the organization.
  • Reflect your voice and written communication skills: You’ll give the employer a sense of your personality and writing style.

When should I write a cover letter?

Not all jobs require cover letters. So, how do you decide whether to submit one?

Submit a Cover Letter when…

  • The posting explicitly requests that you do so
  • You’re applying to an opportunity at a mission-driven organization
  • You think that doing so could provide important information to the employer that they wouldn’t get from your resume

Consider Submitting a Cover Letter when…

  • It’s marked “optional” in an application, and you have the bandwidth to do so
  • You have content that you can easily recycle or repurpose into a tailored cover letter

No Need to Submit a Cover Letter when…

  • A posting specifically tells you not to submit one
  • There’s no way to submit one in an application portal, and doing so would require a serious workaround

If you’re applying to several similar opportunities, creating a draft cover letter in advance, geared toward that type of opportunity, can be a helpful way to save time in your actual application process.

How do I write a cover letter?

Your cover letter should articulate your qualifications and motivation for the position. Read the job description closely and research the organization. As you craft your cover letter, use examples that demonstrate your relevant skills, knowledge, and interests. The cover letter should be concise, clear, and well-organized.

Before Writing

Research the employer.

Learn enough about the organization to articulate why you are a strong fit for that firm. 

  • Review the firm’s website and LinkedIn page.
  • Speak with current or previous employees.
  • Read articles and social media for current news.

Analyze the job description

Look for skills, duties, and qualifications of the job so you can design your letter to match these as much as possible.

Reflect on your experience and motivation

Identify skills and personal qualities you have developed which will be useful in this role. Ask yourself:

  • What attracts you about this role/company/industry?
  • What have you have done in your work experiences, classes, internships, activities, projects, volunteer work, travel, etc., that is similar to the duties required of the job? 

Cover Letter Structure

As a business letter, the cover letter should include:

  • Heading: Include your name and contact information in the same format as your resume
  • Salutation: Address your letter to the specific individual who can hire you, if this is known. If the name is not included in the job description, address the letter to the Hiring Manager or title mentioned in the job description.
  • Body Paragraphs:  Discuss your experiences, interests, and skills to show the employer how you can add value to their team. See the section below for more guidance.
  • Signature Line: Include a closing and your name.

The cover letter should be one page, about three or four paragraphs, and single spaced. Use 10-12 point font and one inch margins. 

When applying online, upload your cover letter as a PDF file, unless another format is specified. When sending your resume and cover letter by email, you may write a short note or paste your cover letter in the body of your email (without the address header) and also attach the PDF file.

Cover Letter Content

Your cover letter should answer who, what, when, where and why you are applying for the opportunity. 

Introduction

State the position for which you are applying. If you have a referral or spoke with someone from the company, you can mention it in the introduction. Provide some basic information about yourself; this can include your class year and what you’re studying at Columbia. Briefly outline why you’re interested in the organization and what you bring in terms of relevant experience and skills. 

Body Paragraphs

These paragraphs will highlight your qualifications and strengths that are most relevant to the organization and position. Use the job posting and your research as clues to determine what the employer is seeking in a candidate. Have your resume beside you and reflect on what you want the employer to know about you. Are there experiences you want to expand upon that demonstrate your understanding of the role and ability to do the job requirements?

Structure the paragraphs based on relevance, not chronology. Lead with your most relevant skill or strongest experience.

Start each body paragraph with a clear topic sentence.  This can highlight a key skill set, a transferable experience, or a core area of knowledge you’ve built through your studies. Walk the reader through a project or experience, integrating the relevant skills you used and qualities you demonstrated. Provide details about your accomplishments and impact. Connect how these experiences have prepared you for this role and why you are motivated to do this job. There is no need to apologize if you feel you lack experience; focus on the accomplishments that you have.

Recap what you would bring to the organization and your interest in the position. Thank the employer for their consideration. Keep your tone positive and enthusiastic. 

Check out our example of how to structure your cover letter content . 

Editing Tips

Use our  Cover Letter Checklist to make sure your format and content is in line with best practices. 

  • Ensure that the content reflects the requirements in the job description
  • Keep the cover letter concise, at one page or less
  • Correct any errors in grammar, sentence structure, and spelling
  • Use the active voice
  • Avoid beginning too many sentences with “I”

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what purpose does a cover letter serve

How to Write a Great Cover Letter and Why Is It Important

The job market is competitive, and standing out becomes the gold standard. But, what is a cover letter and why is it given such importance? Think of it as your professional introduction—a document that accompanies your resume, offering a deeper insight into who you are, your capabilities, and why you are a great fit for a specific position. While your resume focuses on your qualifications and experiences, your cover letter narrates a story, bridging the connection between your professional journey and the company's needs.

What is the Purpose of a Cover Letter

Understanding the purpose of a cover letter can aid you in crafting a compelling one. Here’s a breakdown of the objectives, illustrated with examples:

  • Direct Communication: Addressing your letter directly personalizes your approach. Example: Instead of starting with “To Whom It May Concern,” finding out the hiring manager's name and addressing them directly, such as “Dear Ms. Patterson,” adds a touch of personalization and shows effort on your part.
  • Highlighting Key Points: Use your cover letter to accentuate specific achievements or experiences. Example: If you’re applying for a financial analyst role and recently helped your previous company increase its annual profits by 20% through strategic financial forecasting, mention this.
  • Addressing Concerns: Tackle potential red flags proactively. Example: If you took a two-year break to pursue further studies or personal commitments, your cover letter can read, “After dedicating two years to advanced studies in Financial Management, I’m now eager to apply my new knowledge to a practical setting.”
  • Demonstrating Fit: Go beyond qualifications; show how you resonate with the company’s values and culture. Example: “Having been a long-time admirer of XYZ Company’s commitment to sustainable business practices, I was particularly proud of my role in leading a green initiative at my previous job which reduced paper waste by 40%.”
  • Evidence of Due Diligence: Show you’ve done your research about the company. Example: “Impressed by XYZ Company’s recent expansion into the Asian market and its innovative product launches there, I am enthusiastic about bringing my experience in Asian financial markets to contribute to this exciting phase of growth.”

Remember, the purpose of a cover letter is not just to restate your resume in paragraph form, but to provide context, demonstrate fit, and show the company why you deserve an interview. It's your first opportunity to make a meaningful impression.

How Do You Write a Cover Letter?

Crafting a cover letter is an art, blending your professional narrative with the company's needs. Here’s a deeper exploration of how to go about it, illustrated with dos and don’ts:

Research the Employer First

  • Do: Delve into the company's mission, recent achievements, and even press releases. Example: "Having seen ABC Corp's recent initiative towards sustainable energy, I am excited about the possibility of contributing to such forward-thinking projects."
  • Better Not to Do: Avoid generic statements. 
  • Example: "I am applying for the job at your company because it's a good company."

Focus it on the Future

  • Do: Highlight what you'll bring to the company in the coming months and years.
  • Example: "With my expertise in data analytics, I am confident in my ability to help ABC Corp streamline its operations and enhance profitability in the coming years."
  • Better Not to Do: Solely dwelling on past achievements without connecting them to future actions. 
  • Example: "At my previous job, I handled data analysis."

Analyze the Job Description

  • Do: Mirror the language and key requirements of the job description to show a clear fit.
  • Example: If the job description emphasizes “team collaboration,” your cover letter can mention, "In my previous role, I fostered team collaboration to successfully complete a challenging project ahead of schedule."
  • Better Not to Do: Submitting a generic cover letter that doesn’t cater to the job specifics.
  • Example: "I have been in the industry for several years and have various skills."

Write your Experience and Motivation

  • Do: Intertwine specific experiences with your reasons for applying.
  • Example: "Having spearheaded a successful digital transformation project at XYZ Enterprises, I am motivated to take on larger challenges at ABC Corp, given its reputation for embracing technological innovation."
  • Better Not to Do: Mentioning experiences without context or relevance. 
  • Example: "I have worked at several companies in different roles."

Emphasize Your Personal Value

  • Do: Identify what sets you apart and mention it. 
  • Example: " While many might have the technical skills, my unique blend of tech-savviness coupled with my leadership workshops ensures I approach challenges holistically."
  • Better Not to Do: Being too generic or arrogant. 
  • Example: "I believe I am the best candidate for this job."

Add Your Contact Information

  • Do: Place your updated contact details prominently, ensuring they’re easy to find.
  • Better Not to Do: Burying your contact details within large blocks of text or omitting them altogether.

Back up Your Qualifications with Examples and Numbers

  • Do: Be specific about your achievements. 
  • Example: "My revamped marketing strategies led to a 25% increase in organic website traffic over six months."
  • Better Not to Do: Making vague claims. 
  • Example: "I've done some great things in marketing."

In essence, a cover letter should be your professional story, highlighting experiences, achievements, and your potential value addition, tailored perfectly for the company you're applying to. Make it concise, relatable, and authentic.

Cover Letter Examples

When writing cover letters, examples can serve as guides to illustrate the right and wrong approaches. Below are some examples to consider:

Good Example for a Software Engineer Position:

Dear Ms. Hernandez,

Having been an avid follower of XYZ Tech's innovative approaches to cloud computing and machine learning applications, I am enthusiastic about joining your team as a Software Engineer. With a Bachelor’s in Computer Science from Stanford and four years of experience at ABC Solutions, I spearheaded a project that improved system performance by 20% and reduced code redundancies by 15%.

My proficiency in Python, Java, and cloud technologies, combined with a collaborative mindset, aligns seamlessly with the qualifications sought for this role at XYZ Tech. I am eager to contribute, learn, and further the technological advancements of your esteemed organization.

Best Regards,

Bad Example for a Software Engineer Position:

I’ve done some coding and worked on a couple of projects. I know Java and a bit of Python. I saw you're hiring, so thought I'd apply. My resume has the details. Let me know if you're interested.

Why the Bad Example Doesn't Work:

  • Lack of Professional Tone: Starting with "Hey" and using casual language like "done some coding" can undermine the professionalism expected in a cover letter.
  • Lack of Specifics: Statements like “worked on a couple of projects” do not provide a clear picture of the applicant’s experience or capabilities.
  • Lack of Enthusiasm: The letter does not express genuine interest or understanding of the company’s work, making it hard for the hiring manager to gauge the applicant's commitment.
  • Missing Value Proposition: It fails to mention what unique skills or contributions the applicant can offer to the company.

Remember, the objective of a cover letter is to present a compelling case for why you are the ideal candidate for the position, showing both your technical competencies and enthusiasm for the role and company.

Good Example for a Tech Sales Representative Position:

Dear Mr. Clark,

Upon learning of DEF Tech’s expansion into IoT solutions, I was immediately drawn to the potential of contributing as a Tech Sales Representative. With over three years of sales experience at GHI Electronics, I consistently exceeded quarterly targets by 15%, and played a pivotal role in onboarding 50+ B2B clients, particularly for our AI product line.

My deep understanding of technological products, coupled with an innate ability to connect with clients and understand their needs, positions me as an ideal candidate for this role. I'm excited by the opportunity to harness my skills in service of DEF Tech’s mission and growth.

Kind Regards,

Jordan White

Bad Example for a Tech Sales Representative Position:

I’ve been selling tech stuff for a while. Worked at a company before and had some good months. I think I can sell your products too. I’ve attached my CV, check it out and tell me what you think.

  • Lack of Professionalism: The informal tone ("Hi there", "selling tech stuff", "had some good months", "Later") does not instill confidence or reflect a professional demeanor expected in a sales role.
  • Vagueness: Phrases like "worked at a company" or "had some good months" are not specific and don’t give an insight into the achievements or capabilities of the applicant.
  • Lack of Enthusiasm: The content lacks genuine interest in the company's products, vision, or the particular role being applied for.
  • Weak Value Proposition: It does not effectively convey what the candidate can offer to the company, nor does it detail past successes in a convincing manner.

A cover letter, especially for a sales role, should communicate both the tangible results you've achieved and the soft skills you possess that enable those results. Demonstrating a genuine understanding of the product you're selling and the market in which the company operates is essential.

​Passionate about the Sales Engineering Profession? Dive into the world of tech sales with our comprehensive sales training. Equip yourself with the skills and knowledge to thrive in the dynamic landscape of Sales Engineering.

Sales Engineering

When You Can’t Submit a Cover Letter

In some hiring processes, the traditional route of submitting a cover letter may not be straightforward. Such situations can be puzzling, but with a little creativity, you can make sure your intent and qualifications don’t go unnoticed. Here's a deeper dive into handling these scenarios:

Email Application

Strategy: Use the email body to encapsulate the essence of your cover letter.

Example: 

Subject: Application for Digital Marketing Strategist Position – Jane Doe

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am reaching out to express my keen interest in the Digital Marketing Strategist role at ABC Corp. Having successfully led digital campaigns that increased engagement rates by 40% at my previous role, I am excited about the potential of contributing to ABC Corp’s dynamic team... .

Attached is my detailed resume for your review.

Warm regards,

Why This Works: The hiring manager instantly sees your motivations and qualifications before even opening your resume. It sets the stage and provides context.

Leverage the Resume

Strategy: If the platform doesn’t allow for a cover letter, amplify the 'Objective' or 'Professional Summary' section of your resume.

​Professional Summary: Enthusiastic and results-driven Digital Marketing Specialist with 5+ years of experience. Successfully increased ROI by 30% in the previous role by streamlining campaigns. Seeking to leverage expertise for ABC Corp to enhance digital presence and engagement. Passionate about innovative strategies and continuous learning.

Why This Works: This enriched summary provides a snapshot of your skills, achievements, and ambitions right at the start of your resume, capturing attention.

Strategy: When unsure of the platform’s capabilities or if the cover letter is required, always save your cover letter and resume as a single PDF document.

Implementation: First, your cover letter, followed by a page break, and then your resume. This ensures that even if the hiring manager just clicks on ‘resume’, they'll still come across your cover letter first.

Why This Works: It guarantees that your cover letter gets in front of the hiring manager’s eyes even when the system doesn’t have a designated slot for it. It’s a precautionary yet proactive approach.

​In the evolving landscape of job applications, understanding how to present oneself effectively in varying contexts is crucial. Whether it's through an email, modified resume, or combined documents, your objective remains consistent: effectively communicate your value proposition.

In conclusion, the art of crafting a cover letter lies in personalization, precision, and passion. It's not just about fitting into a role but thriving in it. Whether you're at the start of your career or transitioning into a new industry, every cover letter tells a unique story. So, craft yours with care.

Ready to elevate your career game? Come to Careerist. From acquiring knowledge to handholding you through your job search journey, we’re here for you.

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What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

By Katie Duncan Posted on February 9, 2024

what purpose does a cover letter serve

While some might claim that the era of the cover letter is over, studies show that 83% of hiring managers still read cover letters and consider them when making hiring decisions. 

Cover letters play a multifaceted role in helping hiring teams understand you as a candidate. They offer a unique opportunity to go beyond the bullet points of resumes and convey your personality, passion, and suitability for the position. And— in a world where only 38% of candidates are writing one— sending a cover letter can be an easy way to stand out.

Purposes of a Cover Letter

What is the purpose of a cover letter?

The purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself, highlight your qualifications, express interest in a specific job, and persuade the employer to consider you for the position.

However, the full answer goes a little deeper. A cover letter can actually serve many purposes! How it works for you will depend on your unique situation and the company you’re applying to.

Here is an in-depth look at the different purposes a cover letter can serve in your job application process. 

1. Make a personalized introduction

A well-crafted cover letter serves as the first point of contact between you and the employer. It establishes a connection that lays the foundation for a strong application. After all, 36% of hiring decision-makers will read your cover letter before they review your resume!

RELATED : Letter of Introduction vs. Cover Letter: What’s the Difference

2. Express enthusiasm and interest

Another purpose of a cover letter is to express interest and enthusiasm for the job opportunity. 

Employers are more likely to be drawn to candidates who are genuinely interested in the role , as it suggests they will be engaged employees. In fact, 4 in 10 employers say they would reject a candidate if they showed no enthusiasm. 

Expressing interest in your cover letter sets a positive tone for the rest of the application. Ultimately, the goal is to create a sense of excitement and anticipation for the hiring manager.

3. Highlight relevant skills, experiences, and achievements

A cover letter is the perfect place to highlight relevant skills, experiences, and achievements in greater detail than what is possible in a resume alone. 

By choosing and elaborating on key experiences and achievements that align with the job requirements, you can show you’re the right person for the job.

4. Convey soft skills, passions, and interests

You can also use your cover letter to convey soft skills, passions, and interests. 

Resumes primarily focus on hard skills and professional experience. Cover letters, on the other hand, allow you to showcase other attributes that make you an exceptional candidate.

Soft skills such as communication, attention to detail , teamwork, problem-solving, adaptability, and leadership are often just as crucial as technical skills in many roles. In your cover letter, you can provide examples illustrating how you have effectively applied these skills at previous jobs.

Similarly, sharing passions and interests— especially if they align with the company’s mission or purpose— can help you stand out from the crowd. 

5. Demonstrate cultural fit

In today’s job market, skill and ability isn’t the only thing employers are looking for. According to a study by OnHire, 84% of recruiters state that culture fit is now becoming one of the key factors when recruiting. 

This means that how well a candidate’s values, personality, and work style align with those of the company matters.

In the cover letter, you can show your understanding of the company culture and how you would contribute positively to it. By researching the company’s mission , values, and work environment, you can tailor your cover letter to showcase how you embody those values and would thrive within the organization.

Say you are applying to a company known for its commitment to sustainability. Here, you could mention your passion for environmental issues or previous experiences volunteering for eco-friendly initiatives.

This not only showcases your personal values but also signals to the hiring manager that you would be a good cultural fit for the organization.

6. Address how you meet or exceed specific requirements

In your cover letter, you also have the opportunity to talk about the requirements outlined in the job description.

Analyze the job posting and identify the key skills the employer is seeking. From there, you can tailor your cover letter to show you possess those qualifications and are well-suited for the role.

You can use the cover letter to expand on achievements that showcase your proficiency in areas relevant to the job. For instance, if the job description lists strong project management skills as a requirement, you could highlight a successful project you led and the results you achieved. 

7. Provide more context for career changes or employment gaps

Another purpose of a cover letter is to provide more context to things like career changes or employment gaps . By addressing these issues directly in the cover letter, you can proactively alleviate any concerns the hiring manager may have.

For example, you may change careers, and your previous experience doesn’t seem directly relevant to the new role. You can use the cover letter to explain how your transferable skills and experiences make you well-suited for the position.

Similarly, if you have a gap in employment due to personal reasons or career exploration, you can provide a brief explanation in the cover letter. This assures the hiring manager that you are still committed and motivated to re-enter the workforce.

Let your cover letter work for you

Cover letters can serve many purposes. With so much flexibility, it’s important to evaluate how your cover letter can work for you with each job application. 

With some applications, you may want to highlight how your skills are a perfect fit. At another company, it may be more advantageous to showcase how you’re a culture fit. If you’re changing careers, using your cover letter to provide context and demonstrate transferable skills would be wise. 

To determine the best way to use your cover letter, start by researching the company . From there, think of ways that you can align yourself with the company, showcase your skills, and prove yourself to be an exceptional candidate! 

What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter When Applying for a Job

We asked career experts to share their insights on the purpose of a cover letter when applying for a job.

Here are their advice:

Table of Contents

A cover letter helps personalize, customize, and highlight how your abilities match the employer’s needs

The true purpose of a cover letter is to make an impression that leads to further consideration, a cover letter narrates an applicant’s story, a cover letter indicates an applicant’s desire, a cover letter gives a picture of the applicant’s personal brand, a cover letter reveals the skillset, a cover letter helps you get an interview by graphically showing your qualifications, cover letters serve an important purpose because they humanize your resume, a cover letter allows you to showcase your communication skills, a cover letter allows you to describe your value, a cover letter allows you to explain gaps in your resume, a cover letter sets you apart from others as it mirrors extra attention and effort, a cover letter provides a brief overview of your background and qualifications, a cover letter entices the reader to keep going and review the resume, a cover letter is your chance to set the tone for the entirety of your candidate process, a strong cover letter embodies your personality, a cover letter tells the employer what you would like to get out of the position, the main purpose of a cover letter is to show the hiring manager how you’ll add value to the organization, a cover letter provides insight into your personal and professional essence, a cover letter is your your biggest shot at standing out in the candidate pool, the purpose of the cover letter is not to copy everything that’s already attached to your resume, a cover letter mirrors your first impression, a cover letter is the justification why your candidacy should be taken seriously, a cover letter is a way of sharing career backstory with hr, a cover letter is the “why”, a cover letter reveals the ‘story’ behind an applicant’s career and job application, a cover letter shows personality while revealing the passion of the candidate, highlight your experience that is relevant to that specific job, which is more important, a resume or a cover letter, should i use the same cover letter for every job i apply for, how long should my cover letter be, what are some common mistakes to avoid when writing a cover letter, do employers care about cover letters, how should i address my cover letter if i don’t know the hiring manager’s name.

Damian Birkel

Damian Birkel

HarperCollins Leadership Author | Founder & Executive Director,  Professionals In Transition

The power of the “T” square cover letter increase response rate by 50% .

Can you dramatically increase your response rate when you apply for a job? Absolutely. How? By using the “T” square cover letter; a classic ride-along note enclosed with your application & resume clarifying why “you are the answer” to the employer’s needs.

Written correctly, a cover letter will contain up to 99% of the key words of the position. This is because the unique key words for this position lie hidden in the requirements for the actual position you are applying for.

History of the “T” square cover letter

Believe it or not, the “T” Square Cover Letter has been around since the typewriter. In the Stone Age (long before technology and programs like Word, where you can simply insert a 2 column table. Back then you would literally have to draw a “T” with a ballpoint pen.

I actually did this early in my career, while I was job searching. It was responsible for the interview and ultimately my job.

How to create the “T” square cover letter :

  • Start with an introductory paragraph. Be sure to list the name of the position and position number. End the paragraph with: “I feel particularly qualified because…”
  • In the second paragraph, insert a 2 column table. Label the top of the first column “YOUR REQUIREMENTS” The second column should be labeled “MY ABILITIES”
  • List each REQUIREMENT in the order listed (in column one); in bullet format. Then match each requirement with your matching ABILITY (in column two).
  • In your concluding paragraph, end with: “You will hear from me shortly.” This lets the employer know that you will be calling to follow up.

Related: How to Follow up on a Job Application

How to find keywords:

The “T” square cover letter uncovers the unique key words (which are the list of the employer’s requirements) for the position in a format that no other cover letter can.

Because employer needs and keywords are the same things, the “T” square cover letter enables you to pierce the shield of Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) by highlighting your unique skill set as it matches against the key words for the position.

Utilizing the “T” square cover letter “feeds” the Applicant Tracking System. The higher you “score” against the keywords of the position, the higher the chances of you “passing through” the Applicant Tracking System software and into the hands of a real, breathing human being.

Lisa Trapani Shumate, MBA

Lisa Shumate

Associate Vice President, University of Houston System | General Manager, Houston Public Media

If you are in the job market right now, I want to offer some encouragement and strategy for getting the job you want and the one that will position you for future success.

The strategy

Always spend as much time on the cover letter as on your resume . Using the same generic cover letter will tell your employer that their position is one of many to which you’re applying. It will convey that you’re playing the numbers game—the more applications, the more likely you’ll be hired. That may be true.

It’s also true that a generic cover letter won’t set you apart. These days there may be dozens of qualified applicants for every opening.

How will an employer decide whom to interview? You be the judge.

Applicant A: Cover letter example

Dear Hiring Manager, I am happy to offer my resume and application for the position of a data analyst. I believe you’ll find I am qualified and experienced. I pride myself on going above and beyond expectations. I have an excellent track record and would welcome the opportunity to be part of your team. My key strengths are: – Attention to detail – Excellent communication and listening skills – Team player – Problem solving Thank you for taking the time to review my application. I look forward to hearing back from you.

Applicant B: Cover letter example

Dear Mr. James, I’ve been closely following how ABC Corp has responded to customers, staff and as a voice for the transportation industry during the global pandemic. It’s inspiring to see the leadership your company has demonstrated. I’m applying for the position of Senior Data Analyst and believe I have the experience and qualifications that align with ABC Corp’s standard of excellence. ABC Corp’s values of teamwork, integrity and opportunity speak to being a great place to work. Here are the key strengths I offer ABC Corp: – I graduated with honors from my University by being committed to academic leadership. – I have track record of performance that has led to increasing levels of responsibility at my current employer. – I have invested in professional development through industry conferences and volunteer board service. The opportunity to be part of ABC Corp is exciting to me. Thank you for taking the time to review my resume and cover letter. I can be reached at [email protected], and my phone number is 953-000-6759.

Which applicant makes the cut for you?

Applicant A didn’t make a mistake, and Applicant A didn’t make an impression; they didn’t even address the hiring manager by name. Applicant B stood out by clearly stating why they should be a contender. They addressed their potential new boss by name and started building a relationship.

That is the true purpose of a cover letter—to make an impression that leads to further consideration, such as an assessment or an interview.

Now that you know the true purpose of a cover letter is to set you apart—you can develop a strategy for writing the letter.

Open : Talk about the company first. Show that you know what is important to the employer. This is easily learned from their website or people who already work there.

Middle : What are your strengths, how can you contribute, name your accomplishments and successes. What motivates you? In three bullets, Applicant B stated that they will work hard to achieve (committed to academic leadership), have been recognized for success (increasing levels of responsibility), and are self-driven (invested in professional development). The middle section could be 5 or more bullets. Try to keep the cover letter to one page.

Close : Show gratitude for the time taken to review the application and cover letter, include contact information, and optimism about the next step.

Now, for the encouragement : Even during the pandemic, there have been than 6 million jobs open each month. There is one for you. The best cover letters are written when you are truly interested in the industry and company to which you are applying. Ground your interest in research, talking to friends who work in the field, and thinking deeply about what you want now and where you want it to lead.

You hold the greatest influence over your career success. Show excitement for the opportunity through positioning your strengths and talents. Invest the time and effort in writing the kind of cover letter that blows away the hiring manager.

It’s not only the next step to being hired; it is the first step in building rapport with the person who could be your next boss.

Suzanne Rohan Jones

Suzanne Rohan Jones

Adjunct Professor, Maryville University

We have heard the discouraging statistics in the last 10 months about workers in the U.S. losing their jobs due to the impact of COVID-19.

As the reduction in available positions is reflective of not only the hard-hit sectors of hospitality and entertainment but also for employers hesitant to commitment to expansion in a time of uncertainty, job seekers will need to try harder than ever before to stand out to potential employers, with cover letters offering the perfect opportunity to narrate their stories.

With more organizations opting for online applications and resume submission in the last two decades, it is no surprise that many job searchers believe that cover letters are optional or even a waste of time.

However, completing an online application and uploading a resume into a recruiting database rarely allows employers to read the job candidate’s full story, looking simply for keywords.

Given how many individuals have flooded back into the job market since last spring, they may be dozens and even hundreds of applicants for every position, depending on the job sector and region of the country.

To catch an employer’s attention, every effort should be made to stand out with an attractive, concrete, and meaningful cover letter. The best way to do this:

  • Use a professional, business format and keep the cover letter to one page , with a combination of paragraphs and bulleted statements.
  • The first paragraph should be 2-3 sentences in length and provide the background of how the applicant learned of the position and why the position is a good fit for the applicant’s skills, education, and interests.
  • The second paragraph includes 2-3 sentences that outline the applicant’s traits and accomplishments that are most relevant to the job responsibilities and the organization’s culture.
  • List 3-5 bullet points that offer specific examples of education, experience, or characteristics that match what the employer is seeking.
  • The final paragraph should outline in 3-4 sentences how the applicant will follow-up, hopes for an interview, and is very interested in this specific position with this particular organization. Include contact information (phone number and email address) here for ease of access.

Related: How to End a Cover Letter

Writing a cover letter specific to each employer and role offers the perfect opportunity for a job applicant to present valuable information to get an employer’s attention and explain any gaps or questions that could arise from a review of the candidate’s resume or other application materials.

Think of a cover letter as a taco shell. It holds the ingredients ( experience , education , skills , accomplishments ) together in an organized package to make it easier to consume quickly.

Amanda Sutton

Amanda Sutton

President, Catalyst Communications Choreography

Someone that puts the effort into a unique, non-canned cover letter is someone who has done their research and actually visualized a future at my firm. So the desire they bring to the table is already high in my eyes. Plus!

The cover letter already begins to tell the story of one’s journey to my desk, and hopefully the aspirations they have for themselves once they work with me.

What they hope to learn and gain. How they already apply these things in their work and personal lives – just little check marks that are noted along the way to – “Can I picture this person working with and meshing with my firm and the company’s brand?”

The cover letter acts as a writing sample. So, this can be telling of how comfortable they are reaching out to people, putting their personality on paper, and how much thought they’ve put into things like; titles, paragraphs, ideas, and long-form thought.

Are they convincing? Compelling? Do they “get how this works”?

I will qualify this by saying, “I own a Public Relations and marketing firm, so the comfort level of employees who ‘get’ how to stand out, and how to write and form creative, intelligent, and concise prose, is going to shine through for me.” – That’s part of the skill sets I look for.

Bud Whitehouse

Bud Whitehouse

Former Headhunter | Recruiter | Author, “ When Can You Start? The Insider’s Guide to Job Search and Career Success”

The fastest and most effective way to get my attention is by using a table with two columns; the left is for the position requirements, the right column for your qualifications.

Quote the requirements (in quote marks) in the left column, and, in the same language as the requirements, list your qualifications matching the requirements in the right column.

  • Use the terms from the left side verbatim on the right side
  • Be specific.
  • Respond to all the requirements if possible. If you can’t respond to three or more requirements, don’t respond at all.

Dont’s

  • Don’t tell me you’re a team player, ethical professional, etc. You say that, but you’re looking for a job so you’ll say anything. Information about you must be completely objective, not subjective.
  • Don’t tell me the wonderful things you’ve heard about my company; this is blatant sucking up.
  • Don’t tell me you have 10 years’ experience when I’m only asking for three. I will drop you because you’re overqualified and too expensive. “Over three years experience” will do nicely.
  • Don’t respond to the duties and responsibilities section unless you have already responded to the requirements. You must respond to the requirements.
  • Don’t exceed one and a half pages in length.

Allison D. Weidhaas, PhD

Allison Weidhaas

Associate Professor, Rider University | Director of MA programs (Business Communication & Health Communication)

While most of us dread writing a cover letter because it’s one more step in an already cumbersome job search process, cover letters should not be overlooked, even if the application indicates that a cover letter is optional.

Cover letters serve an important purpose because they humanize your resume. They bring out important parts of your experiences, and they help people to see you as a person rather than a series of disconnected bullet points.

When you think of cover letters as communicating about your important experiences, this can help you shape what to include and exclude.

Ultimately, you want to highlight the significant experiences that you think will be attractive to the potential employer.

For example, if you are applying for a job that requires writing, the cover letter provides you with an opportunity to discuss your writing experience in more depth than you can do in a resume. In several well-articulated sentences, you can describe the writing you provided for an organization, reactions from readers, and perhaps even the circulation of that publication (if that seems important to your potential employer).

It is important to note that a cover letter, while more detailed than a resume, typically should not go beyond one page.

( Note : There are some exceptions, such as academic cover letters, but in most cases, people don’t want to read lengthy documents.)

One reason people opt to avoid cover letters is that they don’t know how to start them. The first paragraph should include the job you’re applying for and, importantly, if anyone recommended that you apply for the position. You are more likely to get a call for a job interview if the person knows the individual recommending you for the job.

This is something you can include in a resume and, if available, should be in the first sentence of your cover letter.

When you write a cover letter, you want to use the inverted pyramid approach , which places the most important information at the top and moves down from there. The inverted pyramid assumes the reader might not read the entire letter. It’s possible the reader only skims the first paragraph and calls you for a job interview.

As you apply for jobs, I recommend saving your cover letters because often, you can tweak a previous cover letter for a different job. The first cover letter is often the hardest to write, but it’s worth the effort.

Paul French

Paul French

Managing Director, Intrinsic Search

The ability to write well is a prized skill in today’s business environment where companies communicate with customers, employees, and other shareholders through the written word on platforms such as social media and email.

Strong written communication is also a demonstration of your critical thinking skills, which is another quality that employers are looking for to help them stay ahead of the game in a competitive marketplace.

Reading a bullet list of your skills and competencies alone does not completely give a clear picture of what you are capable of and how you fit into the role you are applying for.

A cover letter gives you a great opportunity to tie together your skills and strengths and show the employer/hiring manager/recruiter how you will put these to use and help the employer meet their goals.

In the cover letter, you can give anecdotal evidence of your experience, background, and your suitability for the role, something that you obviously cannot do in a resume.

Gaps in your resume can easily be a deal-breaker but this doesn’t have to be the case, because sometimes life happens and you cannot avoid such career gaps.

That said, you could increase your chance of being called in for an interview if you explained these career gaps and the cover letter offers you the perfect opportunity to do this.

Keep in mind though that you should not delve into personal matters when explaining your hiatus. A cover letter like a resume is strictly a business document.

Anne M. Barnwell, NCRW, CPRW

Anne Barnwell

Certified Professional Resume Writer, The Write Resumes

Is a cover letter important to employers?

The research varies widely on how recruiters view the cover letter’s importance. When recruiters are asked if they consider cover letters, responses have ranged from 18 to 86%, making those studies meaningless.

The importance I give to cover letters is more antidotal. When I write a customized cover letter for the “perfect” job, my clients get the interview.

You can argue that because this was the perfect job for them, the employer recognized that same great fit but with hundreds of resumes to scan through, that seems unlikely. Instead, I believe the extra attention and customization are what set them apart.

How to write a cover letter that gets results?

In a nutshell, your resume is about you , your cover letter is about the company . How are you going to help the company succeed?

  • Target the industry and company. That does not mean you need to start new for each letter. Write your template with the main points you will share with most of your applications, then customize it for that job. You’ll get better results by connecting with the company’s values, mission, and challenges.
  • Highlight your top achievements and required skills. Don’t repeat the language from the resume word for word. Highlight the most important information and give the recruiter a compelling reason to learn more by reading your resume.
  • Give answers to questions you know the recruiter will ask. Do you have a gap in your work history, or are you applying for a job in California and you live in Kansas? Give a one-sentence explanation in your cover letter and help that recruiter move on to the important information, your accomplishments.
  • Brief is better. My ideal length is around 250 words. Enough to get and keep the recruiter’s interest. If I write a longer cover letter, it is only when I need to outline a specific personal connection or provide greater clarity for a potential red flag.
  • Ask for the interview. Yes, it is that simple.

When shouldn’t you include a cover letter?

The only time I don’t recommend a cover letter is when the application instructions tell you to not include one. Otherwise, a cover letter won’t hurt you and when done correctly, has the potential to get you the interview.’

Ron Auerbach, MBA

Ron Auerbach

Educator | Career Coach | Job Search Expert | Author, “Think Like an Interviewer: Your Job Hunting Guide to Success”

So it’s designed to briefly explain what you offer a company and why they should even consider you for employment. Then your resume or CV goes into a lot more detail.

Your cover letter should be, at most, a page. And in terms of the number of paragraphs, it’s 4–5 short paragraphs.

Related: How Long Should a Cover Letter Be

Here is the basic structure or layout of a cover letter:

  • Introduction: Why you’re writing to them. So it’s the job to which you’re applying or you are inquiring if they have any available jobs for you.
  • Some job seekers will use another paragraph to continue explaining their overall background and why they would make a good potential new hire.
  • So you can use one or two paragraphs here to convince them you’re worth interviewing.
  • Next paragraph: Your willingness to be interviewed and how they can reach you to set one up.
  • Last paragraph: Thanking them for considering you and a quick recap of why you feel you’re a good choice to consider for employment.

Chere B. Estrin

Chere Estrin

CEO, Estrin Legal Staffing

There are two opinions about the cover letter these days: some read it and others ignore it.

Most candidates believe the cover letter is a summary of their resume. It is not. The purpose is to entice the reader to keep going and review the resume. It shows the employer who shows originality, independent thinking, and has a fresh, intelligent approach.

Its purpose is to show whether this person has:

  • conducted research on the company
  • can write concisely
  • demonstrates your writing ability

Employers read cover letters because they want to know a bit about you without first delving into the resume OR to cause them to want to read the resume. They want to see a writing sample and sometimes the cover letter (if it is not a template), is a very good test.

Candidates are often misled about the purpose of the cover letter. It is not to give a regurgitation of what is in your resume.

Often, cover letters go into great length, and I assure you, those are the cover letters that do not get read in this day and age of Instagram and instant gratification. The purpose is to market your skills in order to entice the reader to want to read the resume.

Those employers that do not read the cover letter are those interested in getting right to the “meat” of the subject without wasting time reading what is already in the resume.

Others have a screening software, called ATS (Applicant Tracking Software) that reads only keywords on the resume. Those employers rarely have use for a cover letter as they are searching for a near-perfect match to the job description.

It is always best to include a cover letter as most companies expect it and leaving it out can show a lack of attention to detail to those employers sold on its purpose.

John Roccia

John Roccia

Director of Career Services, Ama La Vida Coach

So many people make the mistake of treating a cover letter as just one more item on a lengthy To-Do list while applying for jobs. It can be true that not including one might be a mark against you, but just treating it as a task that needs to be checked off removes a valuable opportunity for you to make a great impression.

A cover letter is your chance to set the tone for the entirety of your candidate process and to put in context all the other information the company will learn about you. Whether from your resume, subsequent emails, or your interviews, each piece of information will fit into a larger picture of you.

Your first impression is your chance to define what that picture will look like.

This means that your cover letter shouldn’t try to be autobiographical or tremendously deep. Your goal isn’t to tell your entire professional or life story in one document. Rather, think of it like a thesis statement, a title page, or a table of contents – a descriptor of what’s to come, presented enticingly enough to compel someone to dive in more deeply.

That context also serves to connect you to the company, and as such, each one should be personalized. Don’t fall back on “checklist” mentality and include a form letter just to include one. Introduce yourself with a specific reason why you’re doing so for this company. Don’t be afraid to be excited!

A cover letter is a chance to show the human behind the resume, and you don’t have to be dry and robotic.

In fact, you don’t even have to send an actual letter.

Understanding that the purpose of this document is to get some positive attention and interest, why not spice it up a little? I’ve seen job candidates successfully stand out from the crowd by sending a “pitch deck” of a few slides, a relevant sample of past work, or even a live video.

Take a look at the culture of the company you’re interested in.

Are they very buttoned-up and formal? Then a PowerPoint presentation of your past accomplishments can show initiative and confidence. Are they more relaxed and non-standard? Then a video pitch can win their hearts.

Whatever you do, remember that the ultimate point is to stand out .

Applications are not pass or fail – they’re competitive . There’s no such thing as a strict “good enough” threshold. One of the best ways to get a head start in that competition is to set the tone early that you’re the person they’re looking for.

Hannah Kuspira

Hannah Kuspira

Career Advisor | Co-Founder, Knowlejoble

Cover letters provide context to your job application. Unfortunately, most cover letters are generic and unoriginal. So much so, that in one-third of cases hiring managers won’t read cover letters until after they have decided to interview a candidate.

If written well, the cover letter begins to build a relationship between the applicant and the hiring manager and helps to inform the first stage of the interview process.

Resumes are great tools to document skills and experience, but they don’t tell you much about a person’s culture and personality fit. The cover letter is your opportunity to introduce yourself from a holistic human perspective – not just from the context of your career.

Great cover letters provide information on your values, career goals, personality, work environment preferences, and types of teams you like to work with. Infuse some personality into your writing by balancing the formal aspects with a more personal tone of voice.

Write your cover letter to help the manager decide if their open position is going to be a fit for the type of role that will help you thrive. Employers don’t want to waste their time by interviewing people with technical skills but that won’t fit with their team, so help them understand more about your work style and goals through your cover letter.

Employers want to know that you are not just applying to jobs for the money. Of course, your career provides financial gain, but it should also align with your larger goals and vision for your life.

Too many times, I read cover letters that tell me how I will benefit from hiring you… but I want to know what benefit you will get from the job.

Here are some examples of benefits you may receive from a position:

  • Exposure to a new industry (or an industry you care a lot about).
  • Development of new skills.
  • Opportunity to work under a specific leadership style.
  • Specific work schedules that they are offering
  • Potential to grow leadership skills.

By including these details in a cover letter you show that you have researched the company, position, and the people who work there. It demonstrates dedication and buy-in which is received very well by hiring managers.

It will pique their interest and provides a jump-off point for a conversation during the interview stage.

Christa Juenger

Christa Juenger

VP Strategy & Coaching Services, Intoo USA

To do this, you need to identify their needs and use your letter to address solutions. Admittedly, cover letters aren’t always read, but you don’t want to risk missing the opportunity to share your excitement about the opportunity and a more personalized glimpse of you as a candidate.

By answering the following three questions, you’ll give the hiring manager an understanding of how you meet and exceed the specific requirements of the position and show your preparedness and interest by demonstrating your knowledge of the company and industry.

  • Why am I interested in and a good fit for the organization? Do you follow them on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and love their brand? Have you heard what an amazing culture they have? Be specific about what draws you to the company.
  • How are my qualifications well-matched for the position? Highlight your most relevant 2 or 3 qualifications that make them want to really dive into your resume.
  • What should be the next step in pursuing an interview? Reiterate your interest and excitement in the organization and role, opportunity to discuss their needs and your qualifications in more depth, and best way to reach you (phone and/or email) for further discussion.

Personalized cover letters are a great opportunity to note your achievements and how they relate to the work you would be doing for this company.

By sharing relevant skills and experience that have helped other organizations solve their problems, you are telling a story about how you might help this company succeed, as well.

Rolf Bax

Chief Human Resources Officer, Resume.io

What a cover letter is not:

I think it is useful to first emphasize that a cover letter should never be simply a restating or rehashing of your resume. I don’t enjoy reading a cover letter and then opening a person’s CV to find the same information, only in point form.

What a cover letter is meant to accomplish:

The aim of a cover letter should be to communicate intention, briefly summarize relevant role-related experience without going into the minutiae (your resume does that) and highlight your personality and organizational fit.

A lot of times hiring managers will pass over a qualified and competent candidate simply because they know this person will not be a good fit culturally at the organization.

A good cover letter, therefore, should be based on prior research and an understanding of the organizational culture you are hoping to become a part of.

In short, the purpose of your cover letter is to provide insight into your personal and professional essence to whoever will be reading it. If you present yourself as an interesting, experienced person who will be a good fit for the role, the team, and the organization, I will eagerly read your resume.

Marilyn Maslin

Marilyn Maslin

Chief Job Search & Branding Strategist, Resume Footprint

Interestingly many people today forgo taking the time to craft a custom cover letter. I believe this is because they can be challenging to write, and they don’t understand the advantages of this personal marketing tool.

There are several purposes/advantages of applying with a cover letter.

  • Cover letters often hold key information that resumes do not contain , such as career transition details, relocation logistics, and back to work information.
  • In today’s technical world, the first hiring decision-maker is the ATS (applicant tracking system). Individuals who add a tailored cover letter are doubling their chances of getting sent through to the “Yes” pile due to added content consideration.
  • As an HR professional and active recruiter, I can confirm that I read every cover letter when sourcing candidates. I respect that they took the time to produce an additional document. A cover letter also tells me a lot about a candidate. If they cared enough to craft a detailed cover letter for an opportunity, they would hopefully care about their job.
  • Lastly, when sending your resume, the cover letter content can be used as the email.

Ben Lamarche

Ben Lamarche

General Manager, Lock Search Group

A cover letter is your first opportunity to introduce yourself to a potential employer and really your biggest shot at standing out in the candidate pool. The ultimate goal is to tell a tailored story that clearly connects how your qualifications and experience align with the company’s expectations and culture.

Whereas a resume quantifies your professional achievements, your cover letter highlights your qualitative skills , ambitions , and motivations .

Cover letters can be tricky because you have to pack a lot into one page, so you need to craft at least four paragraphs of only two to three sentences each .

As the purpose of a cover letter is to tell a resonating story, you will need to cover:

  • an introduction
  • highlights of your qualifications
  • connection with company culture

You need to be concise and poignant with your words, which is an oft sought-after skill across industries.

First, with the introduction , start off with how you heard about the exact position; do not forget to mention an employee who referred you to the opening. Then point out how your current position and experience offer the necessary skill set to excel.

Next, highlight the qualifications you mentioned by using at least one real-life example. Think closely about how your previous work can directly relate and benefit the position for which you are applying.

For example, you can mention how you identified a problem at work (perhaps sales were dropping), you created a solution (developed a marketing plan to target a new customer group), and your solution provided results (sales grew x% over a period of time). This is the area in which to expand upon a key achievement mentioned in your resume.

Now that you have shown how you will connect in the role, show how you will connect with the company culture . This is where you show you have done your research on the company, and it proves that you have truly crafted a unique letter for this company.

Perhaps you have charitable interests that align with the company’s values or mention how your career aspirations (offering innovative products for consumers) can help the company achieve its mission.

Lastly, thank the reader for taking the time to read your letter and offer methods of how to contact you. Restate your interest in the company and the position, and say you look forward to hearing back from them.

Clay Burnett

Clay Burnett

Executive Recruiter | President, Clay Burnett Group

A purposefully written cover letter can get your foot in the door and a chance to be considered for the position you are seeking.

Think of it as a magnifying glass providing a spotlight on your abilities to do the job.

First of all, read the job description very carefully to understand what the employer really, really wants. If you are working with a recruiter they can help you understand and define the needs outlined in the job description.

Listen to them and take their advice. If you are on your own, take some time to think through the job description and see the job through the employer’s eyes.

Next, look at your resume. What do you have that they want? This is where you compose your sales pitch.

Not everything on your resume will be of equal interest. Your skills and experience are unique to you and it’s important that you select the most relevant elements of your resume to summarize in your cover letter.

Remember that it is much harder to be concise than long-winded and the person reading your cover has little time and no inclination to plow through a long paragraph.

Compose your letter so that it is quick to read and easy to understand. That will make you stand out.

Michael Trust, MPA, SPHR, PHRca, SHRM-SCP

Michael Trust

Human Resources Leader & Certified Mediator, Michael Trust Consulting

A cover letter’s purpose is to showcase and highlight certain experiences, education, accomplishments that are on the resume that might be lost.

It’s also a way to express why there is interest in the position. It should be generally short (unless you have a great deal of experience and a great deal to highlight); it’s part of a marketing document (the resume is the rest), and it should be written that way.

This is not the place to be humble; it’s not the place to be arrogant, either. It’s a fine line.

This document must be well written and be error-free. If a good job is done, it will actually set you up to answer many challenging interview questions because you’ve already briefly discussed achievements in your cover letter.

The cover letter doesn’t replace the resume, nor should it regurgitate what’s in the resume. Just highlight. It’s really that simple.

Rob Barnett

Rob Barnett

CEO, Rob Barnett Media

I don’t know why most cover letters sound like they were written ages ago by a boring character in a black and white movie or by a robot with no personality.

Don’t bother sending covers to “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Whom It May Concern.”

Take the time to find out exactly who the hiring manager is and address them directly. When you write a cover letter, you should sound exactly like you’re speaking to your new boss, directly – like a human being.

I don’t know why everyone thinks a cover letter should be a dull, lifeless, overly formal snoozer.

Drop the typical blah blah about how you’re “excited to apply for the position.” And don’t write any company without doing your homework on the business to add nutritious content on why the mission and work line up with your expertise.

Keep your recent and relevant history brief, then do the most important thing most candidates miss. Include an understanding of their needs with specific ideas about how you can bring value. If you’ve got something positive and complimentary to add – do it. Just don’t suck up.

You’ve got one job. The primary goal of your cover letter is to earn an interview. Ask for “a brief introductory call in the weeks ahead.” This sign of patience shows confidence and professionalism that will go much farther than any hint of desperation.

One last thing, if you’ve got any direct connection to the boss or a current employee, you should definitely contact that person in advance of writing the letter to get the best inside intel possible. Then name drop that professional connection with the hope they vouch for you, like in The Sopranos. Happy Writing.

Fletcher Wimbush

Fletcher Wimbush

Founder and CEO, The Hire Talent

Your first impression is the cover letter, where you introduce yourself as more than just another candidate, but as the candidate that will be the best fit for the role.

Be sure to include any advantageous, pertinent information that could help you stand out from the herd. If you fear any bias going into the interviews, this can sometimes be a way to quell that issue.

As hiring managers get savvier and use more technology to ‘weed’ out bad hires using assessments, this may be a good way to get to the first interview, be yourself, tout your accomplishments and be transparent.

Dr. Laurence J. Stybel

Laurence J. Stybel

Psychologist | Founder, Stybel Peabody

Think of your resume as an appendix to your letter. Think of your letter as the justification why your candidacy should be taken seriously.

A good cover letter should include evidence:

  • That you have taken the time to conduct some research about the company/industry sector
  • An explicit statement linking one critical stated needs to a specific accomplishment in your resume
  • Statement welcoming next steps in the hiring process

Warning : If you ever write “I would be perfect for this job ” based on the job content outlined in the advertisement, I won’t even consider talking with you.

It tells me that you assume the job description accurately reflects the job itself. That’s naive. On the other hand, you should conclude your letter with, “I believe there is mutual value in us exploring this opportunity in more depth.”

Dana Case

Director of Operations, MyCorporation.com

Why are they applying for this job? What makes them the ideal hire for the role? What kinds of experience can they bring to the company to help it grow and thrive?

A cover letter provides candidates the space to answer all of these questions (and then some) and to make an incredible first impression on the business. The passion and sincerity shine through in a cover letter.

Employers want to hire great talent that cares about doing a fantastic job. A thoroughly written cover letter better positions the candidate to be potentially hired as an employee.

Dawson Whitfield

Dawson Whitfield

Founder and CEO, Looka

If your resume is all about explaining “what” you’ve done, your cover letter is about explaining “why”.

One of the reasons cover letters are often ineffective is that people use them as a way to reiterate what they’ve already said in their resume. They take their resume’s content and expand on it, emphasizing just how much their resume bullet points match up with the bullet points from the description of the job they’re applying for.

But to get the most out of a cover letter—both for employers and prospective employees—you need to go beyond the bullet points.

Explaining how this role fits into the trajectory of your career, what it means for your professional development, how the company’s mission aligns with your own—this is the kind of content that elevates a cover letter.

By delving into the “why” behind your work, you give employers a glimpse into the person they’d be working with. Not just whether or not you can do the work, but why you actually want to.

Imran Rashid

Imran Rashid

Managing Director, Group 4 Holdings Limited

The importance of a cover letter is very often overlooked when candidates make job applications. From someone who used to work in the HR Department and go through hundreds of applications a week, the aforementioned statement could not be further from the truth.

Although I now work in an Executive Position in a global conglomerate, I often give more importance to Cover Letters compared to the actual CVs when I have been given a shortlist of applicants to select for interviews.

CVs provide a good in-depth understanding of a candidate’s experience, education, and general development over the span of their careers. All employers want to know where you have worked and where you have been educated.

However, now more than ever, CVs are often quite boring and mundane – which is expected considering how much importance is given to adhering to standard structures and sticking by industry guidelines when creating and formatting one’s Curriculum Vitae.

Cover Letters

Although plenty of career academies and HR coaches would recommend also keeping Cover Letters ’standard and professional’, I would advise candidates not to make this common mistake.

Yes, as employers we want to know why you are applying for the job and making sure you haven’t just created one cover letter for all applications, but this is often discovered in the first round of screening.

When we receive shortlisted applications for the second round of screening or interview selection, we already know candidates have experience in the relevant fields, since this has been identified by the HR Department.

At this stage, Management will often spend more time reading the Cover Letter, trying to really understand the candidate and the ‘story’ behind their career and job application.

Unique details about why you are perfectly suited for the position, what makes you different, and your passion for the field really stand out.

Furthermore, always make sure you do not give the impression that your Cover Letter is a ‘one-for-all’ that has been used for multiple applications. Talk about why you are interested in working not only in the field you have applied for but for that employer in particular.

Try to find common similarities between your interests, goals, and achievements and your potential Employer’s company mission statements and corporate ethos.

In summary, ticking all the standard boxes of the Cover Letter are important and should not be overlooked. They are all excellent ways to show you are suitable for the job, however, to go that one step further you need to show a level of personalization about why you are an ideal candidate, and perfect for the company.

This is where you stand out, by avoiding general and vague statements and giving personalized and real-life examples that really make your Employer think that you have made an effort to show how you are different.

Remember that you are your own brand – never undersell what makes you different or unique .

Kevin Miller

Kevin Miller

Co-Founder and CEO, GR0

I’ve hired over 100 people in my role as CEO of GR0. These roles included account managers, marketing professionals, social media managers, SEO specialists, copywriters, and more. I’ve read hundreds of cover letters over the years.

Traditional cover letters are 100% still relevant and not only that, they are the most important part of the equation. They show personality and personalization while revealing the passion of the candidate to the employer.

This gives a pulse for how much the candidate cares. Cover letters are seen as optional by candidates so those that actually take the time to do them and do them well certainly stand out from the pack.

Related: How to Stand Out in a Group Interview

The most important piece of advice I would give, particularly to a recent college graduate, is to talk about personal projects and entrepreneurial activities.

This demonstrates scrappiness, initiative, and the types of traits that are incredibly valued by employers. This separates a candidate from the rest of the bunch because they can speak to real-life examples of their work and how they have applied their passions in real life. The employer can then deduce how the candidate will take that same vigor and apply it to their business.

Christopher Drashner

Chris Drashner

Managing Partner, The Remedy Group

Resumes and CVs are typically very general in nature. The resume should list your duties and accomplishments at each company and role but are not built around a specific desired position. That would be too time-consuming and not as effective as a Cover Letter.

A good portion of Hiring Managers barely skim a resume. They’re looking for specific buzzwords and/or experience and if they don’t see it quickly and easily, they’ll move on to the next resume.

The Cover Letter is your chance to make sure that the Hiring Manager sees that you have the experience they need. You can highlight your experience and your success in a form that the Hiring Manager is almost guaranteed to read.

Another benefit of the Cover Letter is that it shows the Hiring Manager that you’ve done your homework on the role and the company and that you’ve taken the time to craft a Cover Letter. It makes your application more personalized and sets you apart from the majority of people who are only sending a resume.

In conclusion, a cover letter is an excellent way to highlight why you’re a great fit for the role in a format that will be read and to make yourself stand out from the other applicants.

Stewart Dunlop

Stewart Dunlop

CEO, Linkbuilder.io

Sometimes, seeking the first job, people tend to neglect the role of a cover letter, however, it’s an essential part of the recruitment process, as it reveals a lot of applicant’s soft skills and interest in your vacancy.

Reading a cover letter it’s even more important than the CV. Metaphorically speaking, a cover letter is the boarding pass for successful recruitment.

The main task of a cover letter is to motivate a potential employer to consider your resume.

As a person who makes a final decision during the selection, the cover letter can tell me a lot about people who wrote it starting with assessing the skill of self-presentation to demonstrating their values and match them against the values of my company to see whether we can work well if a hire happens.

I can see how well a person researched my business on the internet to show they are not just interested in getting the position, but that they are really determined to get a job in your company.

These are the nuances that help me to filter out the candidates that will not be a good fit for my company saving out time for both parties.

Frequently Asked Questions

Both your resume and cover letter are important when applying for a job. While the resume provides a summary of your skills, experience, and education, the cover letter provides an opportunity to introduce yourself and explain why you’re a good fit for the job.

Your resume gives employers a quick overview of your qualifications and experience. It is often the first thing they look at when reviewing your application.

However, the cover letter is your chance to make a personal connection with the employer and show why you’re especially qualified for the job. The cover letter can also help explain gaps or inconsistencies in your resume and provide additional information about your background and skills.

In short, your resume and cover letter together provide a complete picture of your qualifications and suitability for the job. While your resume offers vital facts and figures, your cover letter allows you to express your personality, communication skills, and enthusiasm for the position.

Therefore, giving equal attention and effort to both documents is important to maximize your chances of success in the application process.

While it may be tempting to use the same cover letter for every job application to save time and effort, this is generally not recommended. A customized cover letter can increase your chances of getting an interview and showing interest in a particular job and company.

Each job and company is unique, with different requirements, expectations, and company cultures. By tailoring your cover letter to the specific job and company you’re applying to, you can show that you understand the position and that your skills and experience make you a good fit.

Customizing your cover letter for each application may take more time and effort, but the potential benefits are worth it. A well-written cover letter can set you apart from other applicants and increase your chances of landing an interview.

In general, a cover letter should be no longer than one page. Employers usually do not have the time or patience to read long letters. Therefore, ensure your letter is concise and limited to relevant details that relate directly to the job posting.

Of course, there may be exceptions to this rule, depending on the complexity of your work experience or educational background; in any case, make sure that excessive length does not distract from the key points of the document itself.

If possible, include all the vital information while writing engagingly—use clear, concise language and highlight the essential skills and qualifications that make you stand out as a candidate.

No proofreading:  It is essential to check for spelling and grammatical errors before sending your application.

No professional tone:  Remember that you are applying for a job and not writing an email or text message to a friend

Using overly complicated or flowery language:  Keep your language simple and clear.

Not going into company/role-specific details:  Make sure you tailor each cover letter to the specific job posting.

You focus too much on yourself:  Show that you understand what the company is looking for in potential candidates and focus on how you can contribute to the company’s success.

Sending a generic letter that is not tailored to the job or the company:  Avoid using a generic template that could be used for any job application.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can write a cover letter that puts your skills and experience in the best light and increases your chances of getting an interview.

Yes, employers care about cover letters because they can provide valuable insight into an applicant’s personality, communication skills, and motivation for the job. A well-written cover letter can help you stand out from other applicants and show interest in the job and the company.

Cover letters allow you to make a personal connection with the employer and explain why you’re a good fit for the job. It also allows you to address any concerns the employer may have about your qualifications or experience.

By tailoring your cover letter to the specific job and company you’re applying to, you can show the employer that you have researched and are interested in the position.

In some cases, a cover letter is specifically requested as part of the application process. However, even if a cover letter isn’t required, you can use it to demonstrate professionalism and attention to detail.

Therefore, it’s always a good idea to include a cover letter with your application and put as much effort into it as you do with your resume.

If you don’t know the name of the hiring manager, it’s best to use a general salutation such as “ Dear Hiring Manager ” or “ Dear Recruiter ” This is a polite and professional way to address your letter if you cannot use a specific name.

Avoid using the salutation “ To Whom It May Concern ” or “ Dear Sir/Madam ” as these salutations can seem impersonal or outdated. A generic salutation is a good way to avoid potential errors if the letter is addressed to the wrong person.

However, if you have made an effort to research the company and the position and you cannot find the name of the hiring manager, you can call the company and ask for the name of the appropriate person. This shows initiative and a willingness to go the extra mile in your job search.

It’s crucial to be respectful, professional, and polite in your cover letter. Even if you don’t have a specific name, you can make a good impression by using a generic salutation and tailoring the rest of the letter to the job and the company you’re applying to.

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  1. What Is a Cover Letter? Definition, Purpose, and Types

    A cover letter's purpose is to supplement an applicant's résumé by filling in any gaps and answering any questions an employer might have after reading their résumé. For example, your cover letter might explain why you spent a few years working outside your industry, or how your unique background would make you an asset to the company.

  2. The Purpose of a Cover Letter

    The primary purpose of a cover letter is to motivate the hiring agent to consider your job application by reading your resume and any other supporting documents. There are several advantages in writing a cover letter, such as: It can generate a positive impression on the hiring manager.

  3. What Is a Cover Letter? (And What To Include in One)

    Updated October 19, 2023 Sending a cover letter with your resume can allow hiring managers to learn more detailed information about you, your accomplishments and how you can benefit their company. Employers often use cover letters to screen candidates for jobs before moving forward in the hiring process.

  4. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    The main purpose of a cover letter is to fill in the gaps in your resume, and give hiring managers a deeper insight into your professional background. The best cover letters act as an effective marketing tool, and the product being marketed is you.

  5. 7 Key Components of an Effective Cover Letter

    Strong cover letters provide a clear connection between your goals and a company's values. What are the parts of a cover letter? While cover letters can vary when it comes to content, all cover letters need a few key elements to serve their purpose effectively and showcase the top reasons to hire you.

  6. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    The purpose of a cover letter is to give a recruiter or hiring manager a more detailed view of your accomplishments and a sense of what you'll bring to the table if you are hired. For this reason, learning how to write a cover letter is a critical skill for all job seekers.

  7. How and Why to Write a Great Cover Letter

    With your cover letter, you'll aim to: Highlight your qualifications: You'll show how your skills and experience relate to the employer's needs for a specific position. Showcase your motivation: You'll demonstrate your enthusiasm for the specific position and the organization. Reflect your voice and written communication skills: You ...

  8. What is a Cover Letter? [Examples + Writing Tips]

    Cover letters provide extra space beyond your resume to sell yourself as the best job candidate and demonstrate your communication skills. It's standard to submit a cover letter, even if left unsaid in the job post or ad. There are only two scenarios when you should skip including a cover letter:

  9. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter & Why It's Important

    For your cover letter to serve its purpose, you need it to be compelling. Here are five tips for making your cover letter more effective than the competition. 1. Customize your cover letter. Cover letters shouldn't be generic. Unlike resumes, cover letters include specific details about the employer, making it easy to spot when you're using ...

  10. What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? Purpose & Example

    Purpose & Example. A cover letter is a document attached to your job application that shows why you're the best candidate. Not everyone expects cover letters, but a significant proportion of employers still do. If you don't include one, you're significantly reducing your chances of finding a job.

  11. What is a cover letter and why are they important?

    Career advice / Cover letter and CV advice What is a cover letter and why are they important? A cover letter accompanies your CV as part of most job applications. It provides the hiring manager with further detail on how your skill set aligns with the role, what you can bring to the team and why you want the position.

  12. How to Write a Great Cover Letter and Why Is It Important

    What is the Purpose of a Cover Letter. Understanding the purpose of a cover letter can aid you in crafting a compelling one. Here's a breakdown of the objectives, illustrated with examples: ... When writing cover letters, examples can serve as guides to illustrate the right and wrong approaches. Below are some examples to consider:

  13. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    The purpose of a cover letter is to help you stand out as a viable candidate when applying for jobs. Some hiring managers place a high value on cover letters, while others only request a resume. Writing a cover letter can help you get noticed by talent teams regardless of whether it is mandatory in the application process.

  14. Make Your Case: Tips for Writing a Cover Letter That's ...

    Cover letters aren't "dead," but they do serve a different purpose than they used to and they require a different approach. An approach like this one.

  15. Cover Letter 101: What is The Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    A cover letter serves as a succinct yet comprehensive introduction to you as a job candidate and provides more information on your background and work experience. It adds to the information on your resume by expanding on your skill sets, achievements, and successes.

  16. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter When Looking for Work?

    From the employer's perspective, the purpose of a cover letter is to sort through candidates to identify those to interview based on their experiences and skills. A cover letter is an opportunity for a potential candidate to outline their career goals so that the employer can determine if they align with those of the organisation.

  17. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    Interviewing CVs & cover letters What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter? What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter? Indeed Editorial Team Updated 19 April 2023 Almost all job applications require a cover letter, and most applications benefit from one regardless of whether it is a requirement.

  18. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    The purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself, highlight your qualifications, express interest in a specific job, and persuade the employer to consider you for the position. However, the full answer goes a little deeper. A cover letter can actually serve many purposes!

  19. PDF Cover Letter Guide

    introduce yourself. Cover letters are comprised of at least 3 - 4 paragraphs and should be written in a manner that highlights the skills, abilities and accomplishments listed on your résumé. Additionally, the overall tone of your cover letter should be conversational and professional while relaying your enthusiasm for the organization.

  20. What is the Purpose of a Cover Letter? [A-Z Online Guide]

    A: A cover letter is an excellent way to explain anything out of the ordinary to a prospective employer. You can mention if you had maternity leave, were laid off, changed a career path, or took time off to travel in a cover letter. However, be brief. An employer is more interested to learn about your relevant skills and experience.

  21. What's the Purpose of a Cover Letter When Applying for a Job

    Because employer needs and keywords are the same things, the "T" square cover letter enables you to pierce the shield of Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) by highlighting your unique skill set as it matches against the key words for the position. Utilizing the "T" square cover letter "feeds" the Applicant Tracking System.

  22. What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?

    Cover letters serve a different purpose than resumes and allow you to expand more on your qualifications. Knowing what makes a compelling and effective cover letter will help you to write one that stands out from other candidates. In this article, we explore the purpose of a cover letter, why it is important to submit one for a job application ...

  23. The Purpose of a Resume: Uses for Job Applicants and Employers

    How resumes are used by applicants The use of a resume goes beyond the general application process. Resumes are valuable, documented information about your life, career and accomplishments. The following list outlines some of the major uses of resumes by people applying to jobs: Sending to employers Introduction to employers Demonstrating skills

  24. What records are exempted from FERPA?

    What records are exempted from FERPA? Records which are kept in the sole possession of the maker of the records, are used only as a personal memory aid, and are not accessible or revealed to any other person except a temporary substitute for the maker of the records. Records of the law enforcement unit of an educational agency or institution.