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Cambridge english: c1 advanced (cae) writing.

Difficulty level : C1 / advanced What is the Advanced (CAE) Writing test like? The test has two sections and takes 90 minutes:

  • Part 1 - Write an essay with a discursive focus Some material to read (up to 150 words) which may include material taken from advertisements, extracts from letters, emails, postcards, diaries, short articles, etc. Using this information, write an essay with a discursive focus. 220–260 words.
  • Part 2 - Situationally based writing task Choose one of four questions. You have to read some input material and write one of the following: a letter/email , a proposal, a report or a review . 220–260 words.

Scoring The Advanced (CAE) Writing Test makes up 20% of the entire exam.

Your writing is assessed using four criteria:

  • Content - have you answered the question?
  • Communicative Achievement - have you completed the task in the right sort of language
  • Organisation - have you structured your writing with paragraphs?
  • Language - have you used a good range of grammar and vocabulary

How to prepare for the Advanced (CAE) Writing test

  • Choose a question that you are interested in. You will write better if you know the subject.

Read this explanation of how to write an article .

  • Read the instructions carefully before you start. Make notes. You must include all the points in the instructions.
  • Make a plan before you start writing. Decide what information to put in each paragraph.
  • Think about who you are writing to and use an appropriate style of language.
  • Try to use a range of complex language.
  • Leave enough time to check what you have written.

CAE Writing tests

  • Writing part 1 (essay)
  • Writing part 2 (email)
  • Writing part 2 (brochure)
  • Writing part 2 (letter of application)
  • Writing part 2 (review)
  • Writing part 2 (letter to a newspaper)

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Teacher Phill

Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE): How to Write an Essay

CAE - Essay Writing

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Introduction

An essay in the C1 Advanced Writing paper is usually written for an academic tutor and may be written as a follow-up to a class activity, such as attending a seminar or watching a documentary. The main purpose of the task is to underline relevant salient issues on the stated topic, and to support an argument with subsidiary points and reasons. An essay should be well organised, with an introduction, clear development and an appropriate conclusion. It should hold the target reader’s attention and communicate complex ideas using an appropriate range of vocabulary and structures. Source: Cambridge English C1 Advanced handbook for teachers

Essays are part of the first section of the CAE Writing paper. The task is mandatory, which means that you always have to write an essay unlike the other texts ( emails/letter , proposals , reviews , reports ) where you can choose which one you would like to tackle in the exam.

Essay writing is not that difficult…

…if you know what you are doing. For most students, essay writing feels like this huge obstacle that they won’t be able to clear when, in fact, it is not as bad as you might think.

Just like every other writing task in C1 Advanced you can apply a specific structure because the different tasks share the same characteristics. Obviously, the topic changes and the input you get from the question differs, but, essentially, it is like repeating the same task over and over again. For this, you can become pretty good at essay writing in a short time just by practising regularly until most of it becomes almost automatic for you.

Long story short, in this article I’m going to take you by the hand and guide you through all the different aspects of essay writing. We’re going to see what a typical essay task looks like, the structure and language and, of course, common problems and mistakes you should avoid on your way to mastering essays.

What a typical essay task looks like

As mentioned earlier, essay tasks in C1 Advanced look very similar to each other and once you understand what those common features are, you will see that everything becomes a lot easier. A typical task might look like the one below:

how to write an article c1

Every essay writing task looks like this with the content changing, but the structure staying exactly the same.

There are also a few things highlighted for you in bold which are definitely important for you to consider when you plan and, later, write your text.

First of all, in the bigger box there is always the question you have to answer and three option s to choose from and, as the rubric tells you, you have to pick two of them . These two points need to be discussed and compared and then you explain (with reasons!) which option you think is better, more suitable, nicer or whatever the task asks you to do (Here: Which facility is it more important for local authorities to give money to?).

Apart from that, you are also gifted a few ideas in the smaller of the two boxes . You can use these in your essay (You don’t have to.), but make sure that you don’t just copy them word for word. Instead, paraphrase them and make them your own, or simply come up with your own ideas.

If you have ever written a Cambridge B2 First essay , you will immediately see the similarities between the tasks, but in C1 Advanced there is less support for you and you have to make more decisions on your own before you can even start to make a plan for your text. Read the whole task very carefully and then choose wisely based on what feels best for you in any given case .

Formal or informal language in an essay?

I’ll keep this short for you because this works in every single task: Keep your language formal , which means no contractions ( I’m , don’t , etc.), no colloquial expressions ( Hey, what’s up? , I liked it heaps ., etc.), and no slang or phrasal verbs that convey informality ( I’m bursting vs. I have had enough to eat; carry on vs. continue).

How to organise your essay

OK, we know now what we have to do and what kind of language we have to use so it’s time to look at the organisation and structure of a good essay.

When organising a piece of writing you should always think about what it is that you have to include in your text. In a C1 Advanced essay there are basically four things:

  • First topic point
  • Second topic point

From that, we can make four paragraphs and this applies to every single essay you are going to write to practise or in the official exam.

Let’s have another look at our example from earlier. The three options are museums, sports centres and public gardens. Museums and sports centres are both buildings and probably similar to talk about so I’m going to choose sports centres and public parks, just because we can contrast them better in my opinion.

Adding our two topic points to the list from before, this specific essay structure looks like this:

  • Sports centres
  • Public parks

So there you go. I think that the process up this point is fairly simple and from there most students jump right into the deep end and start to write their essay – but not so fast!

Plan before you start writing

One of the most crucial yet most undervalued tools for excellent writing is a good plan. Unfortunately, I see too many students skip this step and they often end up revising their texts over and over until they run out of time and the result is still not satisfactory.

Please don’t make the same mistake. It takes around five minutes to make a plan which helps you organise your thoughts and ideas in a way that makes sense. You will be able to focus on your language and arguments instead of worrying about possibly forgetting to include content while saving you time. It works and you should do it as well.

To make your plan just take the list we created above and add a couple of thoughts to each point so you know what you want to write about.

  • Introduction (panel discussion, local authorities, sports centres & public gardens –> Which one is more important?)
  • Sports centres (public health, wide variety of activities, social aspect)
  • Public parks (green lung of the city, place to relax from city life, social outdoor activities)
  • Conclusion (sports centres better choice –> more variety, more social, greater health benefits)

It took me 4 minutes to create this plan. I used the idea from the task for sports centres (“Sports centrs mean healthier people.”), but I paraphrased it (public health) while the idea for public parks seems too vague for me so I left it out. Remember that it is optional to include these thoughts in your essay. if you feel that you have better ones, go for it.

The different parts of an essay

So far, we’ve looked at a typical essay task and we put everything in order. The next step, of course, is to put our pen to paper and turn our ideas into a great essay. Please be aware that these are simply my recommendations and if you feel that they are helpful, you’re welcome, and if not, modify them or change whatever you think makes more sense for you.

The introduction to your essay serves several different purposes. It presents the topic/question to the reader and puts it in context, introduces the topic points you are going to discuss and creates interest and anticipation in the reader.

All of this sounds like an awful lot of stuff to include, but with a little bit of practice you’ll find out that it is a fairly repeatable process. Once you’ve got the hang of it, you’ll produce one great introduction after another without having to think about it too much.

With all that being said, let’s look at a possible introduction for our example task.

In recent years, public funding for local facilities has become more problematic for many towns, which has become more obvious to me after listening to a panel on the financial needs of several different local facilities like sports centres and public parks. As these places battle for funds, the main question is which ones deserve the money more.

Let’s have a closer look at this intro. At the beginning the whole issue is put into the context of the financial problems many local authorities have experienced. Sports centres and public parks as our two topic points are included as well and, last but not least, a question is asked to create a little more interest in the reader.

With all our boxes being ticked we can now move on to the next part of the essay.

After you finish your introduction, you can turn your attention towards the main topic paragraphs. These are called ‘the body’ of you essay. I always compare it to a hamburger where the introduction and the conclusion are the bread bun while the patty, lettuce, tomatoes and sauce are the body. You want to make your essay tasty so make sure that the body is just as great as your intro.

Your topic paragraphs should be longer than the introduction and conclusion, but at the same time balanced and about the same length between the two of them. Remember, however, to stay within the limit of 220-260 words total.

A couple of characteristics that are useful and important for every topic paragraph are the following:

  • Start with a topic sentence that makes it clear what the paragraph is about.
  • Always support your arguments with reasons and/or examples .
  • Avoid being too personal unless you give your own opinion at the end of the paragraph.

This is not rocket science, but let me show you what I mean in a couple of examples.

It is widely known that sports centres provide many different benefits to the local community. Someone on the panel mentioned that, from a public-health standpoint, it is crucial to offer opportunities to exercise in order to keep everyone healthy physically as well as mentally due to the social character of sports. In addition to that, exercise comes in many different shapes and forms, from team sports to individual activities like swimming, so there is something for everyone to enjoy in a dedicated group of people. While green spaces in a town or city have their own benefits, it can be difficult to maintain such large areas in order to keep parks pleasant and inviting to everyone. Nevertheless, considered by many as the green lung of a city their use as a refuge from hectic city life cannot be debated, and groups of people as well as individuals can be seen following their favourite pastime or socialising with others, which makes the discussion about allocating funds even more difficult.

At the beginning of each paragraph it immediately becomes clear what to expect as I mention sports centres and public parks (green spaces, parks). I managed to include all the points from our plan and I supported my arguments with some examples . Also, you can see that, for example, I didn’t use the word ‘I’ in these paragraphs at all even though my opinion on each point is pretty clear. Instead, I used more general statements (“It is widely known that…”, “considered by many as…”, “…can be seen”) which help convey your opinion without simply stating it .

Last but not least, both parts are balanced in terms of their length, but I don’t want you to think that they have to be perfectly equal. If there is good reason to give one part a little bit more attention over the other, that’s fine. For example, you can say in your essay that one of the ideas is more complex than the other, which tells the examiner that you actually thought about this instead of just having messed up your text. Be clear about it and think it through before you even start writing.

Finally, the conclusion of your essay is there to summarise and to give your opinion on the topic as well as to answer the question in the task (Which facilities should receive money from local authorities?). Your opinion can be nuanced and doesn’t have to be simply black or white as long as you can justify what you say.

In our example, a conclusion might look something like this:

Taking into account all the positions from above I come to the conclusion that funding should be allocated to both facilities as they provide essential resources to the local community. However, due to their more social character and possibly greater public health benefits I would give more funds to sports centres.

There you have it. The conclusion summarises the findings from the body of the essay and I answered the question giving my opinion. That’s really all you have to do in order to finish off your text well.

Time to start practising

With all the information provided in this article I hope you feel ready to start your journey to become an excellent essay writer. As you can see, the structure is clear and the tasks are always similar. Practise regularly in order to improve until essay writing becomes second nature for you.

Lots of love,

Teacher Phill 🙂

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An opinion essay

An opinion essay

Learn how to write an opinion essay.

Do the preparation task first. Then read the text and tips and do the exercises.

Preparation

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Some people think that some types of criminals should not go to prison. Instead they should do unpaid work in the community. To what extent do you agree?

Owing to the great variety of crimes that can be punishable by prison, some people argue that not all criminals are the same and it would therefore be more appropriate to give certain criminals community service instead. I agree that in some cases, prison may not be the best solution and community service would probably have more benefits.

One justification given for prisons is to keep society safe by removing criminals from the outside world. So the first thing to consider is if someone who has broken the law is a danger to other people. In the case of violent crime, there is an argument to keep the perpetrator away from society. However, burglary or possession of drugs, for example, does not involve violence against other people so the criminal does not present a direct danger to anyone in the community. Keeping these types of criminals in prison is expensive for the taxpayer and does not appear to be an effective punishment as they often commit the same crime again when they come out of prison.

Personally, I also believe punishments should reform people so they do not reoffend. A further reason not to put these people in prison is that they may mix with more dangerous and violent criminals, potentially committing a worse crime when they are released. By keeping them in the community, helping others, they not only learn new skills, but they could also develop more empathy and care towards others. If this occurs, society can only benefit.

Critics of this more rehabilitative approach to crime believe that justice should be harsh in order to deter people from committing similar crimes and that community service could be less likely to have that effect. However, there is very little evidence to suggest that long prison sentences deter criminals.

In conclusion, putting criminals who are not a danger to society in prison is expensive and, in my opinion, ineffective, both as a deterrent and as a form of rehabilitation. Community service for non-violent crimes benefits both society and the offender. That said, it would be useful to have more data to work out whether community service or prison is more likely to stop someone reoffending. I strongly believe that decisions on how best to deal with criminals should be based on evidence of what actually works.

  • Introduce your essay by restating the question in your own words.
  • If the essay asks you to what extent do you agree?,  make your opinion clear throughout. You can either agree, partially agree or disagree with the statement, explaining and justifying your opinion.
  • Introduction
  • The first reason why you agree/disagree
  • The second reason why you agree/disagree
  • The third reason why you agree/disagree (if you have one)
  • Use phrases to organise and link your ideas, e.g. Owing to … , One justification for … , The first thing to consider is … , A further reason … , In conclusion ... .
  • If you do not have solid evidence for your ideas, use modal verbs such as might , may or could  (e.g. they could  develop more empathy and care ) or other tentative phrases (e.g. it does not appear to be an effective punishment ).
  • Conclude by restating your opinion and summarising your two or three main arguments.

Do you agree that community service is better than prison for some crimes?

Language level

Good day Sir/Madam,

I would like to ask about the expression ‘So the first thing is to…’. In academic and formal writing, should I avoid using ‘thing’ or ‘so’ or is it still fine? Thanks a lot for taking your time to read this. Hope to hear from you.

Your sincerely, Kimmie

  • Log in or register to post comments

Thanks for your question. In academic and formal writing, there is a general preference for precision over vagueness, so generally speaking it's better to avoid this usage of  so  and  thing  and use more precise and academic terms when they are available (e.g. Therefore, the first factor/issue to consider is ... ).

However, if you search academic writing, you will find writers do use  thing  sometimes, especially in fixed phrases (e.g.  the first thing /   the same thing ) or technical terms ( e.g. the Internet of Things ). Some writers might also use more general terms first before moving onto more precise terms.

(Note: The essay on the page above is in a somewhat formal style but not very formal.)

I hope that helps.

LearnEnglish team

Hi Jonathan

This is immensely valuable for me. Thank you so much for your swift response. Hope you have a nice day.

In my country it is often debated whether community services are better than prison for certain crimes. I think it's pretty obvious that it should be an option for less important faults. However, sometimes it happens that a judge decides to grant this benefit to some type of powerful criminals who cause more significant damage to society than others who do not have the same possibility, such as financial criminals or corrupt government agents. In my opinion, these types of sentences can have a bad impact on people, since they see that these behaviors are not severely punished and are somehow protected by the law. In conclusion, I agree that certain types of crimes should avoid prison, but I believe that before implementing it, the society must agree on which crimes will be able to enjoy this possibility to ensure that justice is fair for all.

please approve for testing

Hello aaron,

We check all comments before publishing them, which is why it's taken some time for your comment to be published.

Normally we delete a comment like this -- and we deleted the other one you made -- but have let this one through so you can see that it works. 

We are a small team, so it can sometimes be several hours before comments are published -- just wanted to tell you for the future.

We look forward to hearing more from you!

All the best, Kirk LearnEnglish team

The subject of how criminals should be punished is complicated, there are a lot of different opinions defending their points of view. There are two main ideas the first is arresting all the offenders, and the second idea is separating those not dangerous to society, and sending them to work in the community. In my opinion, I agree with the second idea, because there are many expenses with the prisons and the prisoners, so if lessen the population in this environment the conditions and the quality could be better than if there were overpopulation, avoiding justice being done right. Furthermore, these people aren't violent and dangerous to others, so with bad company in the prison, they might become bad people too. In this case, it's an awful idea to mix a different kind of person. Therefore, it's an excellent suggestion to oblige these people to do work in society, but with supervision in the right way and strictly.

On account of the differences between several types of crimes, not all criminals should be sent to prison. It is suggested that giving certain offenders community service would be more appropriate than just jailing them.

Honestly, I completely agree that the right way to protect people from harm is to imprison criminals who conduct violent crimes that endanger human physical health. Nevertheless, this penalty may be ineffective with offenders who have administrative guilts or non-violent offenses. Since they often commit the same crime after getting out of prison, this is just a temporary punishment to ensure the security of citizens for a certain period. The nature of the problem is these crimes originate from greed and bad habits which lead to their deviant behaviors but have not yet resulted in such severe consequences that affect human life.

From my perspective, the government would rather reform these types of offenders than deter them as a kind of punishment. It is better to have an alternative that perceptively impacts these people’s awareness which is to make them do community service. Jailing these criminals just increases their hatred and develops antisocial personality. By keeping and controlling them in a community, besides learning new skills, they amend their bad manner as well as develop more empathy and care towards others.

Given these points, the application of punishment should be based on the nature of each specific crime. Prisons should only be used for perpetrators committing directly dangerous crimes to people's lives. Making non-violent criminals do community service is more of a practical way to optimize tax wasted for prisons as well as give them a chance to fix their wrong behaviors.

There are several types of crimes and for each of them, a different sentence is dictated. A paramount question to be considered is whether community servers are more accurate than prisons for some crimes.

To begin with, community servers would help and support criminals through specialized psychologists. Not only would community servers help and support them, but also it would give them jobs to help them give the society back a contribution in return.

In addition, prisons only contribute to worsening the situation owing to the fact that criminals will commit crimes again. The key to excellent behavior is learning. If they learn suitable habits, they will adapt to society and help it.

Furthermore, it is necessary to have empathy with criminals and not judge them because their hate increases when they are condemned in prison. A further reason for this is that hate feeds hate. Nevertheless, some criminals must be in jail due to their danger on the streets. It is difficult to know that a person who kills someone else, is going to change even if he/she receives help from psychologists.

In contrast, most of society believes that all criminals should be in prison. However, prisons must be all comfortable like a hotel in order to bring for the prisoners a place to recover themselves. The reason why they must live in appropriate conditions is due to his mental health. For instance, in Norway, prisons are like hotels because the government considers that criminals need a second chance to live in a community

To conclude, it would be suitable for all criminals to live in accurate prisons in order to recover themselves. Despite the cost that kind of prisons are supposed to take, they are worth paying for them. In my opinion, safety is priceless and is more important than the cost.

There are many things to consider in punishing criminals or law offender, Technically Speaking, Prison sentence varies entirely depending on a Country's legal system.

I partially agree in reinforcing community service to those non violent criminals, whereas harsh punishment for violent criminals who committed felonious crime. This perspective is reflected on my understandings in a community where social injustice is prevalent. In my country misdemeanor crime and felony crime offender are detained in the same prison cell, they only differ in the duration of prison sentence. This is where the serious societal issues of crime rate initially rooted, non violent offenders are mixed up with serious offenders, doing and smuggling drugs all a while in prison.

Further reasons to justify harsh punishment for felonious crime is it can act as deterent for potential criminals, while community service may reinforce less serious offender to reflect on their own actions and give back to the community. Moreover it may help them develop empathy towards others.

In my conclusions punishment should vary on the severity of the crime of the perpetrator, Criminals should be legally convicted and fairness in prosecution of Criminals must be reinforce.

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  • Exam Practice & Tips
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English

Aptis Advanced: How to Write an Article

  • October 19, 2021 November 19, 2021

How to write an article

Writing an article is one of the tasks in many public English exams, including the B2 Cambridge FCE and Trinity ISE II, and the C1 Cambridge CAE and Trinity ISE III. So knowing how to write an article is an essential skill.

In general, when you write an article it’s for readers of a newspaper, magazine or website. In the case of the Aptis Advanced Writing Test, it’s for an online publication. We’re going to be pitching our sample answers at C1 level, as that’s what most Advanced students are hoping to attain.

So let’s look at what any good article should include, the kind of language to use and how it should be laid out .

Outline of how to write an article

Articles must have a title , and they may also have subtitles, if the word count permits. You cannot write more than 220 words in Aptis Advanced Part 3 , so it’s unlikely you’d be able to use subtitles here. There’s already a lot of info you have to include, as we’ll see in the exam rubric. So our advice is to just think of a brief title, and save the rest of your allotted words for the actual article.

It’s a very good idea to start with a rhetorical question , as you need to catch the reader’s interest. Think of interesting articles you’ve read, and how the writer engaged your attention from the beginning. That’s what you need to aim for!

Articles often contain varied and colourful language of description and may include the writer’s opinion, examples or anecdotes (again, if the word count permits). A touch of humour often works well. One of the criteria for marking Part Three of the Advanced Test is that the article be both informative and interesting .

The register you use depends on
the topic and target reader, so it can be informal, semi-formal or formal. But whichever you choose, you must use that register consistently throughout the article. In Aptis Advanced you’re writing an article for online publication on a website, so the most appropriate register would be semi-formal or informal .

Structure of an article

Articles should be clearly organised into paragraphs :

  • introductory paragraph
  • main body (usually two or three short paragraphs)
  • concluding paragraph

In the case of Aptis Advanced, you must include some (or all) of the notes they provide you with.

In all exams you must ensure you follow all of the instructions , as task fulfilment is one of the marking criteria.

The conclusion should sum up the main point of view that the writer wants to express, and referring back to your opening question in some manner can be an effective way to round things off .

So let’s recap on all that, with a few examples as well.

Article Checklist

1. Don’t forget the title

2. Introduction: Opening with a question helps engage the reader and make them want to read more. Here are some ideas:

Have you ever considered …? / Have you ever thought about…? 
/ How would you feel if …? 
 / What would you do if …? 
/ Are you one of those people who …? / What would life be like if… 
/ Just imagine… 
/ Remember the good old days?

Then carry on introducing the subject matter.

3. Main body: State your points in one or two paragraphs, making sure to include as much information from your notes (including some kind of diagram or table) as possible .

4. Main body continued.

5. Conclusion: Make an overall point so that the reader feels they’ve learned something from or been entertained by reading the article.

You’ll find the complete version – plus the rubric and all the notes you had to use – in Aptis Advanced Writing Test 1 with Sample C1 Answers .

We’ll be giving you more Advanced writing practice very soon – watch this space!

Meanwhile, check out the other free Advanced materials we’ve already published:

  • Mock-exam video 1: Aptis Advanced: Speaking Practice Test 1
  • Video 1 with C1 Answers: Aptis Advanced Test 1 with Sample C1 Answers
  • Mock-exam video 2: Aptis Advanced: Speaking Practice Test 2
  • Video 2 with C1 Answers: Aptis Advanced Test 2 with Sample C1 Answers

Vocabulary: Aptis Advanced Vocabulary Practice Test 1

Grammar: Aptis Advanced: Grammar Practice Test 1

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Lesson Share: Writing: Article writing for CAE / CPE

By Jain Cook

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A comprehensive set of notes and exercises for students on how to write articles for advanced exams.

Writing: Article writing for CAE / CPE: Lesson plan

  • Cambridge: C1 Advanced (CAE)
  • Cambridge: C2 Proficiency (CPE)
  • Lesson Plan / Teacher's Notes
  • Up to 90 mins

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Aprende inglés avanzado B2-C1-C2

El mejor article para el nivel C1 de la EOI. Trucos

Hoy he escrito un artículo completo, con nivel C1 alto. Además, os he dejado el mismo, con nivel B2 para que podáis comparar las  diferencias, en  cuanto a vocabulario y expresiones. De esta forma, podréis daros cuenta de que no es tan complicado pasar de un nivel a otro. Solo se trata de tener ciertas cositas en cuenta.

El artículo versa sobre «binge-watching», que es una nueva forma que tenemos, de llamar a aquello que hacemos, cuando cogemos Netflix y nos ponemos a ver una serie del tirón.

He señalado en negrita, el vocabulario y expresiones que destaco, para cada uno de los niveles. Además, al final os doy varios consejos para el C1, que os serán súper mega útiles. Os recuerdo que es un C1 alto, rozando el C2, por no decir un C2. Con un poco menos aprobáis seguro. Sin embargo, ya sabéis que me gusta ir más allá. ¡Soy muy greedy! Mejor que falte a que sobre.

Y ya sé que la gente no habla así en la vida real. Pero en los niveles avanzados, la única forma que tienen para certificarnos, es que les demostremos todo lo que sabemos. Por eso, cuanto más los impresionemos, mejor.

¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el article y el essay?

El article usa un registro mucho más informal que el essay, por lo que tanto phrasal verbs, idioms y contracciones, están permitidos. Además, podremos hablar en primera persona, e incluso apelar a la atención del lector usando preguntas del tipo de: «Do you think that binge-watching is a healthy habit?».

Pero ojo, no se usa un vocabulario tan informal como el que usamos en el día a día. Se usa un lenguaje relajado donde phrasal verbs e idioms están permitidos.

Mis consejos para conseguir un article C1 de forma fácil

a) Usa vocabulario avanzado . No tiene que ser formal, pero sí avanzado. Hay personas que confunden el vocabulario avanzado con el formal. Vocabulario avanzado es simplemente aquel que no se usa de forma común en el día a día.

Para que lo entendáis de forma más clara, os diré que la mayoría de la gente, con los condicionales usa la partícula IF.

Ejemplo: «If I were rich, I would buy a car»

Esto es lo que alguien diría  en el inglés del día a día.

En vez de usar «if», podemos usar algo como: «in the event that» / «on the off chance that».

Ejemplo: «In the even that I were rich, I would buy a car» / «On the off chance that I were rich, I would buy a car»

Si te das cuenta, esas expresiones que sustituyen a «IF», no son formales, pero sí que demuestran un inglés más avanzado, porque no es lo que se suele usar. Si quisiéramos usar un inglés más formal, porque no se tratase de un article, sino de un essay, usaríamos una inversión. Las inversiones en condicionales sirven para enfatizar y se consideran formales.

Ejemplo: «Were I rich, I would buy a car».

b) Usa la pasiva . Que el texto no sea formal, no quiere decir que la pasiva nos sobre. La pasiva es una forma de añadir énfasis que las nativos usan muchísimo en el día a día. Puesto que se trata de una estructura un poco diferente, a los hispanohablantes nos cuesta usarla bastante. No solo añade énfasis, sino que dota al texto de elegancia. El article no es un texto formal, pero tampoco un texto informal del tipo «carta a un amigo». Por lo tanto, la pasiva es muy necesaria.

Es más, los ingleses usan la pasiva muchísimo en su día a día

He escrito un post sobre el uso de la pasiva en inglés y por qué lo considero tan importante. Os dejo el link por aquí: ¿Por qué es tan importante la pasiva para el C1?

c) Da tu opinión.  El artículo es un texto donde, a diferencia del essay, dar tu opinión está permitido. Puedes terminar la conclusión dando tu opinión en primera persona. En el essay se suele dar usando formas impersonales.

Formas de dar tu opinión con nivel C1:

-In my humble opinion

-As far as I am concerned

-I do believe

-To the best of my belief

-My way of thinking is

-It seems to me that

-What comes to my mind is

-I dare say

-I have a feeling

-From where I see it

-From my point of view (nivel B2)

-I get the impression

-To the best of my knowledge

-As I see it

d) Usa idioms y phrasal verbs. Úsalos moderadamente. Con un idiom y tres phrasal verbs será más que suficiente. Tampoco te vuelvas loco usándolos, porque puede sonar un poco «over the top».

e) Usa «everyday English» . En mi lista de expresiones más usadas en inglés, podrás encontrar mucho vocabulario y expresiones útiles. Expresiones más usadas en inglés

f) Usa las inversiones. No uses condicionales invertidos, sino otro tipo de inversiones menos formales. Te recomiendo las inversiones con expresiones adverbiales de tono negativo. Por ejemplo: not only… but also.

Te dejo un link muy interesante, donde te hablo de todas las inversiones que debes conocer para el C1. Las primeras que aparecen son las de tono negativo. ¿Qué inversiones debemos conocer para el C1?

Topic: BINGE-WATCHING during the lockdown

[av_image src=’https://friendsmilesaway.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/109310837_3239419439429724_8713680120594295832_n.jpg’ attachment=’2086′ attachment_size=’full’ copyright=» caption=» styling=» align=’center’ font_size=» overlay_opacity=’0.4′ overlay_color=’#000000′ overlay_text_color=’#ffffff’ animation=’no-animation’ hover=» appearance=» link=» target=» id=» custom_class=» av_element_hidden_in_editor=’0′ av_uid=’av-9r3sh1′ admin_preview_bg=»][/av_image]

¡ATENCIÓN! Donde dice «on a consecutively day in and day out», tenemos que quitar «on a». Se trata de un «typo».

[av_image src=’https://friendsmilesaway.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/109319532_3239419629429705_6995100644979094654_n.jpg’ attachment=’2087′ attachment_size=’full’ copyright=» caption=» styling=» align=’center’ font_size=» overlay_opacity=’0.4′ overlay_color=’#000000′ overlay_text_color=’#ffffff’ animation=’no-animation’ hover=» appearance=» link=» target=» id=» custom_class=» av_element_hidden_in_editor=’0′ av_uid=’av-6scjzp’ admin_preview_bg=»][/av_image]

¡ATENCIÓN! Donde dice «has led to a huge amount of people», falta esto: «a». La frase está más o menos sobre la mitad. Se trata de un typo.

[av_image src=’https://friendsmilesaway.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/IMG-5853.jpg’ attachment=’2508′ attachment_size=’full’ copyright=» caption=» styling=» align=’center’ font_size=» overlay_opacity=’0.4′ overlay_color=’#000000′ overlay_text_color=’#ffffff’ animation=’no-animation’ hover=» appearance=» link=» target=» id=» custom_class=» av_element_hidden_in_editor=’0′ av_uid=’av-65vfwl’ admin_preview_bg=»][/av_image]

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[av_image src=’https://friendsmilesaway.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/IMG-5855.jpg’ attachment=’2511′ attachment_size=’full’ copyright=» caption=» styling=» align=’center’ font_size=» overlay_opacity=’0.4′ overlay_color=’#000000′ overlay_text_color=’#ffffff’ animation=’no-animation’ hover=» appearance=» link=» target=» id=» custom_class=» av_element_hidden_in_editor=’0′ av_uid=’av-4gwv9x’ admin_preview_bg=»][/av_image]

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¿Te interesa nuestro libro para aprender a escribir y hablar con nivel C1? Para conseguirlo en Amazon, haz clic en la imagen

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how to write an article c1

How to write an article? | C2 Proficient (CPE)

how to write an article c1

FCE, CAE, CPE

Practice tests online.

An article is written on a particular theme in a style that makes it suitable for publication in an English-language newspaper , magazine or newsletter . Always read the instructions for the task carefully to be clear about whom you are writing for.

how to write an article c1

  • It is written for a wide spectrum of audience, therefore it is important to attract and hold the attention of the readers
  • It may contain funny stories, reported speech, and descriptions
  • It may be formal or informal , depending on the target group; ( but the article must have a less formal style than a report or essay)
  • It should express opinions and thoughts, as well as facts

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Structure

Practice, write & improve, c2 proficient (cpe) article: writing guide, before you begin, keep in mind….

how to write an article c1

  • Who is the target group? Having a good grasp on who will be reading your article can help you orient the information and the tone so that it’s as useful as possible.
  • What is the purpose of the article? To advise, suggest, inform, compare, contrast describe, etc.?
  • What advanced grammar or phrases you intend to use? Inversion, III conditional or maybe some forms of passive voice? Think about what idioms or phrases you plan to use in the article as it is easy to forget and it is valuable for the article.
  • Organise your ideas carefully in paragraphs Each paragraph should provide a clear topic sentence.

1. The Title

The title is essential and should be a concise summary of the information presented in the article. Shortly speaking, the main idea of the article should be concluded in the title.

For example, if you are writing a description of a place, using adjectives can enhance the attractiveness of the place, before the reader begins reading the article, e.g.

Title: “The Tranquility and Peace of an Island that Time Forgot” .

If the task involves proposing a solution to a problem or your opinion , and so on, you can address your audience directly, e.g.

Title: “What You Need to Do to Be Successful” Title: “ Is Learning English Really Necessary Today?” .

The title should not be too long and ideally reflect the style of the article – both formal or informal.

2. The Introduction

The introduction should coincide with the title of the article and also include brief development of the main idea.

As well as the title, it must engage the reader . Perhaps it is worth asking a question in the introduction to which the reader will find the answer at the end of the article?

Title: Long-distance Travel

Introduction: The Scottish writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, used to say that he travelled ‘not to go anywhere but to go.’ In other words, he loved travelling for its own sake. Would you agree that the journey there can be the most exciting and rewarding part of any holiday?

3. The main body

how to write an article c1

To ensure unity in a paragraph, it is necessary to group sentences around the main idea. This means that it is necessary to begin by finding a theme or topic sentence which sums up the main idea of the whole paragraph. The best position for this sentence is normally at the beginning of the paragraph to help the reader to quickly comprehend the topic of the whole paragraph and minimise the likelihood of losing the theme altogether.

Example topic sentences:

Paragraph 1: Some years ago I studied Russian at university and used to travel frequently to Russia. [topic sentence] … you develop this point further … I usually went by train, by far the cheapest way to get there then. This involved a three-day train journey across the Channel and then over the…

Paragraph 2: I loved the sense of gradually making my way into a different world. [topic sentence] … you develop this point further … Towns and villages became less frequent and fields turned into forests as we chugged eastwards. The children who waved at the train as it passed began to have high Slav cheekbones. 

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Get Your (CPE) Article Checked!

Conclusion – summarise the topic.

Effective conclusions take the article beyond summary and demonstrate a further appreciation of the article’s argument and its significance: why it works, why it is meaningful , and why it is valuable.

The purpose of the conclusion:

  • To connect the article’s findings to a larger context
  • To suggest the implications of your findings or the importance of the topic.
  • To revisit your main idea or research question with new insight.

  Article Topic –  travel Conclusion:  These days it’s cheaper to hop on a plane than a train and you can now get to Russia in three hours instead of three days. Lunch in London and dinner in Moscow has become possible thanks to the jet engine. In many ways the journey could be seen as easier now…. [connect the article’s idea to a larger context of global transportation]

See full article…

Full article.

Long-distance Travel

The Scottish writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, used to say that he travelled ‘not to go anywhere but to go.’ In other words, he loved travelling for its own sake. Although I enjoy being at a new destination, I agree that the journey there can be the most exciting and rewarding part of any holiday.

Some years ago I studied Russian at university and used to travel frequently to Russia. I usually went by train, by far the cheapest way to get there then. This involved a three-day train journey across the Channel and then over the North European Plain through Belgium, Germany, Poland and Byelorus to Moscow. The train from Ostend was a Russian one and once on board you felt as if you were already in Russia, especially as you poured yourself a glass of tea from the samovar at the end of each carriage and made yourself comfortable for the two nights you’d spend in your sleeping compartment.

I loved the sense of gradually making my way into a different world. Towns and villages became less frequent and fields turned into forests as we chugged eastwards. The children who waved at the train as it passed began to have high Slav cheekbones. Travelling slowly gives you time to savour the gradual changes, to think about where you’re going or where you’ve just been, to adapt to a new way of being. This opportunity to reflect is immensely enriching.

These days it’s cheaper to hop on a plane than a train and you can now get to Russia in three hours instead of three days. Lunch in London and dinner in Moscow has become possible thanks to the jet engine. In many ways the journey could be seen as easier now. But in my opinion, travelling by rail is still much more satisfying, providing a real sense of distance – both geographical and social – between different countries.

Let’s sum it up…

C2 proficient (cpe) article: sample answers, cpe article example answer 1, article subject:.

An international travel magazine is running a series of articles on alternatives to travelling by plane. The magazine has invited readers to send in articles briefly describing a memorable long-distance train or bus journey they have made. The article should explain the advantages of travelling a long distance by train or bus and consider whether in general travelling to your destination more slowly may result in a more satisfying travel experience.

Student’s CPE Article Answer:

With the rapid pace in which technology has been developing over the last decades, air travel has become more and more affordable to the hoi polloi. This is particularly true since the spread of the ‘no-frills’ airlines which have taken over Europe by storm. Air travel offers relatively cheap and fast journey to its passengers, which explains its recent rise. But are these journeys pleasant ones? Recent opinion polls show they are not. People are unhappy about the weight and size limits on luggage, numerous changes, stress related to queues to check-in, security and then to the gate . … The largest ache for air passengers, however, seems to be the lack of human interaction amid the ‘de-humanising feel’ of the airports.

I recently had an opportunity – and a pleasure – to travel by train to a family wedding in Germany. Despite the fact the journey took 6 hours longer than it would by plane, it was a truly enjoyable experience. The rail track passed through beautiful, green mountain valleys, offering amazing views of numerous castles perched on the mountain sides and the views of medieval towns. I have also met a few very nice local people who entertained me during the journey with interesting and funny stories of their family weddings.

Thanks to excellent views and the people I travelled with, the journey felt unbelievably short. There are many advantages of travelling long distances by train, most of which overweight the largest disadvantage to some – namely the length of the journey. First of all – one is able to meet interesting people and engage in long conversations – a train journey seems to be a more welcoming environment for social interaction than a quick flight is. Secondly, whilst passing through the towns and villages rather than flying over them one is able to better experience the culture. There are also practical advantages – like the lack of strict luggage restrictions, less queues and the ability to open the window to get some fresh air. There are also less problems with the leg space and a possibility to stretch them by strolling to the restaurant carriage or up and down the train. (This paragraph could have been divided into two for greater clarity)

To conclude, train travel could lead to a better travel experience comparing to the aircraft, under the condition that the passenger is open to experiencing the journey and is able to sacrifice a bit more time travelling.

CPE Article Example Answer 2

C2 proficient (cpe) article: writing topics, cpe example article topic 1.

A local magazine has asked readers to send in articles on their preferences in public transport. Say which methods you prefer, explain your reasons and assess whether or not your preferences are similar to those of the majority of people where you live. If there are problems with some forms of transport say what they are and what might be done about these problems.

Write your article .

CPE Example Article Topic 2

You are a member of a group which is seeking to improve the quality of life for elderly people In your neighbourhood. Write an article for the local newspaper explaining the aims of your group, how people can join it, and what they can do to help.

CPE Example Article Topic 3

You use an online resource for your studies. You would like people to take advantage of such resources, so you decide to write an article in the college newspaper. Write your article describing the resource, explaining why and how it is useful, and mentioning who in particular could benefit from using it.

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Checklist

how to write an article c1

After writing your text, you can check it yourself using the writing checklist below.

How to do that? Simply check your text/email by answering the questions one by one:

  • Have I covered all the key information required by the task?
  • Have I written only information which is relevant to the task?
  • Have I developed the basic points in the task with my own ideas?
  • Have I included references or examples where necessary to support any ideas or information?

Communicative Achievement

  • Have I achieved the main purpose(s) of the text (for example, explaining, persuading, suggesting, apologising, comparing, etc.)?
  • Have I used a suitable mix of fact and opinion according to the requirements of the task and my communicative purpose(s)?
  • Have I used a suitable style and register for the task and genre?
  • Have I followed writing conventions which are particularly relevant to the task and genre?

Organisation

  • Have I organised my ideas clearly and coherently, using the most appropriate and effective structure for the task?
  • Have I used other organisational features appropriately for the genre (for example, titles, headings, openings, closings, etc.)?
  • Is the connection between my ideas clear and easy for the reader to follow? (For example, have I used appropriate linking words and other cohesive devices?)
  • Are the ideas balanced appropriately, with suitable attention and space given to each one?
  • Have I used a wide range of vocabulary, appropriate to the topic and genre?
  • Have I avoided repeating the same words and phrases?
  • Have I used a range of simple and more complex grammatical structures appropriately?
  • Have I correctly used any common phrases which are relevant to the specific task or topic?
  • Is my use of grammar accurate?
  • Is my spelling accurate?

More than Practice Tests

C2 proficient (cpe) article: marking criteria, c2 proficient (cpe) article: useful phrases & expressions.

We will finish it with some useful vocabulary mostly used to organize information. Although it is  taking a shortcut,  if you learn several expressions for each paragraph in each type of text that could be on your exam, you will certainly be able to create a very consistent and well-organized text.

Agreeing partially

This is partly true… To (an) (certain) / (some) extent… In some cases … Up to a point … While it can not be denied that … While it is true that…

Qualifying Statements

There is a tendency to… A large number of the times… Usually, they are inclined to… Generally speaking… Sometimes/Usually/Often/Generally…  Things appear to be… In a large number of cases… In some instances…

Summary / Repetition / Exemplification

In brief… On the whole… Overall… In short… In other words… To be sure… For instance… In fact… In any event…

Therefore… With this object in view/mind… To this end… For this purpose….

Place and Location

Beyond… Nearby… On the opposite side… Adjacent to… Over head… To/on the right… In the centre… Over to the left/right…. In the same area…. In the neighbouring town….

Would you pass C2 Proficient (CPE)?

IMAGES

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  2. EOI INGLES, Mónica Otero García: C1 Writing an article

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  4. How to Write an Essay for C1 Advanced (CAE)

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  6. Writing C1 Advanced (CAE): Guía Completa con Ejemplos

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VIDEO

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    Structure your essay The essence of a good essay is a clear structure. Introduction Here you want to introduce the topic in your own words. Your first line should also grab the reader's attention, then you should paraphrase the question. Finally, try using a statistic or a rhetorical question. This will make them want to read on, right?

  6. PDF Prepare for Exam Success: C1 Advanced self-access learning Writing Part

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    Difficulty level: C1 / advanced. What is the Advanced (CAE) Writing test like? The test has two sections and takes 90 minutes: Part 1 - Write an essay with a discursive focus. Some material to read (up to 150 words) which may include material taken from advertisements, extracts from letters, emails, postcards, diaries, short articles, etc.

  10. PDF Writing Guide for the Cambridge C1 Advanced Exam

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