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Reference List: Other Print Sources

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Note:  This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style  can be found here .

Important Note: Because the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual heavily emphasizes digital and electronic sources, it does not contain explicit instructions for certain less-common print sources that earlier editions covered. For this reason, some of the examples below have been adapted from the instructions for sources with similar attributes (e.g., the conference proceedings example is derived from the instructions the 7 th edition manual gives for citing edited collections). Every example below that has been adapted in this way is accompanied by a note explaining how it was adapted.

Please also note: While this resource contains many examples of citations for uncommon print sources that we think are helpful, it may not account for every possibility. For even more examples of how to cite uncommon print sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual.

Entry in a Dictionary, Thesaurus, or Encyclopedia with a Group Author

The 7 th edition of the APA manual does not provide specific guidance on how to cite physical reference works such as dictionaries, thesauruses, or encyclopedias. Therefore, this citation, as well as the one for an individual author of an entry in a reference work, is modeled on that of a chapter in an edited book or anthology, both which are similar in format to reference works.

Institution or organization name. (Year). Title of entry. In Title of reference work (edition, page numbers). Publisher name.

Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. (1997). Goat. In Merriam Webster’s collegiate dictionary (10 th ed., pp. 499-500). Merriam-Webster, Incorporated.

Entry in a Dictionary, Thesaurus, or Encyclopedia with an Individual Author

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of entry. In F. M. Lastname (ed.), Title of reference work (edition, page numbers). Publisher.

Tatum, S. R. (2009). Spirituality and religion in hip hop literature and culture. In T. L. Stanley (ed.), Encyclopedia of hip hop literature (pp. 250-252). Greenwood.

Work Discussed in a Secondary Source

Provide the source in which the original work was referenced:

Nail, T. (2017). What is an assemblage? SubStance , 46 (1), 21-37. http://sub.uwpress.org/lookup/doi/10.3368/ss.46.1.21

Note: Provide the secondary source in the references list; in the text, name the original work, and give a citation for the secondary source. For example, if Deleuze and Guattari’s work is cited in Nail and you did not read the original work, list the Nail reference in the References. In the text, use the following citation: 

Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of the assemblage (as cited in Nail, 2017)….

Dissertation Abstract

The 7 th edition of the APA manual does not provide specific guidance on how to cite dissertation abstracts. Therefore, this citation models that of a journal article, which is similar in format.

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation. Dissertation Abstracts International , Vol., Page.

Angeli, E. L. (2012). Networks of communication in emergency medical services. Dissertation Abstracts International, 74 , 03(E).

Dissertation or Master’s Thesis, Published

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation/thesis (Publication No.) [Doctoral dissertation/Master’s thesis, Name of Institution Awarding the Degree]. Database or Archive Name.

Angeli, E. L. (2012). Networks of communication in emergency medical services (Publication No. 3544643) [Doctoral dissertation, Purdue University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.

Note: If the dissertation or thesis is not published in a database, include the URL of the site where the document is located.

Dissertation or Master’s Thesis, Unpublished

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation/thesis [Unpublished doctoral dissertation/master’s thesis]. Name of Institution Awarding the Degree. 

Samson, J. M. (2016). Human trafficking and globalization [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Federal or State Statute

Name of Act, Public Law No. (Year). URL

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Publ. L. No. 111-148, 124 Stat. 119 (2010).  https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-111publ148/pdf/PLAW-111publ148.pdf

Report by a Government Agency or Other Organization

Organization Name. (Year). Title of report. URL

United States Government Accountability Office. (2019). Performance and accountability report: Fiscal year 2019 . https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/702715.pdf

Report by Individual Authors at Government Agency or Other Organization

Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of report . Organization Name. URL

Palanker, D., Volk, J., Lucia, K., & Thomas, K. (2018). Mental health parity at risk: Deregulating the individual market and the impact on mental health coverage . National Alliance on Mental Illness. https://www.nami.org/About-NAMI/Publications-Reports/Public-Policy-Reports/Parity-at-Risk/ParityatRisk.pdf  

Conference Proceedings

The 7 th edition of the APA manual does not provide guidance on citing conference proceedings. Therefore, this citation models that of an edited collection, which is similar in format.

Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Eds.). (Year). Title of Proceedings . Publisher. URL (if applicable)

Huang, S., Pierce, R., & Stamey, J. (Eds.). (2006). Proceedings of the 24 th annual ACM international conference on the design of communication . ACM Digital Library. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1166324&picked=prox

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APA 7: References List

  • Introduction to APA Format (7th ed.)
  • Formatting a Paper
  • In-Text Citations
  • References List
  • Getting Research Help

Guidance from APA Style, Purdue OWL, & Excelsior OWL

Reference examples are covered in Chapter 10 of the  APA Publication Manual

  • Reference Examples From APA Style.
  • Reference List: Basic Rules From Purdue OWL.
  • APA References From Excelsior OWL.

Basic Reference List Guidelines

  • A References list refers to the page at the end of your paper listing all the sources you used.
  • Use Reference if just one source.
  • Order citations alphabetically, typically by author last name.
  • Citations should  be double-spaced.
  • For citations that are longer than one line, include a hanging indent after the first line.
  • List author last names and first initials for up to and including 20 authors.
  • Links can be live if you intend for your audience to read your work online.

More About DOIs & URLs

Doi & url guidelines.

  • If an online work has both a DOI and a URL, include only the DOI.
  • If the DOI is not available, treat the work as a print source. 
  • Don't include the URL or database information. 
  • Don't use a period after a DOI. 
  • If the URL is no longer working, try to find an archived version using the  Internet Archive  & use the archived URL. 
  • Don't use a period after a URL. 
  • Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL

How to Add Hanging Indents in Google Docs

This video shares "[h]ow to add hanging indents in Google Docs..." ( Jen Jonson , 0:35).

Merced College Library APA 7 Handout

  • APA 7th ed. Handout From the Merced College Library.

APA Sample Citations

Citation Examples from APA Style

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  • Supplemental reference examples
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Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper.  You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references.  Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document.  Below are documents from Academic Writer about the essential features of their Writing tools.  

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Learn the basics of APA Style, including how to format a manuscript, understand the form and function of common manuscript parts, organize and express your thoughts clearly and precisely, employ the mechanics of style, use graphic elements effectively, credit sources and acknowledge the contributions of others, and construct a comprehensive and reliable reference list.

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Learn how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, including how to identify plagiarism, understand its risks and consequences, cite sources properly, and develop sound writing practices.

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Learn how to set up the title page of an APA Style paper, including the page header and running head, title, author name and affiliation, and author note.

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Purdue Owl: APA Formatting & Style Guide

Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.

Author/Editor (By:)

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Apa manual style guides.

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APA Manual 7th Edition

purdue owl apa reference list

Preparing the Reference List

The reference list is a list of sources used in the research paper.  Sources on the reference list must be cited in the paper's text.  References specifically support the paper and provide the infomation needed to identify and locate each source.  The reference list appears at the end of the paper.  References should begin on anew page separate from the text of the essay and be labeled "References" centered at the top of the page. All text should be double-spaced.

Basic Rules

  • All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation.
  • Authors' names are inverted (last name first); give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work for up to and including seven authors. If the work has more than seven authors, list the first six authors and then use ellipses after the sixth author's name. After the ellipses, list the last author's name of the work.
  • Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
  • For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
  • Present the journal title in full.
  • For example: ReCALL not RECALL or Knowledge Management Research & Practice not Knowledge Management Research and Practice.
  • Capitalize all major words in journal titles.
  • When referring to books, chapters, articles, or webpages, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
  • Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals.
  • Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections.

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Test your ability to use APA format in this quick, interactive exercise !

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APA 7th Edition Citation Guide

  • APA 7th Edition Home
  • Formatting the Paper Itself
  • When and What to Cite
  • In-Text: Multiple Authors
  • In-Text: First and Subsequent Citations
  • In-Text: Authors and Dates Matching
  • In-Text: Direct Quotations
  • In-Text: Secondary Sources
  • Reference Examples: Print
  • Reference Examples: Electronic
  • Reference Examples: Audiovisual Media
  • Step 1: Author (Names)
  • Step 2: Date
  • Step 3: Titles
  • Step 4: Source
  • Help and Training
  • Related Guides

This citation guide is based on The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association  (7th ed., 2020). The contents are accurate to the best of our knowledge.

Content in this guide was copied with permission from Bethel University (TN) Library .

purdue owl apa reference list

Step-by-Step Citations

Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list (except as previously noted, such as Personal Communications); likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.

Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay; label this page "References" (without the quotation marks) centered at the top of the page in bold. All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.

Reference List Basics

  • All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented 1/2-inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation. You can set up Word to do this automatically.
  • If there are 21 or more authors, list the first 19 authors and insert an ellipsis. After the ellipsis, then add the final author's name.
  • Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
  • For multiple articles by the same author (or authors listed in the same order), list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
  • Present the journal title in full.
  • ReCALL , not RECALL
  • Knowledge Management Research & Practice , not Knowledge Management Research and Practice
  • When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, or webpages, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
  • Note that the distinction here is based on the type of source being cited. Academic journal titles have all major words capitalized, while other sources' titles do not.
  • Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals.
  • Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections.

This section was developed from information provided on the Purdue OWL APA Guide .

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Citing Sources: APA Examples

  • APA Examples
  • MLA Examples
  • Chicago/Turabian Examples

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APA Citations Video

Apa citations.

APA uses in-text citations and a reference list at the end.

In-text Citations

In-text citations include the author’s last name and the year of publication in parentheses, i.e.: (Tolkien, 1981).

You can also use the author’s name in your own text, in which case you only need to use the date in the parentheses, i.e.:

According to Tolkien (1981), certain aspects of truth are best received through myth, or story.

If you use a direct quotation, you must include a page number:

 “I believe that legends and myths are largely made of 'truth', and indeed present aspects of it that can only be received in this mode” (Tolkien, 1981, p. 147).

Multiple authors in a parenthetical citation are connected by an ampersand (and for multiple authors with the same last name, include a first initial):

“Tolkien experienced words as a maddening liquor, a phonic ambrosia, tastes of an exquisite, rapturous, higher world” (P. Zaleski & C. Zaleski, 2015, p. 24).

Reference List

Capitalization rules:

Capitalize all major words in newspaper, magazine, and journal names.

For books, chapters, articles, or web pages, only capitalize the first letter and the first letter after a colon or a dash (i.e. the first letter of a subtitle), and any proper noun.

Reference List Examples

Printed Book:

Author, F. M. (Publication year).  Title of book : Subtitle.  Publisher. https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX or URL (if available)

Tolkien, J. R. (1955).  The return of the king . George Allen & Unwin.

Book with Editor(s) or Translator(s):

Author, F. M. (Publication year).  Title of book: Subtitle. F. M. Editor (Ed.). Publisher. https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX or URL (if available)

Tolkien, J. R. (2013).  The letters of J.R.R. Tolkien.  H. Carpenter (Ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Note: if the books has a translator, place the translator’s name in the same spot and the same format as the editor, with (trans.) after it. If the book has no author other than the editor, use the editor’s name like an author’s name (at the start of the citation), with (Ed.) after it.

Author, 
F. M.
(Publication year).  
Title
 of 
book. 
 Publisher name.  https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX or URL (if available)

Duriez, C. (2015). Bedeviled : Lewis, Tolkien and the Shadow of Evil . IVP Books. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com

Book Chapter/Section from Anthology:

Author,
 F. 
M. (Publication year). Chapter title. In F. Editor (Ed.),  Title of book 
 (pp. #-#). Publisher.  https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX or URL (if available)

Lewin, K. (1999). Group decision and social change. In M. Gold (Ed.). The complete social scientist: A Kurt Lewin reader (pp. 265-284). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10319-010

Print Journal

Author, F. M. (Publication year). Article title.  Title of Journal ,  Volume (Issue), #-#.

Hirsch, B. (2014). After the “end of all things”: The long return home to the Shire.  Tolkien Studies , 11 (11), 77-107.

Online Journal with DOI:

Author, F. M. (Publication year). Article title.  Title of Journal ,  Volume (Issue), #-#.  https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX

Munro, R. (2014). The art of the Lord of the Rings: A defense of the aesthetic.  Religion & the Arts , 18 (5), 636-652. https://doi.org/ 10.1163/15685292-01805002

Online Newspaper Article:

Author, F. M. (Year, Month day of publication). Specific webpage or article title . Newspaper Website. URL

Miller, B. (2020, August 28). How 'survivorship bias' can cause you to make mistakes . BBC. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200827-how-survivorship-bias-can-cause-you-to-make-mistakes

Note: if no date information is available, use (n.d.).

Webpage on website with a group author:

Group Name. (Year, Month day). Specific webpage name . URL

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2014). What is the Healthy People 2030 framework? https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/About-Healthy-People/Development-Healthy-People-2030/Framework

Clip Art or Stock Image:

Creator, F. M. (Year). Title of Image [format]. Source. URL

Luebbert, D. W. (Artist). (2012, April 15). Tolkien Daydreams [Digital Image]. Deviant Art. http://lueb-art.deviantart.com/art/Tolkien-Daydreams-296027561

Author, F. M. [@Handle]. (Year, Month Day of publication). Entire tweet [Tweet]. Twitter. URL

Olsen, C. [@Olsen]. (2015, August 8). I've come to the part of @JohnGarthWriter's book where Tolkien's friends are just about to die. V moving and painful. #whatimreading [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/tolkienprof/status/630126084139393024.

YouTube Video or Other Streaming Video:

Author, F. M. [YouTube handle]. (Year, Month Day). Title of video [Video]. YouTube. URL

Grey, C. G. [CGP Grey]. (2014, December 17). The Lord of the Rings mythology explained (part 1) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxgsxaFWWHQ.

Note: if the poster's real name is not available, use their YouTube handle  instead, without brackets.

Personal Interview:

An interview is not considered a recoverable source, so it is not included in your APA reference list. You can cite it in your text, however, as follows:

(C. Tolkien, personal communication, August 14, 2015)

Cochrane Review:

A Cochrane Review is cited similarly to an electronic journal article without volume and issue, including DOI.

Author, F. M. (Publication year). Article title. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.   DOI as https://doi.org/XX.XXXX/XXXX

Arrowsmith, V.A., & Taylor  R. (2014). Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003325.pub3.

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  • APA Citation Style Information

Plagiarism Prevention

Learn more at the slu academic integrity pages, slu academic integrity policy, helpful apa citation style sources.

In addition to the sources below, check out SLU Librarian Jamie Emery's guide  Style Guides & Manuals , including resources for APA, MLA, Chicago & more.

Includes information on APA style citations, as well as information on other citation styles and formatting. This site also includes a variety of other useful writing related information.

APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).

This poster created by Purdue Owl summarizes APA style in a visual format.

The style and grammar guidelines pages present information about APA Style as described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition and the Concise Guide to APA Style, Seventh Edition.

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Citation Resources

  • The Basics of APA 7 Tutorial that covers the basics of seventh edition APA Style, including paper elements, format, bias-free language, in-text citations, paraphrasing, and quotations; and reference list format.
  • OWL at Purdue Writing Center - APA Guide

Avoiding Plagiarism

Guide; Purdue University

The APA Style Guide can be found at the Axinn Library Reference Desk

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APA Citation

American Psychological Association (APA) citation style is used to avoid plagiarism and give credit to others for their work. APA (7th edition) requires:

  • In-Text Citations for each source when paraphrasing and quoting
  • References page with full citation details for each source used
  • APA Style Handout
  • APA Sample Paper
  • APA Sample Annotated Bib
  • APA Style Center
  • APA Template (Word)
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  • Publication Manual of the APA
  • Purdue's Online Writing Lab (OWL)

Consult the Official APA Style Guide

In-Text Citation References Sample Papers

Article (General Format)

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purdue owl apa reference list

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Style by Discipline

Apa formatting guides & examples, key characteristics, apa examples.

  • APA Template
  • Research Help

APA style is usually used in Social Sciences and Psychology and is an author-date system. APA stands for the American Psychological Association.

  • Purdue Owl APA General Format Guidelines
  • APA Style Blog
  • The Basics of APA Style - Tutorial (from APA)
  • APA Documentation Guide (University of Wisconsin, Madison) includes PDF Handout
  • Pre-Formatted Word Document in APA This is a pre-formatted Word document in APA style. Your course instructor may have additional instructions for how the paper should be formatted.

Big Picture

APA style features in-text parenthetical citations , with a focus on author/date, and a corresponding Reference page.

In-Text Citations

  • elements include author's last name, year of publication and page number(s)
  • elements in are separated by commas - Example:   (Arnold, 2015, p. 378)
  • a direct quote requires a page number preceded by p. - Example: ... as the "individuals pronounced vocally and fearlessly" (Smith, 2016, p. 201)
  • page numbers are still encouraged for summary and paraphrase though not necessary - Example: (Goriava & Woodland, 2017)
  • author's name may be excluded if found in the introductory text - Example: Patel (2013) found that .... " " (p. 67)
  • p. used for page; pp. used for multiple pages - Example: (Ramble, 2014, pp. 45-49)
  • works by two authors use the ampersand in the parentheses - Example: (Goriava & Woodland, 2017)

In-Text Citations: The Basics (OWL Purdue) In-Text Citations: Author/Authors (OWL Purdue) When and How to Include Page Numbers in APA Style Citations (APA Blog) Citing References in Text (Basics of APA Style Tutorial)

Reference List ...

  • has the title of References, centered at top
  • includes hanging indents after the first line for each entry
  • is organized alphabetically by the last name of the first author
  • gives initials to first names of authors
  • italicizes book and journal titles
  • capitalizes the first word and the first word after a semi-colon of a journal article title
  • capitalizes all major words in journal titles
  • common elements & order of citation elements:

Reference List: Basic Rules (OWL Purdue) Reference List: Author/Authors (OWL Purdue)

Note: hanging indents not included

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VIDEO

  1. APA

  2. APA Citation Tools

  3. FSU Libraries

  4. Spring 2024 Purdue OWL Website Introduction

  5. APA FORMATTING AND STYLE GUIDE (7TH EDITION) FOR ARTICLES FROM A JOURNAL

  6. Citations: A Beginning (1/24/24)

COMMENTS

  1. Reference List: Basic Rules

    Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work. For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.

  2. APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition)

    The Basics General guidelines for referring to the works of others in your essay Author/Authors How to refer to authors in-text, including single and multiple authors, unknown authors, organizations, etc. Reference List Resources on writing an APA style reference list, including citation formats Basic Rules

  3. General Format

    General Format Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA. You can also watch our APA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel. Cite your source automatically in APA Cite Using citation machines responsibly Powered by General APA Guidelines

  4. Reference List: Other Print Sources

    Research and Citation APA Style (7th Edition) APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition) Reference List: Other Print Sources Reference List: Other Print Sources Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019.

  5. Purdue OWL: APA Formatting: Reference List Basics

    Purdue OWL: APA Formatting: Reference List Basics OWLPurdue 37.3K subscribers Subscribe Subscribed Like 544K views 11 years ago APA This vidcast introduces the viewers to the basics of...

  6. APA Style Guide

    ISBN: 9781433832161 Publication Date: 2019-10-01 The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. Purdue's OWL (Online Writing Lab) provides instruction on how to use APA 7th. Below are a few topics covered by the OWL. APA Style Introduction APA 7th

  7. APA Citation Style

    Citation Management Basics This guide provides an overview of citation management software options, including basic functions and the differences between the various options available, including EndNote, EndNote Web, and Zotero.

  8. APA

    Reference List: The Basics Types of APA Papers APA Changes 6th Edition General APA Facts APA Sample Paper Purdue OWL: Writing Tips Choosing a Topic Where Do I Begin? Developing Strong Thesis Statements Writing a Research Paper Citation Management Citation Management Tools Quick Reference Generators

  9. PDF APA 7th Edition (2020): Citations & Reference List

    For more detailed instructions and a greater variety of examples and scenarios, we recommend referring to the APA Publication Manual (2019) in book format or online (apastyle.apa.org), or the Purdue OWL (owl.purdue.edu). In-Text Citations Overview of In-Text Citations

  10. References List

    A References list refers to the page at the end of your paper listing all the sources you used. The word References should be centered & in bold at the top of the page. Use Reference if just one source. Order citations alphabetically, typically by author last name. Citations should be double-spaced. For citations that are longer than one line ...

  11. PDF Creating an APA Style Reference List Guide

    The reference list contains all the works you cited in the text of your paper. In general, there should be a one-to-one correspondence between the works cited in the text and the works listed in the reference list. An exception is personal communications, which are

  12. APA Formatting and Style Guide

    This resource was written by David Neyhart and Erin Karper. Last full revision by Jodi Wagner. Last edited by Dana Lynn Driscoll on May 17th 2007 at 3:24PM. Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 5th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA ...

  13. PDF Reference Guide

    APA Style Reference Guide for Journal Articles, Books, and Edited Book Chapters, APA Style 7th Edition Author: American Psychological Association Subject: references Keywords: APA Style; 7th edition; reference; journal article; book; chapter in an edited book Created Date: 12/30/2019 10:15:20 AM

  14. Common APA Citation Questions

    Howard and Stern (2017) found,"if you have a quote, you need to cite a page" (p. 56); the broader implication for this is___. Example 3. This paper argues for ____,which is in line with the well-known study where the research team asserted that___ (Parker & Woodward, 2016). NOTE: To learn more about in-text citations, see the Purdue Owl, APA guide.

  15. Library: Purdue Global Library: APA Style Help & Tools

    Using Academic Writer's Writing Tools. Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper. You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references. Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document.

  16. APA Citation Format

    APA 7th Edition Citation Format instructions--Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) APA Style Manual Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed. by American Psychological Association Call Number: BF76.7 .P83 2020 (three copies at HSSE reference desk, one in HICKS) ISBN: 9781433832161 Publication Date: 2020

  17. Purdue Owl: APA Formatting & Style Guide

    /citations/purdue-owl-apa-formatting-style-guide Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.

  18. Reference List: Basic Rules

    Reference List: Basic Rules. Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in Oct 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here. This finding, revised according to the 7 th edition APA Publication Manual, provides fundamental policy for create the reference pages of research papers.

  19. APA Citations

    Purdue OWL APA Style Guide. A very comprehensive guide to using the APA style. APA Style Blog. The Official APA Style Blog. Lots of good quick answers, especially for less common citation questions. ... The reference list is a list of sources used in the research paper. Sources on the reference list must be cited in the paper's text.

  20. LibGuides: APA 7th Edition Citation Guide: Step-by-Step Citations

    This citation guide is based on The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed., 2020). The contents are accurate to the best of our knowledge. ... This section was developed from information provided on the Purdue OWL APA Guide. << Previous: Reference Examples: Audiovisual Media; Next: Step 1: Author (Names) >>

  21. APA Examples

    See chapter 8 - 11 for in-text citation and examples of reference formats. You can find more details for APA 7 citations at the Purdue OWL. APA Basics. APA uses in-text citations and a reference list at the end. ... so it is not included in your APA reference list. You can cite it in your text, however, as follows: (C. Tolkien, personal ...

  22. APA Citation Style Information

    APA Formatting & Style Guide by Purdue Owl. APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the ...

  23. Instructional aids

    These instructional aids will help you improve your APA Style skills. Access free tutorials and webinars, handouts and guides, and sample papers; learn about instructional products such as the Mastering APA Style Student Workbook; and request desk or exam copies of APA Style books as well as ancillary materials related to course adoption.New to APA Style?

  24. Citation: APA 7

    OWL at Purdue Writing Center - APA Guide. Avoiding Plagiarism. Plagiarism Overview. Guide; Purdue University. APA Guide. The APA Style Guide can be found at the Axinn Library Reference Desk. Quick Reference Guide << Previous: Find Books; Next: Find Help >> Last Updated: Feb 14, 2024 9:50 AM; URL: https://libguides.hofstra.edu/MFT204;

  25. APA

    American Psychological Association (APA) citation style is used to avoid plagiarism and give credit to others for their work. APA (7th edition) requires: ... Purdue's Online Writing Lab (OWL) Consult the Official APA Style Guide. In-Text Citation References Sample Papers. Articles Books Databases Websites Other. Articles.

  26. Write & Cite

    Reference citations in text are covered on pages 253-278 of the 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual. What follows are some general guidelines for referring to the works of others in your essay. For specific examples of how to create in-text citations use the Purdue Owl APA Citations: The Basics

  27. LibGuides: NSED 150 (Sinha) 2024: APA Citation Style

    APA style features in-text parenthetical citations, with a focus on author/date, and a corresponding Reference page. In-Text Citations . elements include author's last name, year of publication and page number(s) elements in are separated by commas - Example: (Arnold, 2015, p. 378) a direct quote requires a page number preceded by p.