Why solve a problem twice? Design patterns let you apply existing solutions to your code

Software design patterns are like best practices employed by many experienced software developers. You can use design patterns to make your application scalable and flexible.

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The most satisfying problems in software engineering are those that no one has solved before. Cracking a unique problem is something that you can use in job interviews and talk about in conferences. But the reality is that the majority of challenges you face will have already been solved. You can use those solutions to better your own software.

Software design patterns are typical solutions for the reoccurring design problems in software engineering. They're like the best practices employed by many experienced software developers. You can use design patterns to make your application scalable and flexible .

In this article, you'll discover what design patterns are and how you can apply them to develop better software applications, either from the start or through refactoring your existing code.

Note: Before learning design patterns, you should have a basic understanding of object-oriented programming.

What are design patterns?

Design patterns are solutions to commonly occurring design problems in developing flexible software using object-oriented programming . Design patterns typically use classes and objects, but you can also implement some of them using functional programming . They define how classes should be structured and how they should communicate with one another in order to solve specific problems.

Some beginners may mix up design patterns and algorithms . While an algorithm is a well-defined set of instructions, a design pattern is a higher-level description of a solution. You can implement a design pattern in various ways, whereas you must follow the specific instructions in an algorithm. They don’t solve the problem; they solve the design of the solution.

Design patterns are not blocks of code you can copy and paste to implement. They are like frameworks of solutions with which one can solve a specific problem.

Classification of design patterns

The book, Design Patterns- Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software written by the Gang of Four (Erich Gamma, John Vlissides, Ralph Johnson, and Richard Helm) introduced the idea of design patterns in software development. The book contains 23 design patterns to solve a variety of object-oriented design problems. These patterns are a toolbox of tried and tested solutions for various common problems that you may encounter while developing software applications.

Design patterns vary according to their complexity, level of detail, and scope of applicability for the whole system. They can be classified into three groups based on their purpose:

  • Creational patterns describe various methods for creating objects to increase code flexibility and reuse.
  • Structural patterns describe relations between objects and classes in making them into complex structures while keeping them flexible and efficient.
  • Behavioral patterns define how objects should communicate and interact with one another.

Why should you use design patterns?

You can be a professional software developer even if you don't know a single design pattern. You may be using some design patterns without even knowing them. But knowing design patterns and how to use them will give you an idea of solving a particular problem using the best design principles of object-oriented programming. You can refactor complex objects into simpler code segments that are easy to implement, modify, test, and reuse. You don’t need to confine yourself to one specific programming language; you can implement design patterns in any programming language. They represent the idea, not the implementation.

Design patterns are all about the code. They make you follow the best design principles of software development, such as the open/closed principle ( objects should be open for extension but closed for modification ) and the single responsibility principle ( A class should have only one reason to change ). This article discusses design principles in greater detail.

You can make your application more flexible by using design patterns that break it into reusable code segments. You can add new features to your application without breaking the existing code at any time. Design patterns also enhance the readability of code; if someone wants to extend your application, they will understand the code with little difficulty.

What are useful design patterns?

Every design pattern solves a specific problem. You can use it in that particular situation. When you use design patterns in the wrong context, your code appears complex, with many classes and objects. The following are some examples of the most commonly used design patterns.

Singleton design pattern

Object oriented code has a bad reputation for being cluttered. How can you avoid creating large numbers of unnecessary objects? How can you limit the number of instances of a class? And how can a class control its instantiation?

Using a singleton pattern solves these problems. It’s a creational design pattern that describes how to define classes with only a single instance that will be accessed globally. To implement the singleton pattern, you should make the constructor of the main class private so that it is only accessible to members of the class and create a static method (getInstance) for object creation that acts as a constructor.

how does c# solve real world problems

Here’s the implementation of the singleton pattern in Python.

The above code is the traditional way to implement the singleton pattern, but you can make it easier by using __new__ or creating a metaclass).

You should use this design pattern only when you are 100% certain that your application requires only a single instance of the main class. Singleton pattern has several drawbacks compared to other design patterns:

  • You should not define something in the global scope but singleton pattern provides globally accessible instance.
  • It violates the Single-responsibility principle.

Check out some more drawbacks of using a singleton pattern .

Decorator design pattern

If you’re following SOLID principles (and in general, you should), you’ll want to create objects or entities that are open for extension but closed for modification. How can you extend the functionality of an object at run-time? How can you extend an object’s behavior without affecting the other existing objects? You might consider using inheritance to extend the behavior of an existing object. However, inheritance is static. You can’t modify an object at runtime. Alternatively, you can use the decorator pattern to add additional functionality to objects (subclasses) at runtime without changing the parent class. The decorator pattern ( also known as a wrapper ) is a structural design pattern that lets you cover an existing class with multiple wrappers.

how does c# solve real world problems

For wrappers, it employs abstract classes or interfaces through composition (instead of inheritance). In composition, one object contains an instance of other classes that implement the desired functionality rather than inheriting from the parent class. Many design patterns, including the decorator, are based on the principle of composition. Check out why you should use composition over inheritance .

The above code is the classic way of implementing the decorator pattern. You can also implement it using functions.

The decorator pattern implements the single-responsibility principle. You can split large classes into several small classes, each implementing a specific behavior and extend them afterward. Wrapping the decorators with other decorators increases the complexity of code with multiple layers. Also, it is difficult to remove a specific wrapper from the wrappers' stack.

Strategy design pattern

How can you change the algorithm at the run-time? You might tend to use conditional statements. But if you have many variants of algorithms, using conditionals makes our main class verbose. How can you refactor these algorithms to be less verbose?

The strategy pattern allows you to change algorithms at runtime. You can avoid using conditional statements inside the main class and refactor the code into separate strategy classes. In the strategy pattern, you should define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one and make them interchangeable at runtime.

how does c# solve real world problems

You can easily implement the strategy pattern by creating separate classes for algorithms. You can also implement different strategies as functions instead of using classes.

Here’s a typical implementation of the strategy pattern:

In the above code snippet, the client code is simple and straightforward. But in real-world application, the context changes depend on user actions, like when they click a button or change the level of the game. For example, in a chess application, the computer uses different strategy when you select the level of difficulty.

It follows the single-responsibility principle as the massive content main (context) class is divided into different strategy classes. You can add as many additional strategies as you want while keeping the main class unchanged (open/closed principle). It increases the flexibility of our application. It would be best to use this pattern when your main class has many conditional statements that switch between different variants of the same algorithm. However, if your code contains only a few algorithms, there is no need to use a strategy pattern. It just makes your code look complicated with all of the classes and objects.

State design pattern

Object oriented programming in particular has to deal with the state that the application is currently in. How can you change an object’s behavior based on its internal state? What is the best way to define state-specific behavior?

The state pattern is a behavioral design pattern. It provides an alternative approach to using massive conditional blocks for implementing state-dependent behavior in your main class. Your application behaves differently depending on its internal state, which a user can change at runtime. You can design finite state machines using the state pattern. In the state pattern, you should define separate classes for each state and add transitions between them.

how does c# solve real world problems

State pattern follows both the single-responsibility principle as well as the open/closed principle. You can add as many states and transitions as you want without changing the main class. The state pattern is very similar to the strategy pattern, but a strategy is unaware of other strategies, whereas a state is aware of other states and can switch between them. If your class (or state machine) has a few states or rarely changes, you should avoid using the state pattern.

Command design pattern

The command pattern is a behavioral design pattern that encapsulates all the information about a request into a separate command object. Using the command pattern, you can store multiple commands in a class to use them over and over. It lets you parameterize methods with different requests, delay or queue a request’s execution, and support undoable operations. It increases the flexibility of your application.

how does c# solve real world problems

A command pattern implements the single-responsibility principle, as you have divided the request into separate classes such as invokers, commands, and receivers. It also follows the open/closed principle. You can add new command objects without changing the previous commands.

Suppose you want to implement reversible operations (like undo/redo) using a command pattern. In that case, you should maintain a command history: a stack containing all executed command objects and the application’s state. It consumes a lot of RAM, and sometimes it is impossible to implement an efficient solution. You should use the command pattern if you have many commands to execute; otherwise, the code may become more complicated since you’re adding a separate layer of commands between senders and receivers.

According to most software design principles including the well-established SOLID principles, you should write reusable code and extendable applications. Design patterns allow you to develop flexible, scalable, and maintainable object-oriented software using best practices and design principles. All the design patterns are tried and tested solutions for various recurring problems. Even if you don't use them right away, knowing about them will give you a better understanding of how to solve different types of problems in object-oriented design. You can implement the design patterns in any programming language as they are just the description of the solution, not the implementation.

If you’re going to build large-scale applications, you should consider using design patterns because they provide a better way of developing software. If you’re interested in getting to know these patterns better, consider implementing each design pattern in your favorite programming language.

Computing Learner

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Using the Graph Data Structure to solve real-world problems in C#

The graph data structure has many applications. This post will teach you how to use it to solve a real-world problem.

To solve the problem I’m showing you here, you can use the implementation for the undirected simple graph data structure .

Table of Contents

Graph adt operations, c# code for the console app, sample of output.

When you want to use a data structure to solve problems, it is important to know the available operations.

Find below the general graph ADT operations defined as an interface in C#:

Now, using these operations, we will solve the following problem.

Problem 1: Friendship relations in a group of students

Imagine that a graph is used to model friendship relations in a group of students. Create a console application that:

  • given a name of a specific student, prints on the screen the names of all the friends of that student.
  • Is there a student that does not have any friends?
  • given the name of two students, are they friends?

You can implement the first task by using the method adjacentsTo from the graph data structure. Notice that this method returns all the adjacent nodes to the node used as a parameter.

In the second case, you can just apply the basic algorithm for searching .

Find below the implementation of the console app. Notice that there are comments in the code so you can understand better the example.

In the picture below you can find an example of out. Notice this output is relative to the input.

graph data structure usage example in C# network of friends

In this post, you used a graph data structure to model a real-life situation: a student friendship network.

As you could see, you can use the methods defined in the ADT Graph to answer questions like, who are the friends of a certain student? Which student does not have any friends, and so on.

For you to keep practicing, I recommend you extend the implementation provided above to answer the following question:

  • Print the name of the student that has more friends. Hint: use the maximum basic algorithm .

H@ppy coding!

Related posts:

  • Undirected Simple Graph Data Structure Implementation in C#
  • Queue Data Structure in C#
  • Stack Data Structure in C#
  • General Tree Data Structure implementation in C# (with examples)
  • General Tree Data Structure Example in C#: Printing levels of the Tic-tac-toe Game Tree

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Decode the Coding Interview in C#: Real-World Examples

Does knowing X number of programming languages make you a developer?

No. It just means you can make something that someone else told you to build.

Sadly, many companies will interview based on irrelevant technical knowledge alone (which doesn’t test if you can think for yourself, etc.)

You need to be someone who can first identify problems within a company or community. Then, you can decide whether or not building software is a good fit for solving it.

What are some other skills and qualities that will help you become a quality developer?

  • Ability to work with a team in a positive and encouraging manner
  • Back-end to database
  • Front-end to API
  • Back-end to API
  • Recognizing and knowing fixes for “code smells”
  • How the business/product should influence your code’s structure
  • Knowing the different ways to organize code and the trade-offs between them
  • Onion architecture
  • Hexagonal architecture
  • Object-oriented
  • Declarative vs. procedural

That is by no means an exhaustive list - but are fundamental to becoming a quality developer.

If you don’t know most of these topics then I would suggest learning a little bit about each one in general.

Then, pick a few to really dive into.

Knowing some of these really well can help you stand out among your peers.

But that’s a topic for another day.

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The Modern C# Challenge: Become an expert C# programmer by solving interesting programming problems

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Gemini 1.5: Our next-generation model, now available for Private Preview in Google AI Studio

February 15, 2024

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Last week, we released Gemini 1.0 Ultra in Gemini Advanced. You can try it out now by signing up for a Gemini Advanced subscription . The 1.0 Ultra model, accessible via the Gemini API, has seen a lot of interest and continues to roll out to select developers and partners in Google AI Studio .

Today, we’re also excited to introduce our next-generation Gemini 1.5 model , which uses a new Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) approach to improve efficiency. It routes your request to a group of smaller "expert” neural networks so responses are faster and higher quality.

Developers can sign up for our Private Preview of Gemini 1.5 Pro , our mid-sized multimodal model optimized for scaling across a wide-range of tasks. The model features a new, experimental 1 million token context window, and will be available to try out in  Google AI Studio . Google AI Studio is the fastest way to build with Gemini models and enables developers to easily integrate the Gemini API in their applications. It’s available in 38 languages across 180+ countries and territories .

1,000,000 tokens: Unlocking new use cases for developers

Before today, the largest context window in the world for a publicly available large language model was 200,000 tokens. We’ve been able to significantly increase this — running up to 1 million tokens consistently, achieving the longest context window of any large-scale foundation model. Gemini 1.5 Pro will come with a 128,000 token context window by default, but today’s Private Preview will have access to the experimental 1 million token context window.

We’re excited about the new possibilities that larger context windows enable. You can directly upload large PDFs, code repositories, or even lengthy videos as prompts in Google AI Studio. Gemini 1.5 Pro will then reason across modalities and output text.

Upload multiple files and ask questions We’ve added the ability for developers to upload multiple files, like PDFs, and ask questions in Google AI Studio. The larger context window allows the model to take in more information — making the output more consistent, relevant and useful. With this 1 million token context window, we’ve been able to load in over 700,000 words of text in one go. Gemini 1.5 Pro can find and reason from particular quotes across the Apollo 11 PDF transcript. 
[Video sped up for demo purposes]
Query an entire code repository The large context window also enables a deep analysis of an entire codebase, helping Gemini models grasp complex relationships, patterns, and understanding of code. A developer could upload a new codebase directly from their computer or via Google Drive, and use the model to onboard quickly and gain an understanding of the code. Gemini 1.5 Pro can help developers boost productivity when learning a new codebase.  
Add a full length video Gemini 1.5 Pro can also reason across up to 1 hour of video. When you attach a video, Google AI Studio breaks it down into thousands of frames (without audio), and then you can perform highly sophisticated reasoning and problem-solving tasks since the Gemini models are multimodal. Gemini 1.5 Pro can perform reasoning and problem-solving tasks across video and other visual inputs.  

More ways for developers to build with Gemini models

In addition to bringing you the latest model innovations, we’re also making it easier for you to build with Gemini:

Easy tuning. Provide a set of examples, and you can customize Gemini for your specific needs in minutes from inside Google AI Studio. This feature rolls out in the next few days. 
New developer surfaces . Integrate the Gemini API to build new AI-powered features today with new Firebase Extensions , across your development workspace in Project IDX , or with our newly released Google AI Dart SDK . 
Lower pricing for Gemini 1.0 Pro . We’re also updating the 1.0 Pro model, which offers a good balance of cost and performance for many AI tasks. Today’s stable version is priced 50% less for text inputs and 25% less for outputs than previously announced. The upcoming pay-as-you-go plans for AI Studio are coming soon.

Since December, developers of all sizes have been building with Gemini models, and we’re excited to turn cutting edge research into early developer products in Google AI Studio . Expect some latency in this preview version due to the experimental nature of the large context window feature, but we’re excited to start a phased rollout as we continue to fine-tune the model and get your feedback. We hope you enjoy experimenting with it early on, like we have.

Read our research on: Immigration & Migration | Podcasts | Election 2024

Regions & Countries

How americans view the situation at the u.s.-mexico border, its causes and consequences, 80% say the u.s. government is doing a bad job handling the migrant influx.

how does c# solve real world problems

Pew Research Center conducted this study to understand the public’s views about the large number of migrants seeking to enter the U.S. at the border with Mexico. For this analysis, we surveyed 5,140 adults from Jan. 16-21, 2024. Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories. Read more about the ATP’s methodology .

Here are the questions used for the report and its methodology .

The growing number of migrants seeking entry into the United States at its border with Mexico has strained government resources, divided Congress and emerged as a contentious issue in the 2024 presidential campaign .

Chart shows Why do Americans think there is an influx of migrants to the United States?

Americans overwhelmingly fault the government for how it has handled the migrant situation. Beyond that, however, there are deep differences – over why the migrants are coming to the U.S., proposals for addressing the situation, and even whether it should be described as a “crisis.”

Factors behind the migrant influx

Economic factors – either poor conditions in migrants’ home countries or better economic opportunities in the United States – are widely viewed as major reasons for the migrant influx.

About seven-in-ten Americans (71%), including majorities in both parties, cite better economic opportunities in the U.S. as a major reason.

There are wider partisan differences over other factors.

About two-thirds of Americans (65%) say violence in migrants’ home countries is a major reason for why a large number of immigrants have come to the border.

Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents are 30 percentage points more likely than Republicans and Republican leaners to cite this as a major reason (79% vs. 49%).

By contrast, 76% of Republicans say the belief that U.S. immigration policies will make it easy to stay in the country once they arrive is a major factor. About half as many Democrats (39%) say the same.

For more on Americans’ views of these and other reasons, visit Chapter 2.

How serious is the situation at the border?

A sizable majority of Americans (78%) say the large number of migrants seeking to enter this country at the U.S.-Mexico border is eithera crisis (45%) or a major problem (32%), according to the Pew Research Center survey, conducted Jan. 16-21, 2024, among 5,140 adults.

Related: Migrant encounters at the U.S.-Mexico border hit a record high at the end of 2023 .

Chart shows Border situation viewed as a ‘crisis’ by most Republicans; Democrats are more likely to call it a ‘problem’

  • Republicans are much more likely than Democrats to describe the situation as a “crisis”: 70% of Republicans say this, compared with just 22% of Democrats.
  • Democrats mostly view the situation as a major problem (44%) or minor problem (26%) for the U.S. Very few Democrats (7%) say it is not a problem.

In an open-ended question , respondents voice their concerns about the migrant influx. They point to numerous issues, including worries about how the migrants are cared for and general problems with the immigration system.

Yet two concerns come up most frequently:

  • 22% point to the economic burdens associated with the migrant influx, including the strains migrants place on social services and other government resources.
  • 22% also cite security concerns. Many of these responses focus on crime (10%), terrorism (10%) and drugs (3%).

When asked specifically about the impact of the migrant influx on crime in the United States, a majority of Americans (57%) say the large number of migrants seeking to enter the country leads to more crime. Fewer (39%) say this does not have much of an impact on crime in this country.

Republicans (85%) overwhelmingly say the migrant surge leads to increased crime in the U.S. A far smaller share of Democrats (31%) say the same; 63% of Democrats instead say it does not have much of an impact.

Government widely criticized for its handling of migrant influx

For the past several years, the federal government has gotten low ratings for its handling of the situation at the U.S.-Mexico border. (Note: The wording of this question has been modified modestly to reflect circumstances at the time).

Chart shows Only about a quarter of Democrats and even fewer Republicans say the government has done a good job dealing with large number of migrants at the border

However, the current ratings are extraordinarily low.

Just 18% say the U.S. government is doing a good job dealing with the large number of migrants at the border, while 80% say it is doing a bad job, including 45% who say it is doing a very bad job.

  • Republicans’ views are overwhelmingly negative (89% say it’s doing a bad job), as they have been since Joe Biden became president.
  • 73% of Democrats also give the government negative ratings, the highest share recorded during Biden’s presidency.

For more on Americans’ evaluations of the situation, visit Chapter 1 .

Which policies could improve the border situation?

There is no single policy proposal, among the nine included on the survey, that majorities of both Republicans and Democrats say would improve the situation at the U.S.-Mexico border. There are areas of relative agreement, however.

A 60% majority of Americans say that increasing the number of immigration judges and staff in order to make decisions on asylum more quickly would make the situation better. Only 11% say it would make things worse, while 14% think it would not make much difference.

Nearly as many (56%) say creating more opportunities for people to legally immigrate to the U.S. would make the situation better.

Chart shows Most Democrats and nearly half of Republicans say boosting resources for quicker decisions on asylum cases would improve situation at Mexico border

Majorities of Democrats say each of these proposals would make the border situation better.

Republicans are less positive than are Democrats; still, about 40% or more of Republicans say each would improve the situation, while far fewer say they would make things worse.

Opinions on other proposals are more polarized. For example, a 56% majority of Democrats say that adding resources to provide safe and sanitary conditions for migrants arriving in the U.S. would be a positive step forward.

Republicans not only are far less likely than Democrats to view this proposal positively, but far more say it would make the situation worse (43%) than better (17%).

Chart shows Wide partisan gaps in views of expanding border wall, providing ‘safe and sanitary conditions’ for migrants

Building or expanding a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border was among the most divisive policies of Donald Trump’s presidency. In 2019, 82% of Republicans favored expanding the border wall , compared with just 6% of Democrats.

Today, 72% of Republicans say substantially expanding the wall along the U.S. border with Mexico would make the situation better. Just 15% of Democrats concur, with most saying either it would not make much of a difference (47%) or it would make things worse (24%).

For more on Americans’ reactions to policy proposals, visit Chapter 3 .

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Table of contents, fast facts on how greeks see migrants as greece-turkey border crisis deepens, americans’ immigration policy priorities: divisions between – and within – the two parties, from the archives: in ’60s, americans gave thumbs-up to immigration law that changed the nation, around the world, more say immigrants are a strength than a burden, latinos have become less likely to say there are too many immigrants in u.s., most popular.

About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts .

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    This is an introduction to how challenges on Edabit work. In the Code tab above you'll see a starter function that looks like this:public class Program{ public static bool ReturnTrue() { }}All you have to do is type return true; between the curly braces { } and then click the Check button. If you did this ….

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    In a nutshell, generics solves the problem of having to use loosely typed objects. For example, consider ArrayList vs List<T>. It allows you to have a strongly typed collection. list [0] will return type T vs arrayList [0] which will return type object. But, you can do more with generics than just collections.

  14. c# coding challenge (real world problem solving challenge)

    1 Sort by: Open comment sort options TehNolz • 3 yr. ago How about creating something with ASP.NET (or Blazor)? It's a very popular and widely used C# web framework. You could also try doing something with EntityFramework, Microsoft's C# ORM which is also very popular.

  15. The modern C# challenge : become an expert C# programmer by solving

    There may be many ways to solve a problem and there is often no single right way, but some solutions are definitely better than others. This book has combined these solutions to help you solve real-world problems with C#. In addition to describing programming trade-offs, The Modern C# Challenge will help you build a useful toolkit of techniques ...

  16. C# Sharp programming Exercises, Practice, Solution

    C# is an elegant and type-safe object-oriented language that enables developers to build a variety of secure and robust applications that run on the .NET Framework. You can use C# to create Windows client applications, XML Web services, distributed components, client-server applications, database applications, and much, much more. ...

  17. The Modern C# Challenge: Become an expert C# programmer by solving

    This book has combined these solutions to help you solve real-world problems with C#. In addition to describing programming trade-offs, The Modern C# Challenge will help you build a useful toolkit of techniques such as value caching, statistical analysis, and geometric algorithms.

  18. What are good C# Problems to solve for practice? [closed]

    They wanted a method where when you input d it printed out a multiplication table of column header times row headers up to D. for example if d=2, it would do a table with 1 times 1, 1 times 2, 2 times 1 and 2 times 2. I eventually figured it out (albeit with some help from the interviewers).

  19. Quora

    We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us.

  20. Gemini 1.5: Our next-generation model, now available for Private

    Posted by Jaclyn Konzelmann and Wiktor Gworek - Google Labs. Last week, we released Gemini 1.0 Ultra in Gemini Advanced. You can try it out now by signing up for a Gemini Advanced subscription.The 1.0 Ultra model, accessible via the Gemini API, has seen a lot of interest and continues to roll out to select developers and partners in Google AI Studio.

  21. c#

    Real world programming skills: something you could do for a living, in a professional environment. Come up with an idea, it doesn't need to be the GREATEST idea ever... then write it. Write it in a professional manner. Use version control, even for a personal project. Have a ticket system, even for a personal project.

  22. c#

    A real world example, Like I have contract with Jack that I will give him 5 dollars at the same time I also have contract with Ben that I will give him 5 dollars, now by providing 5 dollars to one of them (either Jack or Ben) how can I say I have fulfilled the contract with both of them? My question may seem childish but that is confusing me a lot.

  23. The U.S.-Mexico Border: How Americans View the Situation, Its Causes

    Democrats mostly view the situation as a major problem (44%) or minor problem (26%) for the U.S. Very few Democrats (7%) say it is not a problem. In an open-ended question, respondents voice their concerns about the migrant influx. They point to numerous issues, including worries about how the migrants are cared for and general problems with ...