• Study Abroad Guide
  • Study Abroad Visa
  • Study in Australia
  • Study in Canada
  • Study In china
  • Study In Ireland
  • Study in UK
  • Study in USA
  • Sample Papers
  • Universities
  • Accountancy
  • Economics of Pakistan
  • Introduction
  • Courses After 10th
  • courses after 12th
  • Engineering
  • Mass Communication
  • O/A Level Courses
  • Research Thesis
  • Short Courses
  • Spoken English
  • Islamic banks In Pakistan
  • Educational Institutes
  • Research Institutes in Pakistan
  • Admission Fee
  • Training & workshops
  • Merit Lists
  • Roll No Slip
  • Technology News
  • English Tests
  • Amazing Tips
  • Girls Fashion
  • Latest technology Blog
  • Student experience's
  • Student jokes
  • Ramzan ul Mubarak Special
  • Career in Pakistan
  • CV & RESUME
  • Jobs in Karachi
  • jobs in Lahore
  • Sample Interview Questions
  • Learning articles
  • Learning English
  • Pakistan Information
  • Pakistan Issues
  • B.A/BSC Past Papers
  • Balochistan and AJK Board
  • CSS Past Papers
  • Punjab Board
  • Sindh Board
  • Great Personalities
  • Inter Model Papers
  • Matric Model Papers
  • Scholarships
  • Uncategorized
  • Book Reviews
  • Foreign Universities
  • Pakistan Universities
  • student stories
  • Top Universities
  • University Reviews

Pakistan Education News, Universities admission scholarships, and Results

Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

Table of Contents

Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

Let us have an overview of the Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah and the incidents which were a part of his complete and successful life which made him the leader of a dispersed nation and was responsible to unite them on one cause and then initiate one of the world’s largest migration which was from Sub-Continent India to newly formed Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam was a person who had such personality traits which forced his respondents to surrender themselves under his guidance, his multi dimensional characteristics made him one great ambassador for the Hindu-Muslim unity which ultimately gave birth to the very important Two Nation Theory. Beside an ambassador he was wise constitutionalist, an energetic and unbiased politician, an enthusiastic freedom fighter, a highlighted figure of the parliament and obviously a true, dynamic and passionate Muslim leader. The life of Mohammad Jinnah is a role model for all the Muslims and not only Muslims his personality traits and characteristics were being appreciated and valued by the Hindus as well as the British Empire. So now let us have the comprehensive all round view to the life of this legend and the events which proved him the ultimate leader.

Quaid E Azam Family and Birth Date

Birth and Initial Life of the great Quaid Muhamma Ali Jinnah

It was in 1893 when Jinnah joined Lincolns Inn and within the three years of his admission he was being called by the Bar, from here this young guy started to get the appreciation which he really deserved as he became the youngest Indian to be called by the Bar. And soon within no mass time Jinnah was renowned as one of the most competent and successful lawyer in the entire Bombay. In the year 1905 Quaid-e-Azam officially entered in to politics through the Indian National Congress. Jinnah went to England in the same year accompanied by Gopal Krishna. In England he continued to practice his law and even polished his skills more before returning to India. His visit of England was on the basis of Indian National Congress for the purpose of inflaming the voice of self rule and freedom for India from the British Empire. After a year he became the secretary of Dadabhai Noariji. One of the biggest political achievements came to Jinnah when he became the president of Indian National Congress which was itself a sense of Honor and pride for a Muslim youngster. Quaid E Azam Daughter Name is Dina Wadia.

Quaid E Azam Political Career

Muhmmad Ali Jinnah Political Career

It was almost 3 decades of the stunning political career of Mr. Jinnah that led him to achieve the recognition of being the most outstanding political leader of India in 1917. In his appreciation Mr. Montagu who was the Secretary to State for India quoted his views in the following words for Mr. Jinnah at the urge of the end of World War I that;

“Jinnah is a Perfect Mannered, Impressive-Looking, armed to the teeth with dialectics” and he further quoted that “He is a very clever man, and, it is, of course, an outrage that such a man should have no chance of running the affairs of his own country”

After the establishment of All India Muslim League, Quaid-e-Azam still continued his struggle for the Hindu-Muslim unity and his efforts paid off on the day in 1916 when the Lucknow pact was being signed by the both Muslims and Hindus politicians which was also known as Hindu-Muslim Pact 0f 1916. He played very neutral role in the upcoming Montague Chelmsford Reforms in 1919 because he was not willing to widen the gap between the two very crucial communities of sub-continent.

Mohammad Ali Jinnah as a man of Constitution

Mohammad Ali Jinnah as a man of Constitution

This was the first point where the mass difference between the two influential leaders started to grow, one was Jinnah and the second was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Both the leaders were popular in India and Gandhi took the rigid decision of getting the civil disobedience as the source of awakening and threatening the British government. In this act British colonies were being burnt, their products were being boycotted and their British Flag was being burnt on roads. This was surely not what Jinnah wanted as he was the man having the perception that these are not the short cuts for independence and instead of short cut they will become the hurdles in the way of independence for the Hindus of India as Britain who were very kind to Hindus were gradually changing their behavior with them. In October 1920 when Gandhi was appointed as the President of Home Rule League, Jinnah made a speech while resigning from the Home rule league and said;

“Your extreme program has for the moment struck the imagination mostly of the inexperienced youth and the ignorant and the illiterate. All this means disorganization and chaos”

Another very significant Hindu leader supported Jinnah in his thoughts as it was Rabindranth Tagore who stood with Jinnah against the unconstitutional behavior and nomenclature attitude of Gandhi in dealing with the issues of the sub-continent India. Jinnah again repeated his views in the latter Nagpur congress session in 1920. These contradictions forced Jinnah to leave the congress that year because he was unwilling to compromise on his fundamentals but still he worked tirelessly for the promotion of the Hindu Muslim unity in India. Now the time was coming close when the contradiction of the views between Hindus and Muslims was getting more and more rigid on various issues. The situations became even worse when Jinnah organized a meeting in Delhi which was known as the Delhi Muslims Proposals in the year 1927 to create the liaison between both Muslims and Hindus but all the efforts of Jinnah were seemed to be going in vein, in this agreement the clause of separate electorate for Muslims which was their basic argument since 1906 was also waved off but still the agreement was not brought to terms and was rejected this further pushed the communities apart and later the approval of Nehru Report in 1928 acted as the oil in the burning flame as the Nehru report had nothing for the Muslims and was typically a Hindu favored proposal. This behavior of the Hindus surely hurt Jinnah and he left everything unfinished and went to England in early thirties. But being a patriotic Muslim he was unable to keep himself away from the homeland and his people so he returned back in 1934 and was really felt dishearten on the miserable condition of the Muslims as they were helpless with no direction and no aims and plans for the future. This was the time when Jinnah took up the responsibility to lead his nation and lead his fellow Muslims to the stage which they deserved.

Restructuring of Muslim League as Jinnah gets associated with it

When Jinnah came back the situation was very much crystal clear in front of him as the Muslims were in disarray with no leadership and he was the only one who was confident and capable enough to cope up with the situation by stepping forward in this task. The first thing which Jinnah focused was the modification and adjustment of the Muslim League which was being totally messed up by the Muslims as there was no management and controlling. The most surprising and frustrating fact was that many of the Muslim Leaders of Muslim League has started their own provincial campaigns and have left the Muslim League behind. These provinces include Punjab, Bengal, Sindh, North West Frontier, Assam and Bihar. This was the time when Jinnah was highly depressed and under such circumstances there was only one person who was the consultant, the friend and the motivator and he was Allama Iqbal, who was a poet and a philosopher having the same unique ideology for Muslims as it was of Jinnah.

Once the Jinnah started to regain Muslim League people and to gather them again he started to feel that the response from the nation was more than what he expected which was a positive sign. This response became an influential factor for Jinnah which empowered him to continue his campaign with more pace and aggression. Jinnah accompanied by Iqbal went on to visit the entire India and specially the Muslim Majority areas so that they can get the confidence and trust of the Muslims behind them which will surely be the key to success for this campaign. Jinnah molded the people and brought them to accept the Government of India Act 1935 because the man of constitution was of the perception that as far as they are in the state of India they are liable to follow the national constitution of the state.

In the general elections of 1937 Jinnah gave a clear manifesto to the Muslims so that they should support the Muslim League candidates and his thinking was that this election will be the demo for the upcoming years and the results were surprising for the entire nation. The political party which was down and out before Jinnah came up as the second largest party in the parliament where they were able to win 108 seats out of total 485 seats allocated for Muslims which was almost 23% result for Muslim League. The result was impressive but still Congress was the majority and will be surely founding the ruling government. When the Hindu rulers took the power as they were in clear majority in 7 provinces showed a new face as they openly became anti Muslims as all their activities and proposals were directly against the interest of Muslims of India. Soon Jinnah realized that the place which was their homeland is getting difficult to live in as the Muslim rights, their religious practices and their fundamental beliefs were endangered in this place and soon or later the call for an independent state was surely in tunnel now.

Voice raised for a Separate Homeland by the Quaid

Quid Jinnah Separate Homeland Slogan

Jinnah claimed that Muslim demands a separate Homeland where they can practice their religion and their culture with full religious freedom and with no restriction. He further said that as Hindus have the complete freedom and liberty in India to carry out their religious rituals same should be for Muslims as they should also be provided with the homeland where they can have freedom and liberty. This declaration from Jinnah became threatening and dangerous for both the Hindus and British Empire because British Empire was now counting their days in the sub continent India and the Hindus were shocked because they will be unable to carry out their hardships and imposing of power on the week Muslims. Jinnah gave the ultimatum that the independence procedure should be carried out not later than 1947 as this ultimatum was less an ultimatum and more as a mere order.

British-Hindu Schemes to avoid Independence

After calling for independence the first success and positive result came in 1942 under the Cripps Mission plan where the British government decided to give the provincial autonomy to the provinces on the basis of their territory. The Cripps Mission was the source of prolonging the Gandhi Jinnah talks in 1944 and hence it was rejected because it was not having exactly what the Muslims were demanding.

The crucial phase was in the year 1946 and 1947 when the Cabinet Mission Plan was being brought be the three viceroys who came from Britain to carry out the division process of the sub continent India. Initially the Cabinet Mission Plan was basically designed and formulated to make one last effort to avoid the independence as in this proposal the British government decided to keep the foreign affairs and the defense under the federal rule and the remaining was to be given to the India where they can form their own government dividing in between the two major political parties of India which included Congress and Muslim League. But Jinnah was aware of the fact that if this is being accepted by the Muslims they will be sure that Hindus will restart what they did in the general election of 1937 and will further crush and humiliate the Muslims and that’s why Jinnah with his League didn’t backed off from their demand of the separate home land and soon after observing the rigidness and the pressure from the Britain Government the independence was being considered as inevitable.

Hindus were having more influence on the British Government so it was obvious that the division of assets and the division of territories will be unfair and that is what happened. In the 3 rd June plan it was being decided that Hindu Majority areas will be joined with the India while the Muslim Majority areas will be allowed to join the newly formed Pakistan. The disputed territories were given the freedom of joining either India or Pakistan as per their own will and need. So finally it was being declared that Pakistan a new country and home land for the Muslims will be formed on the 14 th of August, 1947 while after a day of the independence of Muslims the Hindus will get the independence on the 15 th August, 1947.

Being a Leader; Dealing with the critical issues of Pakistan

Quaid-e-Azam solidarity effort in the creation of a separate homeland for the Muslim, the Muslim league decided to make Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah as the first Governor General of the state Pakistan, on the other hand Congress appoint Mountbatten as the first Governor General of the independent India. As soon as Pakistan came in to being it was all over challenges for Jinnah again, and after rescuing the Muslims from the British and Hindu rule now Jinnah had to fight against these issues which could very easily drown the newly born state.

Quaid E Azam Being a Leader

The very initial problem was to accommodate the refugees which have migrated from the sub continent India. This migration was considered to be the largest migration ever made on earth by any nation so fulfilling the basic needs of such mountainous number of people was surely a big threat to the newly formed state. But the people had faith in their leader and the capital which was received from the Indian government was initially used for the rehabilitation of the people and fulfilling their basics needs like food, shelter, medical facilities and education.

Having neighbors like India so defense should be strong and that is what Jinnah immediately realized and soon after the independence he worked on forming the army, setting up ammunition factories so that the newly formed state can have its own protection from the evil eyes of the outside which were poking to conquer the land.

Indus water issue and the Kashmir issue were also considered to be the critical problem which Jinnah dealt with extreme calmness and assurance. This is because from the first day Pakistan was an agricultural state as the economy was directly related with agriculture, under such conditions stopping the water from Indus river India was the strategy to destroy the economy of the country but Jinnah with his companions dealt with problems strongly and soon Pakistan started to emerge on the map of the world as an independent Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Conclusive words and the message for nation by Quaid-e-Azam

Soon Jinnah realized that he has done for what he was born and he wanted to inculcate he belief, his views and his values in the nation and that is why he made his last speech on 14 th August 1948 on the first anniversary of Pakistan and said that;

“The foundations of your state have been laid and it is now for you to build and build as quickly as well as you can” His words stated that how much he was concern for his nation and for his people and obviously for the state Pakistan. He guided the officials that “you are the servant of the nation don’t behave like the boss or the master but be the servant and work for the betterment and the cause of the nation. Never put your interest over the national interest of the state because the prime objective should be the national state and not you.”

Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah died 11 th September, 1948 at the age of 72 years,  he has only one Daughter. Quaid E Azam Daughter Name is Dina Wadia. In his entire age his maximum time was spent in serving the mankind and especially in regaining and recollecting the Muslims on one platform and on one objective. Pakistan is missing such leaders and it is surely impossible that the world will ever see and witness such a personality and leader ever again.

Well this is the complete Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah hope you enjoy reading this.

I am professional education consultant and Teacher, my primary goal is to support students in accessing educational services through Pakistan's rapidly expanding educational website. I strive to provide valuable guidance and assistance to help students make informed decisions about their academic paths and future careers.

please short questions about the life of quaideazam

Quaid-e-Azam was born in Thatta?

Every few years there is an attempt by vested interests to create doubts among Pakistanis about Mr. Jinnah’s birthplace. There is of course no doubt that he was born in Karachi, but the detractors say that he was born in Jherruck (near Thatta). I have studied this matter in detail, and the only basis for it is that someone (I think it was the late Syed Ghulam Mustafa Shah, PPP MNA from Thatta) inserted in Sindhi textbooks the disinformation about the founder of Pakistan being born in Jherruck. His aim of course was to make Jherruck a place of pilgrimage so that its infrastructure would be improved, roads and schools would be built and tourism in the region would increase.

Some years ago, during BB’s second stint in power, this controversy was raised by those who apparently think Mr. Jinnah was out of his senses when he said he was born in Karachi (and this was the main reason for selecting Karachi as the capital of Pakistan). Even his two sisters (Ms Fatima Jinnah and Ms Shirin Jinnah) said many times that Karachi was the great man’s birthplace.

But just because of a single textbook which said otherwise, Ms Humera Alwani, PPP legislator has presented a bill to declare Jherruck as the birthplace of the Quaid. My question is, why wasn’t this issue raised when Mr. Jinnah and his associates were alive or when the Quaid’s official biography was published in the nineteen fifties? Why didn’t Sindhi MNAs and MPAs object when BB herself said that Karachi was the city in which the Quaid was born? And finally, why are they ignoring the many English and Urdu textbooks in Pakistan which confirm this?

I wouldn’t be surprised if one of these days someone builds a tomb in Jherruck and claims that the Quaid is buried there (and not in the mausoleum in Karachi)! Anything is possible in Pakistan.

AZIZ JAMALI TALHAR 03462243209

Aoa everyone Aman ki asha karnee he thee aur agar pakistanis aur indians main agar koi faraq nahin tha to kiya hamray Azeem leaders ka dimakh kharab tha jo unhon nay pakistan ki azadi kay liya din raat laray Aur saab say stupid pakistani news channel yani GEO NEWS (jo aman ki asha bhi kar raha hay)nay kaha hay k “parhnay likhnay k siwa Pakistan k matlab kiya” halan k pakistan islam k naam par liya giya tha. Agar kisi ko koi problem in my comment plz write it so i can tell u my answer. Thankyou and AH.

He was admitted in the primary school of the town established in 1870. The school’s General Register is missing. Before this controversy when the announcement of his Birth Place was made in the teaching course taught in Pakistan until 1962. It was written as Jhirk in the 8th lession of the course till 1962 in the Books from primary to Graduation level and remained in all level of books up to the tenure of Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 1976.

Father of Nation was born at the old village of JHIRK the district of Thatta.

It has been alleged that Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born in Jhirk,

He was admitted in the primary school of the town established in 1870. The school’s General Register is missing. Before this controversy when the announcement of his Birth Place was made in the teaching course taught in Pakistan until 1962.

Sir i am Munir Hasan. Student Of BBA. Sir I’ve a complete history of the title of Quaid-e-Azam. Sir Muhammad Ali Jinnah ke zamane mein Maulana Mazharuddin Jo “Al-Aman” newspaper ke editor thay unhn ne sbse pehle Muhammad Ali Jinnah ko apne newspaper “Al-Aman” mein Quaid-e-Azam ke laqab se pukara. jisko us wqt ke mshor tareen leader Ferozuddin sahab ne prh kr nara lga kr mashor kia…Aur Maulana Mazharuddin ko Indians ne jb shaheed krdia to meri par nani ko Nawaz Sharif sahab ne Al Hamra Hall mein Quaid-e-Azam ke lqb ki khushi pr Gold Medal dia jo aj tk lahore mein mere nana ke pas mojod hai. Sir jahan bhi mai dekhta hn mjhe har kitab mein yehi likha nzr ata ha ke sbse pehle lqb choose hi Ferozuddin sahab ne kia. Sir correct info ye hai ke Laqab mere par nana Maulana Mazharuddin ne sbse pehle Apne Akhbar mein dia, Muhammad Ali Jinnah ke leay aik laqab psnd kia jisko unhn ne apne akhbar mein dia…aur usko prh kr Ferozuddin sahab ne mshor kia. Sir agr apko prove chaheay to Mere pas buht saray prove hain baqaida us zamane ki books bhi hain jo print hoen then Maulana Mazharuddin ke laqab dene pr. Plz is msg ko zror prh kr history dekhte hoe plz ap info update kren takay sbko pta chle yeh baat buht kam logon ko maloom hai…

Post Comment Cancel reply

World History Edu

Muhammad Ali Jinnah – The Founder of Pakistan

by World History Edu · October 5, 2022

Popularly known as ‘Quaid-e-Azam’ in Pakistan, Muhammad Jinnah was  the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 till Pakistan gained independence in August 1947. He served as the country’s first Governor-General until his death in 1948. By founding Pakistan, Jinnah gave its people a sense of identity, territory and a sense of destiny. In reverence to his political and heroic achievements, the nation observes his birthday as a national holiday.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s epithet ‘Qaid e-Azam’ means ‘Great Leader’. He was also known as ‘Baba-I-Quam’ which means ‘Father of the Nation’

Early Years

The eldest of 7 children, Jinnah was born into a Karachi mercantile family in 1876. His parents were Jinnahbhai Poonja and Mithibai. Jinnah’s family descended from Iran with some influences of Shai, Sunni and Ismaili.

He studied at the Christian Missionary High School and graduated from Bombay University at age 16. Before Jinnah left for London to train as an apprentice with Graham Shipping and Trading Co., he married his first cousin, Emibai Jinnah and remained with till her death in 1893.

While in London, Jinnah abandoned apprenticeship and enrolled as a law student at Lincoln’s Inn Fields. In 1896 before age 20, he became the youngest Asian to be called to the bar. He developed a fascination with nationalist  politics after he had watched  Dadabhai Naoroji, Britian’s first Asian MP, deliver a speech at the House of Commons.

Law Practice

brief biography of quaid e azam

In pursuit of his law practice, he returned to Bombay after a short stopover in Karachi. A typical Indian nationalist, Jinnah loved to see his country liberated from the British colonial rule. In trying to achieve this, he attempted to work within the British system while focusing his efforts on unifying the Hindus, Muslims, Parsees and Christians against the British.

Jinnah was believed to have possessed an assertive and independent spirit that made him appear rude. Though he was careful to not cross the line, he often annoyed his British superiors. He mastered the act of using British law against its own people. He received a number of jail threats on several occasions for daring to speak in favor of Indian home rule or rights. He stepped on the toes of such British political figures as Lord Willingdon, Lord Wavell and Lord Mountbatten, who had all served as Viceroys in India in the twilight years of Britain’s rule of India.

Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity

brief biography of quaid e azam

Gandhi and Jinnah were some of the leading members of the Indian Independence movement. Jinnah, like Gandhi, was very committed to Indian nationalism and the two men believed in Hindu-Muslim unity.

Long before he fought for a Muslim Pakistan, Jinnah was known for his unifying role  among the Hindus and Muslims. When he first returned from Britain in 1896, he became a member of the Indian National Congress, a pro-Independence political party that was dominated by Hindus.

As secretary to the Dadabhai Naoroji, the president of the political party, he was present at the 1906 session of Calcutta (now Kolkata). In early 1910, he was elected to the Imperial Legislative Council of India in Delhi. This marked the start of a respectable career in Parliament.

Jinnnah got acquainted with politicians like Gopal Krishna Gokhale who a tremendous influence on the young Jinnah. He had once been described by the honorable Gopal Krishna Gokhale as “the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity”. The moderate politician and social reformer Gokhale  was right. For example, Jinnah represented Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a Hindu nationalist and teacher, in court when he was being tried by the British on charges of overt conduct.

The Muslim League

brief biography of quaid e azam

Ali Jinnah and the Muslim League. Image – The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s politics was initially woven around the need to see India esteemed in the international community and to create an Indian national identity among the people of India. The young lawyer and politician began to strong notions of Indian nationalism.

At the start of the 20th century, however, he was persuaded that Muslims in India needed a unique and separate identity instead of a collective national identity that would most likely be Hindu. This idea became the driving force behind the formation of the All-India Muslim League in 1906.

A member of the Indian National Congress (INC), Jinnah declined joining the Muslim League until 7 years after its formation. By this time, he had been assured by the leaders of the organization of their primary concern with the political liberation of India.

Jinnah rose through the ranks to serve as the president of the League from 1920 to 1930 and again from 1937 to 1947, when Pakistan was founded under his leadership. He was able to achieve an agreement between the Congress and the League with regards to reforms. Muslims were assured of a 30% representation in provincial councils. Gradually, a united front was built against the British Empire – a front whose voices kept increasing for the liberation of Indian subcontinent.

Political Unification

Historians have described Jinnah’s ambassadorial duties in the Muslim League and the INC as the climax of his political career. Through him, the two organizations started holding their yearly sessions together.

In 1915, sessions took place at Bombay, and the following year, the Lucknow Pact was signed at a meeting at Lucknow. The Pact had to do with both the government structure of India and the relations of the Hindu and Muslim communities.

Steadily, Jinnah began to win both national and international admiration for his political tact. An American historian, Wolpert, in his biography, described him as sounding “like Ronald Coleman, dressed like Anthony Eden, and was adored by most women at first sight and admired or envied by most men…”

A wife of a British general, after encountering Jinnah, described the young politician as eloquent and mannered in his ways. She added, Jinnah models “his manners and clothes on Du Maurier, the actor and his English on Burke’s speeches. He is a future Viceroy….”

Mahatma Gandhi’s Emergence

With the 1920s came Mahatma Gandhi , a refreshing force in Indian politics. Many people fell in love with his radical beliefs and political style. He was able to draw in both the Home Rule League and the Congress Party.

Soon enough, Jinnah had been taken off center stage and relegated to the shadows. Jinnah was unhappy with Gandhi’s fixation on Hinduism and its associated violence that was being perpetrated across ethnic lines.

brief biography of quaid e azam

As Britain hastily prepared to leave India, the relationship between the Hindus and Muslims became even more strained. Image – Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi in Bombay, 1944

Jinnah continued to serve as the president of the almost defunct Muslim League throughout the decade. His continuous frosty relationship with the British leaders did not help matters.

brief biography of quaid e azam

In 1929, while Jinnah  was trying to find his feet on a political terrain that had stopped making sense to him, his second wife, Ruttie, died. He relocated to London with his family and resumed his work as an attorney. He, throughout this period, had faded off the Indian political scene.

Jinnah made a lot of money  as a lawyer. In fact, he was believed to be one of the highest paid. He belonged to the upper class and lived an affluent life in Hampstead, London during the early 1930s in London. He was reputed to be a well-dressed man who was particularly attentive to his physical appearance. He was also a great property investor and had several homes.

The Birth of Pakistan

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah speaking at the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, the day Pakistan became independent

In 1935, Jinnah came back to India to lead the Muslim League upon the request of some political leaders. He steered the affairs of the League and created new structures. He also led the organization during the 1937 elections.

Though Jinnah was well-liked and admired, not all Muslims considered him a role model. Many thought him to be “too westernized.” An attempt was made on his life in late 1943, but the assailant was caught before he could inflict fatal injuries.

In 1940, Jinnah presided over a meeting where discussions concerning the Lahore Resolution were held. This Resolution was added as a creed in the All-India Muslim League constitution. The creed rejected the idea of a united India in place of an independent Muslim state consisting of Punjab, N.W.F.P and Balochistan, Bengal and other provinces. The Resolution formed the basis of the 1946 Muslim League decision to establish one state for the Muslims instead of two. The passage of the Pakistan Resolution represented a change of direction for the Muslims. Rather than fight for an alliance with the Hindu community, they preferred to walk a path that will lead to a separate homeland for the Muslims in India.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Until late 1930s, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, also known as Quaid-e-Azam (‘Great Leader’),  was a big advocate of Indian nationalism, believing that Hindus and Muslims could co-exist in one independent country. However, that all changed in the early 1940s just as the Great Britain was preparing to grant India its independence. The rift between Hindu-dominated Indian National Congress and the Muslim League caused the British to hastily partition subcontinent into Muslim-dominated Pakistan and Hindu-dominated India.

The period from 1945-6 witnessed victory for the Muslim League in the general elections. The League had, by this time, gained momentum as the third force in India, together with the National Congress and the British. Jinnah eventually won the admiration of Gandhi who considered him Quaid-i-Azam (‘Great Leader’). Nationwide, he was regarded as a hero for British Indian Muslims.

In spite of the roller coaster ride on the road to Pakistan, Jinnah maintained steady strides. Upon Britain’s agreement to the partitioning of India in 1947 , Pakistan was birthed by uniting the Muslim-majority regions in the eastern and northwestern parts of British India.

brief biography of quaid e azam

The Death of Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Jinnah struggled with deteriorating health as a result of tuberculosis. He was believed to be a heavy smoker. He died in September 1948 at his Karachi home at age 71. Masses of people trooped to his burial service and a moment of deep grief swept through the nation.

Pakistan remains the most important legacy of Jinnah. Wolpert again referred to him in a speech in 1998 and described him as Pakistan’s greatest leader. The former Finance Minister of India, Jaswant Singh said “With Jinnah’s death Pakistan lost its moorings. In India, there will not easily arrive another Gandhi, nor in Pakistan another Jinnah.”

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah on women’s rights

Tags: British India India Muhammad Ali Jinnah Quaid-e-Azam

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

  • Next story  Top 10 Military Generals of World War I 
  • Previous story  T.S. Eliot: Biography, Notable Works and Accomplishments
  • Popular Posts
  • Recent Posts

brief biography of quaid e azam

History & Major Facts about the Charleston Hospital Strike in 1969

brief biography of quaid e azam

The Book of the Dead in Ancient Egypt

brief biography of quaid e azam

Religious Practices and Major Deities of Pre-Columbian Civilizations

brief biography of quaid e azam

Who was the Chinese Admiral Zheng He?

brief biography of quaid e azam

What were the Pre-Columbian Civilizations in America?

African Leaders

Greatest African Leaders of all Time

brief biography of quaid e azam

Queen Elizabeth II: 10 Major Achievements

brief biography of quaid e azam

Donald Trump’s Educational Background

Donald J. Trump

Donald Trump: 10 Most Significant Achievements

John F. Kennedy

8 Most Important Achievements of John F. Kennedy

brief biography of quaid e azam

Odin in Norse Mythology: Origin Story, Meaning and Symbols

Ragnor Lothbrok

Ragnar Lothbrok – History, Facts & Legendary Achievements

brief biography of quaid e azam

9 Great Achievements of Queen Victoria

U.S. Presidents

12 Most Influential Presidents of the United States

African Dictators

Most Ruthless African Dictators of All Time

brief biography of quaid e azam

Kwame Nkrumah: History, Major Facts & 10 Memorable Achievements

Hermes, the Greek god

Greek God Hermes: Myths, Powers and Early Portrayals

Rosa Parks

8 Major Achievements of Rosa Parks

brief biography of quaid e azam

How did Captain James Cook die?

Pharaohs of Egypt

10 Most Famous Pharaohs of Egypt

brief biography of quaid e azam

Kamala Harris: 10 Major Achievements

Elizabeth II versus Elizabeth I

The Exact Relationship between Elizabeth II and Elizabeth I

Poseidon

Poseidon: Myths and Facts about the Greek God of the Sea

brief biography of quaid e azam

Nile River: Location, Importance & Major Facts

brief biography of quaid e azam

Importance and Major Facts about Magna Carta

  • Adolf Hitler Alexander the Great American Civil War Ancient Egyptian gods Ancient Egyptian religion Aphrodite Apollo Athena Athens Black history Carthage China Civil Rights Movement Constantinople Egypt England France Germany Ghana Hathor Hera Horus India Isis John Adams Julius Caesar Loki Military Generals Military History Nobel Peace Prize Odin Osiris Pan-Africanism Queen Elizabeth I Ra Ragnarök Religion Set (Seth) Soviet Union Thor Timeline Women’s History World War I World War II Zeus

Home

QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

brief biography of quaid e azam

Father of the Nation Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's achievement as the founder  of Pakistan, dominates everything else he did in his long and crowded public life spanning some 42 years. Yet, by any  standard, his was an eventful life, his personality multidimensional and his achievements in other fields were many, if not  equally great. Indeed, several were the roles he had played with distinction: at one time or another, he was one of the  greatest legal luminaries India had produced during the first half of the century, an `ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity, a  great constitutionalist, a distinguished parliamentarian, a top-notch politician, an indefatigable freedom-fighter, a dynamic  Muslim leader, a political strategist and, above all one of the great nation-builders of modern times. What, however,  makes him so remarkable is the fact that while similar other leaders assumed the leadership of traditionally well-defined  nations and espoused their cause, or led them to freedom, he created a nation out of an inchoate and down-trodden  minority and established a cultural and national home for it. And all that within a decade. For over three decades before  the successful culmination in 1947, of the Muslim struggle for freedom in the South-Asian subcontinent, Jinnah had  provided political leadership to the Indian Muslims: initially as one of the leaders, but later, since 1947, as the only  prominent leader- the Quaid-i-Azam . For over thirty years, he had guided their affairs; he had given expression,  coherence and direction to their legitimate aspirations and cherished dreams; he had formulated these into concrete  demands; and, above all, he had striven all the while to get them conceded by both the ruling British and the numerous  Hindus the dominant segment of India's population. And for over thirty years he had fought, relentlessly and inexorably,  for the inherent rights of the Muslims for an honorable existence in the subcontinent. Indeed, his life story constitutes, as it  were, the story of the rebirth of the Muslims of the subcontinent and their spectacular rise to nationhood, phoenixlike . phoenixlike .

brief biography of quaid e azam

Political Career

brief biography of quaid e azam

Three years later, in January 1910, Jinnah was elected  to the newly-constituted Imperial Legislative Council. All through his parliamentary career, which spanned some four  decades, he was probably the most powerful voice in the cause of Indian freedom and Indian rights. Jinnah, who was also  the first Indian to pilot a private member's Bill through the Council, soon became a leader of a group inside the legislature.  Mr. Montagu (1879-1924), Secretary of State for India, at the close of the First World War, considered Jinnah "perfect  mannered, impressive-looking, armed to the teeth with dialectics..." Jinnah , he felt, "is a very clever man, and it is, of  course, an outrage that such a man should have no chance of running the affairs of his own country."

For about three decades since his entry into politics in 1906, Jinnah passionately believed in and assiduously worked for  Hindu-Muslim unity. Gokhale , the foremost Hindu leader before Gandhi, had once said of him, "He has the true stuff in  him and that freedom from all sectarian prejudice which will make him the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity: And,  to be sure, he did become the architect of Hindu-Muslim Unity: he was responsible for the Congress-League Pact of 1916,  known popularly as Luck now Pact- the only pact ever signed between the two political organizations, the Congress and  the All-India Muslim League, representing, as they did, the two major communities in the subcontinent.

The Congress-League scheme embodied in this pact was to become the basis for the Montagu-Chemlsford Reforms, also  known as the Act of 1919. In retrospect, the Luckhnow Pact represented a milestone in the evolution of Indian politics.  For one thing, it conceded Muslims the right to separate electorate, reservation of seats in the legislatures and weightage  in representation both at the Centre and the minority provinces. Thus, their retention was ensured in the next phase of  reforms. For another, it represented a tacit recognition of the All-India Muslim League as the representative organization  of the Muslims, thus strengthening the trend towards Muslim individuality in Indian politics. And to Jinnah goes the  credit for all this. Thus, by 1917, Jinnah came to be recognized among both Hindus and Muslims as one of India's most  outstanding political leaders. Not only was he prominent in the Congress and the Imperial Legislative Council, he was also  the President of the All-India Muslim League and that of the Bombay Branch of the Home Rule League. More importantly,  because of his key-role in the Congress-League entente at L uckhnow , he was hailed as the ambassador, of Hindu-Muslim  unity.

Constitutional Struggle

In subsequent years, however, he felt dismayed at the injection of violence into politics. Since Jinnah stood for "ordered progress", moderation, gradualism and constitutionalism, he felt that political violence was not the pathway to national liberation but, the dark alley to disaster and destruction.

In the ever-growing frustration among the masses caused by colonial rule, there was ample cause for extremism. But, Gandhi's doctrine of non-cooperation, Jinnah felt, even as Rabindranath Tagore(1861-1941) did also feel, was at best one of negation and despair: it might lead to the building up of resentment, but nothing constructive. Hence, he opposed tooth and nail the tactics adopted by Gandhi to exploit the Khilafat and wrongful tactics in the Punjab in the early twenties. On the eve of its adoption of the Gandhian programmed, Jinnah warned the Nagpur Congress Session (1920): "you are making a declaration (of Swaraj within a year) and committing the Indian National Congress to a programme, which you will not be able to carry out". He felt that there was no short-cut to independence and that any extra-constitutional methods could only lead to political violence, lawlessness and chaos, without bringing India nearer to the threshold of freedom.

The future course of events was not only to confirm Jinnah's worst fears, but also to prove him right. Although Jinnah left the Congress soon thereafter, he continued his efforts towards bringing about a Hindu-Muslim entente, which he rightly considered "the most vital condition of Swaraj". However, because of the deep distrust between the two communities as evidenced by the country-wide communal riots, and because the Hindus failed to meet the genuine demands of the Muslims, his efforts came to naught. One such effort was the formulation of the Delhi Muslim Proposals in March, 1927. In order to bridge Hindu-Muslim differences on the constitutional plan, these proposals even waived the Muslim right to separate electorate, the most basic Muslim demand since 1906, which though recognized by the Congress in the Luckhnow Pact, had again become a source of friction between the two communities. surprisingly though, the Nehru Report (1928), which represented the Congress-sponsored proposals for the future constitution of India, negated the minimum Muslim demands embodied in the Delhi Muslim Proposals.

In vain Jinnah argued at the National Convention of Congress in 1928 that "What we want is that Hindus and Mussalmans should march together until our objective is achieved...These two communities have got to be reconciled and united and made to feel that their interests are common". The Convention's blank refusal to accept Muslim demands represented the most devastating setback to Jinnah's life-long efforts to bring about Hindu-Muslim unity, it meant "the last straw" for the Muslims, and "the parting of the ways" for him, as he confessed to a Parsee friend at that time. Jinnah's disillusionment at the course of politics in the subcontinent prompted him to migrate and settle down in London in the early thirties. He was, however, to return to India in 1934, at the pleadings of his co-religionists, and assume their leadership. But, the Muslims presented a sad spectacle at that time. They were a mass of disgruntled and demoralized men and women, politically disorganized and destitute of a clear-cut political programme.

Muslim League Reorganized

Thus, the task that awaited Jinnah was anything but easy. The Muslim League was dormant: even its provincial organizations were, for the most part, ineffective and only nominally under the control of the central organization. Nor did the central body have any coherent policy of its own till the Bombay session (1936), which Jinnah organized. To make matters worse, the provincial scene presented a sort of a jigsaw puzzle: in the Punjab, Bengal, Sindh, the North West Frontier, Assam, Bihar and the United Provinces, various Muslim leaders had set up their own provincial parties to serve their personal ends. Extremely frustrating as the situation was, the only consolation Jinnah had at this juncture was in Allama Iqbal (1877-1938), the poet-philosopher, who stood steadfast by him and helped to chart the course of Indian politics from behind the scene.

Undismayed by this bleak situation, Jinnah devoted himself to the sole purpose of organizing the Muslims on one platform. He embarked upon country-wide tours. He pleaded with provincial Muslim leaders to sink their differences and make common cause with the League. He exhorted the Muslim masses to organize themselves and join the League. He gave coherence and direction to Muslim sentiments on the Government of India Act, 1935. He advocated that the Federal Scheme should be scrapped as it was subversive of India's cherished goal of complete responsible Government, while the provincial scheme, which conceded provincial autonomy for the first time, should be worked for what it was worth, despite its certain objectionable features. He also formulated a viable League manifesto for the election scheduled for early 1937. He was, it seemed, struggling against time to make Muslim India a power to be reckoned with.

Despite all the manifold odds stacked against it, the Muslim League won some 108 (about 23 per cent) seats out of a total of 485 Muslim seats in the various legislatures. Though not very impressive in itself, the League's partial success assumed added significance in view of the fact that the League won the largest number of Muslim seats and that it was the only all-India party of the Muslims in the country. Thus, the elections represented the first milestone on the long road to putting Muslim India on the map of the subcontinent. Congress in power with the year 1937 opened the most momentous decade in modern Indian history. In that year came into force the provincial part of the Government of India Act, 1935, granting autonomy to Indians for the first time, in the provinces.

The Congress, having become the dominant party in Indian politics, came to power in seven provinces exclusively, spurning the League's offer of cooperation, turning its back finally on the coalition idea and excluding Muslims as a political entity from the portals of power. In that year, also, the Muslim League, under Jinnah's dynamic leadership, was reorganized de novo, transformed into a mass organization, and made the spokesman of Indian Muslims as never before. Above all, in that momentous year were initiated certain trends in Indian politics, the crystallization of which in subsequent years made the partition of the subcontinent inevitable. The practical manifestation of the policy of the Congress which took office in July, 1937, in seven out of eleven provinces, convinced Muslims that, in the Congress scheme of things, they could live only on sufferance of Hindus and as "second class" citizens. The Congress provincial governments, it may be remembered, had embarked upon a policy and launched a programme in which Muslims felt that their religion, language and culture were not safe. This blatantly aggressive Congress policy was seized upon by Jinnah to awaken the Muslims to a new consciousness, organize them on all-India platform, and make them a power to be reckoned with. He also gave coherence, direction and articulation to their innermost, yet vague, urges and aspirations. Above all, he filled them with his indomitable will, his own unflinching faith in their destiny.

The New Awakening

As a result of Jinnah's ceaseless efforts, the Muslims awakened from what Professor Baker calls (their) "unreflective silence" (in which they had so complacently basked for long decades), and to "the spiritual essence of nationality" that had existed among them for a pretty long time. Roused by the impact of successive Congress hammerings, the Muslims, as Ambedkar (principal author of independent India's Constitution) says, "searched their social consciousness in a desperate attempt to find coherent and meaningful articulation to their cherished yearnings. To their great relief, they discovered that their sentiments of nationality had flamed into nationalism". In addition, not only had they developed" the will to live as a "nation", had also endowed them with a territory which they could occupy and make a State as well as a cultural home for the newly discovered nation. These two pre-requisites provided the Muslims with the intellectual justification for claiming a distinct nationalism (apart from Indian or Hindu nationalism) for themselves. So that when, after their long pause, the Muslims gave expression to their innermost yearnings, these turned out to be in favour of a separate Muslim nationhood and of a separate Muslim state.

Demand for Pakistan

brief biography of quaid e azam

"We are a nation", they claimed in the ever eloquent words of the Quaid-i-Azam- "We are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and nomenclature, sense of values and proportion, legal laws and moral code, customs and calendar, history and tradition, aptitudes and ambitions; in short, we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life. By all canons of international law, we are a nation". The formulation of the Muslim demand for Pakistan in 1940 had a tremendous impact on the nature and course of Indian politics. On the one hand, it shattered for ever the Hindu dreams of a pseudo-Indian, in fact, Hindu empire on British exit from India: on the other, it heralded an era of Islamic renaissance and creativity in which the Indian Muslims were to be active participants. The Hindu reaction was quick, bitter, and malicious.

Equally hostile were the British to the Muslim demand, their hostility having stemmed from their belief that the unity of India was their main achievement and their foremost contribution. The irony was that both the Hindus and the British had not anticipated the astonishingly tremendous response that the Pakistan demand had elicited from the Muslim masses. Above all, they failed to realize how a hundred million people had suddenly become supremely conscious of their distinct nationhood and their high destiny. In channeling the course of Muslim politics towards Pakistan, no less than in directing it towards its consummation in the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, none played a more decisive role than did Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It was his powerful advocacy of the case of Pakistan and his remarkable strategy in the delicate negotiations that followed the formulation of the Pakistan demand, particularly in the post-war period, that made Pakistan inevitable.

Cripps Scheme

While the British reaction to the Pakistan demand came in the form of the Cripps offer of April, 1942, which conceded the principle of self-determination to provinces on a territorial basis, the Rajaji Formula (called after the eminent Congress leader C.Rajagopalacharia, which became the basis of prolonged Jinnah-Gandhi talks in September, 1944), represented the Congress alternative to Pakistan. The Cripps offer was rejected because it did not concede the Muslim demand the whole way, while the Rajaji Formula was found unacceptable since it offered a "moth-eaten, mutilated" Pakistan and the too appended with a plethora of pre-conditions which made its emergence in any shape remote, if not altogether impossible. Cabinet Mission, the most delicate as well as the most tortuous negotiations, however, took place during 1946-47, after the elections which showed that the country was sharply and somewhat evenly divided between two parties- the Congress and the League- and that the central issue in Indian politics was Pakistan.

These negotiations began with the arrival, in March 1946, of a three-member British Cabinet Mission. The crucial task with which the Cabinet Mission was entrusted was that of devising in consultation with the various political parties, constitution-making machinery, and of setting up a popular interim government. But, because the Congress-League gulf could not be bridged, despite the Mission's (and the Viceroy's) prolonged efforts, the Mission had to make its own proposals in May, 1946. Known as the Cabinet Mission Plan, these proposals stipulated a limited centre, supreme only in foreign affairs, defense and communications and three autonomous groups of provinces. Two of these groups were to have Muslim majorities in the north-west and the north-east of the subcontinent, while the third one, comprising the Indian mainland, was to have a Hindu majority. A consummate statesman that he was, Jinnah saw his chance. He interpreted the clauses relating to a limited centre and the grouping as "the foundation of Pakistan", and induced the Muslim League Council to accept the Plan in June 1946; and this he did much against the calculations of the Congress and to its utter dismay.

Tragically though, the League's acceptance was put down to its supposed weakness and the Congress put up a posture of defiance, designed to swamp the League into submitting to its dictates and its interpretations of the plan. Faced thus, what alternative had Jinnah and the League but to rescind their earlier acceptance, reiterate and reaffirm their original stance, and decide to launch direct action (if need be) to wrest Pakistan. The way Jinnah maneuvered to turn the tide of events at a time when all seemed lost indicated, above all, his masterly grasp of the situation and his adeptness at making strategic and tactical moves.

Partition Plan

Partition Plan By the close of 1946, the communal riots had flared up to murderous heights, engulfing almost the entire subcontinent. The two peoples, it seemed, were engaged in a fight to the finish. The time for a peaceful transfer of power was fast running out. Realizing the gravity of the situation. His Majesty's Government sent down to India a new Viceroy- Lord Mountbatten. His protracted negotiations with the various political leaders resulted in 3 June (1947) Plan by which the British decided to partition the subcontinent, and hand over power to two successor States on 15 August, 1947. The plan was duly accepted by the three Indian parties to the dispute- the Congress the League and the Akali Dal (representing the Sikhs).

Leader of a Free Nation

brief biography of quaid e azam

In recognition of his singular contribution, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was nominated by the Muslim League as the Governor-General of Pakistan, while the Congress appointed Mountbatten as India's first Governor-General. Pakistan, it has been truly said, was born in virtual chaos. Indeed, few nations in the world have started on their career with less resources and in more treacherous circumstances. The new nation did not inherit a central government, a capital, an administrative core, or an organized defence force. The Punjab holocaust had left vast areas in a shambles with communications disrupted. This, alongwith the en masse migration of the Hindu and Sikh business and managerial classes, left the economy almost shattered.

The treasury was empty, India having denied Pakistan the major share of its cash balances. On top of all this, the still unorganized nation was called upon to feed some eight million refugees who had fled the insecurities and barbarities of the north Indian plains that long, hot summer. If all this was symptomatic of Pakistan's administrative and economic weakness, the Indian annexation, through military action in November 1947, of Junagadh (which had originally acceded to Pakistan) and the Kashmir war over the State's accession (October 1947-December 1948) exposed her military weakness. In the circumstances, therefore, it was nothing short of a miracle that Pakistan survived at all. That it survived and forged ahead was mainly due to one man-Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The nation desperately needed a charismatic leader at that critical juncture in the nation's history, and he fulfilled that need profoundly. After all, he was more than a mere Governor-General: he was the Quaid-i-Azam who had brought the State into being.

In the ultimate analysis, his very presence at the helm of affairs was responsible for enabling the newly born nation to overcome the terrible crisis on the morrow of its cataclysmic birth. He mustered up the immense prestige and the unquestioning loyalty he commanded among the people to energize them, to raise their morale, to raise the profound feelings of patriotism that the freedom had generated, along constructive channels. Though tired and in poor health, Jinnah yet carried the heaviest part of the burden in that first crucial year. He laid down the policies of the new state, called attention to the immediate problems confronting the nation and told the members of the Constituent Assembly, the civil servants and the Armed Forces what to do and what the nation expected of them. He saw to it that law and order was maintained at all costs, despite the provocation that the large-scale riots in north India had provided. He moved from Karachi to Lahore for a while and supervised the immediate refugee problem in the Punjab. In a time of fierce excitement, he remained sober, cool and steady. He advised his excited audience in Lahore to concentrate on helping the refugees, to avoid retaliation, exercise restraint and protect the minorities. He assured the minorities of a fair deal, assuaged their inured sentiments, and gave them hope and comfort. He toured the various provinces, attended to their particular problems and instilled in the people a sense of belonging. He reversed the British policy in the North-West Frontier and ordered the withdrawal of the troops from the tribal territory of Waziristan, thereby making the Pathans feel themselves an integral part of Pakistan's body-politics. He created a new Ministry of States and Frontier Regions, and assumed responsibility for ushering in a new era in Balochistan. He settled the controversial question of the states of Karachi, secured the accession of States, especially of Kalat which seemed problematical and carried on negotiations with Lord Mountbatten for the settlement of the Kashmir Issue.

The Quaid's last Message

It was, therefore, with a sense of supreme satisfaction at the fulfillment of his mission that Jinnah told the nation in his last message on 14 August, 1948: "The foundations of your State have been laid and it is now for you to build and build as quickly and as well as you can". In accomplishing the task he had taken upon himself on the morrow of Pakistan's birth, Jinnah had worked himself to death, but he had, to quote Richard Symons, "contributed more than any other man to Pakistan's survival". He died on 11 September, 1948.

A man such as Jinnah, who had fought for the inherent rights of his people all through his life and who had taken up the somewhat unconventional and the largely misinterpreted cause of Pakistan, was bound to generate violent opposition and excite implacable hostility and was likely to be largely misunderstood. But what is most remarkable about Jinnah is that he was the recipient of some of the greatest tributes paid to any one in modern times, some of them even from those who held a diametrically opposed viewpoint.

The Aga Khan considered him "the greatest man he ever met", Beverley Nichols, the author of `Verdict on India', called him "the most important man in Asia", and Dr. Kailashnath Katju, the West Bengal Governor in 1948, thought of him as "an outstanding figure of this century not only in India, but in the whole world". While Abdul Rahman Azzam Pasha, Secretary General of the Arab League, called him "one of the greatest leaders in the Muslim world", the Grand Mufti of Palestine considered his death as a "great loss" to the entire world of Islam. It was, however, given to Surat Chandra Bose, leader of the Forward Bloc wing of the Indian National Congress, to sum up succinctly his personal and political achievements. "Mr Jinnah" he said on his death in 1948, "was great as a lawyer, once great as a Congressman, great as a leader of Muslims, great as a world politician and diplomat, and greatest of all as a man of action. By Mr. Jinnah's passing away, the world has lost one of the greatest statesmen and Pakistan its life-giver, philosopher and guide". Such was Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the man and his mission, such the range of his accomplishments and achievements.

  • Sun. Feb 18th, 2024
  • Sample Page

Brief Culture

Pakistan's Latest News

Quaid-e-Azam's commencement – The Life of Founder of Pakistan

author

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah; a man of distinguished traits, striking figure and enigmatic personality, needs no introduction at all. As the world knows him for what he did, no other person could possibly have done. He is the one, who felt the urge to liberate Muslim community, residing in Indian subcontinent. And not just felt the compulsion to do so, rather being a man of action, he fulfilled his promise though. Not bothering the consequences, Quaid-e-Azam took upon the risk which was nevertheless worth its fruitful results. Having had a vision of, emancipating Muslims from British Indian Empire captivity and demarcating a distinct border line for them, was his utmost desire. Thereby, realizing his dream, through his strong will power and arduous nature, Mr. Jinnah finally gave us a homeland to breathe in freely without any fear. There are many lessons one can learn from the life of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Early Life and Education of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

The great leader was born on December 25, 1876 in the city of Sindh, Karachi, at Vazeer Mansion which has now been rebuilt and converted into monument. He was the eldest son of Poonja Jinnah. He was first enrolled in Sindh, Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi and acquired his early education from there. Going well along, he then attended Christian Missionary Society High School in Karachi. By the age of 16, he passed his Matriculation examination from the University of Bombay. Later, his father decided to send him to England for higher education; master the art of business dealings. But Quaid-e-Azam wished to pursue his education in the field of Law and become a barrister. Thereby he joined Lincoln’s Inn, which was regarded as a great institution in those times. While, before leaving for England, his parents got him married to Emibai, his cousin. But during his stay at London, not only his wife died but to his great sorrow, his beloved mother also left this world. It’s a great fact that Quaid-e-Azam’s grandfather was a Hindu who later converted to Islam, which eventually proved of utmost importance for rest of the Muslims in the times to come. Also said that Quaid joined Lincoln’s Inn because he saw Prophet’s (P.B.U.H) name at its entrance.

Entering into Practical and Political Life

Our foremost leader had always been a man of principles and firm beliefs and never compromised on his values. Fulfilling his commitments, used to be his utmost priority, which is why the dream of separate homeland came true in the form of Pakistan. Starting his law practice as the only Muslim Barrister in Bombay,he intelligently observed and adopted a strategy, where he operated within British Indian Empire while also planning out ways to rid Indian Muslims off them. He succeeded, to a great extent, in the urge to do so. Gandhi, however on the other hand abstained from adapting it. Once Jinnah, having had a very ethical and self-respected approach, was arguing in Court. A British judge interrupted several times bellowing Rubbish, to what he replied:

Your honor, nothing but rubbish has passed your mouth all morning

Impressed by his conduct, judicial member of the Bombay Provincial government, Sir Charles Ollivant offered him employment for Rs. 1500/- per month. But Jinnah refused to accept by saying that he would one day start earning the same amount, in a day. And he proved himself soon after that. As the founding founder of Pakistan said:

I do not believe in taking the right decision, I take a decision and make it right

In 1906, Quaid-e-Azam joined Indian National congress, right at the time when Muslim League was formed. But he did not join it there and then. In 1920, he resigned from congress as he realized that it was going against Indian Muslims.

Main Events that lead to the Creation of Pakistan

In 1928, Nehru report greatly disheartened Mr. Jinnah and the later events lead to the speedy partition of India and Pakistan. Soon, his passion turned into ambition of achieving partition of India through Two-Nation-Theory. In 1930, at Allahabad address, Allama Iqbal also revealed his great concern-the idea of creation of Pakistan. In 1940, Lahore resolution laid the foundation of freedom of Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah on one occasion said:

Any idea of a United India could never have worked and in my judgment, it would have led us to terrific disaster

His firm decisions and strong leadership skills lead to the freedom of Pakistan. Pakistani politicians are not as concerned as the great Quaid was, who in his struggle to provide us a life of comfort lost his life to bad health. I wish that the Pakistani leadership turns to be as strong as that of Quaid’s. Considering, say for instance, had Quaid and other great thinkers of that time (God-forbid) not been around, life of the people of Indian subcontinent would have been altogether different. We Pakistanis, always whining about the situation of Pakistan, take freedom earned through hard means, for granted. Do we ever take out the time to appreciate the blessings of a separate country, the magnificence and glory that it holds? Just ask yourselves what have you contributed towards the betterment of society? Have you given something, in return to this beautiful homeland of ours irrespective of what others do? Because, it takes great leaders like Quaid-e-Azam, to be this considerate, to have changed fate of the larger part of community single-handedly. And I certainly do ask you to ask yourself; have you even least bit contributed towards our dearly beloved Pakistan? If so, then how? If not, then you should. Quoting our great leader here for raising the morale of our youth, who said:

We have undoubtedly achieved Pakistan, and that too without bloody war, practically peacefully, by moral and intellectual force, and with the power of the pen, which is no less mighty than that of the sword and so our righteous cause has triumphed. Are we now going to besmear and tarnish this greatest achievement for which there is no parallel in the history of the world? Pakistan is now a fait accompli and it can never be undone, besides, it was the only just, honourable, and practical solution of the most complex constitutional problem of this great subcontinent. Let us now plan to build and reconstruct and regenerate our great nation.

Similar Posts

Which social network you should use and why.

author

Gul Panra is taking Pashto music to new heights

author

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

"Gandhi died by the hands of an assassin: Jinnah died by his devotion to Pakistan" 2

A brief sketch of Quaid’s life from August 14, 1947 to September 11, 1948

“I wish administration should work efficiently and they shouldn’t expect from me that I would ignore delay in the work without any solid reason”

“I have got too much to do. I cannot waste my time” 4

“He will defend every inch of Pakistan unless he is thrown into Indian Ocean” 5

“Quaid-e-Azam safeguarded the treasury of the government like a custodian” 7

“They are unable to understand this fact that a particular group of people who want to make an deliberate mischief by propagating that the constitution of Pakistan will not be founded on Sharia ’a. Islamic principles are applicable to life today in the same manner as they were applicable 1300 years before. Let us make this (constitution). We will make it and we will show it to the whole world” 8

“Quaid-e-Azam announced 101 times before the partition of Pakistan that the edifice of the Pakistan will be raised on Islamic principles and after the partition he asserted it 14 times that the governing law, constitution and the structure of the state will be erected on Islamic fundamentals. He affirmed several times that the Holy Quran is our guide and we must take the light of guidance from the Quran”

“Do you think Quaid-e-Azam’s order will be more effective than the orders of the Holy Quran? Never! The people who do not follow the decree of the Holy Quran, they will never follow the orders of Quaid-e-Azam”

Quaid-e-Azam's Foreign Policy

“Peace should be our objective inside as well as outside the country. We desire to remain peaceful and want to maintain sincere relationship with our closer neighbors and the world at large. We don’t nurture any aggressive intentions against anyone. We support the charter of United Nations. We will play our vital role for world peace and prosperity”

“In Aril 1948 when some prominent Iranian journalists visited Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam arranged a lunch for them and advised them to play their role to unite Muslim Ummah”. 13

“Yes, if India diminishes its superiority complex and maintain relationship with Pakistan on the basis of equity, and try to comprehend the realities.”

“Pakistan will not take dictation from any country. The authority to change the name of the province is not with the government; only constitutional assembly can do that”

brief biography of quaid e azam

A Cultural Journal

brief biography of quaid e azam

Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah: The Leader with Style and Panache

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah Posing Next to His Car, Circa 1920

There is no denying that Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, one of the political giants of the 20th Century who shaped the map of the modern world, was a very private man. But besides his political legacy, his taste and sense of style has continued to fascinate aficionados of the Quaid.

His family of modest means was settled in the Kharadar district of Karachi , a thriving urban center. His parents, Jinnah Bhai Poonja and Sakina Bano , moved into a two-story apartment in a building constructed by Wazir Ali Ponawala – now referred to as Wazir Mansion. From an early age, Jinnah carried a disposition befitting the role he was to play in future. As a young boy, he preferred to play Cricket instead of Marbles, because he did not want his hands and clothes to get dusty. His grace, sophistication, and charm only grew with time.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah as a Young Barrister

Mr. Jinnah soon became the highest earning lawyer in India, and his lifestyle resembled that of a well endowed aristocrat. According to Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India from 1943-1947 , “Mr. Jinnah was one of the handsomest men I have ever seen; he combined the clear cut, almost Grecian features of the West with oriental grace and movement.” It came as no surprise that Mr. Jinnah was adored by women for his distinguished fashion sense. Dina , his daughter, lovingly called him a “dandy”. A British general’s wife once recalled, “He (Mr. Jinnah) has a great personality. He talks the most beautiful English. He models his clothes and his manners on Du Maurier, the actor, and his English on Burke’s speeches. I have always wanted to meet him and now I had my wish.”

Mr. Jinnah was widely followed, documented, and photographed all his life, but was always impeccably turned out. According to his biographer Stanely Wolpert, he “came to own over 200 suits, which he wore with heavily starched shirts with detachable collars, and as a barrister took pride in never wearing the same silk tie twice.” He mostly fancied light colours and wore cream, beige or light grey suits. Mr. Jinnah wore size 10 shoes, noticeable for their sheen even in the archival photos.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah at Home with His Dogs

The footwear in his collection comprised boots, slipon shoes, sandals, slippers, khoosa type shoes and his favourite black pump "Grugabi" (a slipon with bow), which he used on several ceremonial occasions. Most of his shoes were made in England and France, and his bespoke suits were tailored by Messers Lesley and Roberts, London, Watson Fagerstrom and Hughes Ltd London, Laffan's Bombay, and Muhammad Tailors, Dehli.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah in his Malabar Hill Home

His taste in cars was also expensive. When in London, he would go around in a chauffeur driven Bentley, and in India he used a top of the line Rolls-Royce and a Cadillac. He always smoked his favourite A. Craven cigarettes, and owned the finest collection of Havana cigars.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah's Rolls Royce Car

His monocle and pocket watches were style statements. In a display corner adjacent to his mausoleum in Karachi, one can see a collection of his personal items like ivory napkin holders, a silver cigarette case and his typical cigarette lighter, a collection of his canes, breeches, his top-of-the-line golf clubs, a fine silk handkerchief and handmade buckskin shoes. Most of his personal items, clothing and accessories were personalized with his initials, “M.A.J.”.

He ate little, but breakfast was always the most meal important for him. He would either take a scrambled or three quarter boiled egg, and one toast with a little butter, honey or marmalade in the morning. He also liked siri-paaye and enjoyed having it once or twice a month. According to Dina Jinnah, her father mostly liked to have curry and rice served on his dining table, and sometimes took a piece of naan. He always had two cooks, one Indian and one Irish. Having spent a large part of his life in England, he was very fond of fish and chips. In fruits, he especially relished mangoes and grapes.

In the 1930’s and more so after Partition, Mr. Jinnah adopted a national dress, and made the Sherwani fashionable. He either paired it with a choridar (tight pajamas) or a shalwar, but almost always topped it with the karakul cap, which is now more widely referred to as Jinnah cap. The cap is traditionally made up of the fur of the Qaraqul or Karakul breed of sheep, found in the desert areas of Central Asia. Such was the commitment to sophistication and propriety in Mr. Jinnah even when he was critically sick and on his deathbed, he insisted on being formally dressed. "I will not travel in my pajamas,” he was reported to have said.

Along with his distinct sense of style, was his love of property, starting with his prized residence in the posh Malabar Hill neighborhood of Bombay. The sea facing, 10,000 square meters’ house was built in 1936, at an enormous price of 2 lacs. It was designed by architect Claude Batley, in European-style architecture with exquisite Italian marble and walnut woodwork. Imported Italian stonemasons were employed for its construction, with Mr. Jinnah personally supervising. He also owned a house in Hampstead, one of the most exclusive and expensive areas of real estate in London, and stayed there during his time in England. He was often photographed spending time there with his daughter, his sister Fatima Jinnah, and his beloved hounds.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah with His Daughter Dina in Their Hampstead Home

Another house owned by Mr. Jinnah is located at 10 Aurangzeb Road, Delhi, referred to as the Lutyens Bungalow Zone. The British built this community as a collection of sprawling bungalows and vast open spaces, fit for the best in India’s new capital city. Jinnah lived here between 1938 and 1947. Some of the most lavish parties and historic meetings were held in this house. In particular, the 1939 meeting between Jinnah, Gandhi and Rajenda Prasad (India’s first president), in which he brought up the concept of a separate Muslim homeland.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Jinnah's Home on 10 Aurangzeb Road, Delhi

Lastly, the imposing Quaid-e-Azam House in Karachi, at the crossing of Shahrah-e-Faisal and Fatima Jinnah Road, Staff Lines, Karachi Cantonment served as his official residence till his death, and has now been converted to a museum. Mr. Jinnah purchased this property on 14th August 1943 from Mr. Sorab Kavasji Katrak, a former Mayor of Karachi.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Flagstaff House Karachi

Jinnah carved out a country for the Indian Muslims against all odds, after a constitutional and a democratic struggle. His vision and concept of Pakistan was based on the principles of equal rights of citizenship for people of different religious denominations and ethnicities, a tolerant and pluralist Pakistan.

For more pictures from Quaid-e-Azam's life, click here .

You may also like:

brief biography of quaid e azam

Reminiscing about the Lost Charm of the Single Screen Cinemas

(February 16, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Alamgir Hotel: A legacy that lives on

(February 15, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Dr. Sadeed Arif: A Notable Pakistani Archaeologist

(February 14, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

A Closer Look at Pakistan's Award Shows

(February 13, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Architecture that Adapts: A Look into Kinetic Design

(February 12, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Chinese New Year 2024: Year of the Dragon

(February 09, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Drama Review: Khaie Portrays Pahstun Society in a Problematic Way

(February 07, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Nayab: The Film That Could Have Been a Drama

(February 06, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Kashmir's Cry for Freedom

(February 03, 2024)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Gallery 6 begins 2024 with Burgeoning Icons

(February 02, 2023)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Editorial: Missing the Quaid-e-Azam!

brief biography of quaid e azam

70 Years of Pakistan Series

A message from ambassador nong rong on the occasion of the chinese new year.

As the new year begins, let us also start anew. I’m delighted to extend, on behalf of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and in my own name, new year’s greeting and sincere wishes to YOULIN magazine’s staff and readers.

Only in hard times can courage and perseverance be manifested. Only with courage can we live to the fullest. 2020 was an extraordinary year. Confronted by the COVID-19 pandemic, China and Pakistan supported each other and took on the challenge in solidarity. The ironclad China-Pakistan friendship grew stronger as time went by. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor projects advanced steadily in difficult times, become a standard-bearer project of the Belt and Road Initiative in balancing pandemic prevention and project achievement. The handling capacity of the Gwadar Port has continued to rise and Afghanistan transit trade through the port has officially been launched. The Karakoram Highway Phase II upgrade project is fully open to traffic. The Lahore Orange Line project has been put into operation. The construction of Matiari-Lahore HVDC project was fully completed. A batch of green and clean energy projects, such as the Kohala and Azad Pattan hydropower plants have been substantially promoted. Development agreement for the Rashakai SEZ has been signed. The China-Pakistan Community of Shared Future has become closer and closer.

Reviewing the past and looking to the future, we are confident to write a brilliant new chapter. The year 2021 is the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan. The 100-year journey of CPC surges forward with great momentum and China-Pakistan relationship has flourished in the past 70 years. Standing at a new historic point, China is willing to work together with Pakistan to further implement the consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries, connect the CPEC cooperation with the vision of the “Naya Pakistan”, promote the long-term development of the China-Pakistan All-weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership with love, dedication and commitment. Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the founding father of Pakistan said, “We are going through fire. The sunshine has yet to come.” Yes, Pakistan’s best days are ahead, China will stand with Pakistan firmly all the way.

YOULIN magazine is dedicated to promoting cultural exchanges between China and Pakistan and is a window for Pakistani friends to learn about China, especially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is hoped that with the joint efforts of China and Pakistan, YOULIN can listen more to the voices of readers in China and Pakistan, better play its role as a bridge to promote more effectively people-to-people bond.

Last but not least, I would like to wish all the staff and readers of YOULIN a warm and prosper year in 2021.

Nong Rong Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of The People’s Republic of China to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan January 2021

    Art

    film,     theatre,     music,     food,     sports,     travel,     architecture & heritage,     philanthropy,     tv drama,     comedy,     literature,     festival,     environment,     history,     campus diary,     pak-china friendship,     social initiative.

Most Popular

brief biography of quaid e azam

Sign up free for weekly newsletter

Editorial: Why the Quaid e Azam has been vindicated!

Youlin magazine.

  • Picture Gallery
  • Video Gallery

City Events

  • Islamabad Events
  • Lahore Events
  • Karachi Events
  • Movies' Showtimes
  • Film Reviews
  • Art Reviews
  • Food Reviews
  • Film and Theatre
  • Food and Restaurants
  • Travelogues
  • Architecture and Heritage
  • Philanthropy
  • Giving Back
  • Environment
  • Travel in China
  • Hum Naujawan
  • Women's Success Stories
  • The Quaid Series
  • 中文 (Chinese)

Copyright © 2012-2024 All rights reserved by Youlin Magazine

www.youlinmagazine.com

Youlin Magazine Facebook

URDU BIOGRAPHY

Biography of Famous Personalities of Pakistan

  • National Heroes
  • Pak – History
  • Poet and Writers
  • Politicians
  • Social Workers

brief biography of quaid e azam

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was Born in 25 December 1876 on The founder of Pakistan Quaid-e-Azam. His father name was Jinnah Poonja. His early education from Sindh Madaressat-ul-Islam. He was the famous lawyer of his time. He founded a new country knows as Pakistan on ideology of teaching of Islam. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah died on 11 September 1948. His tomb is in the Karachi. This is Patiot place for all the Pakistan. In this page you will read Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah biography in Urdu and Roman Urdu.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah In Urdu

brief biography of quaid e azam

Pakistan kay bani Baba-e-Qaum aur Quaid-e-Azam pakistan ki tareekh kay wahid ghair motanaza quaid jin ki wal wala anghaiz qayadat nay Bare Saghir ki siasat ka dhara badal diya aur tareekh mein pehli bar nazariya ki bunyad par aik naie riyasat ko janam diya, 25 December 1876 mein Karachi kay aik Muslim Rajput gharane mein paida huye. Quaid-e-Muhammad Ali Jinnah kay walid garami ka naam Jinnah Poonja tha aur woh aik mumtaz tajir thay. App kay ajdad Gujrat kathiwar say hijrat kar kay Karachi aye tha.

Quaid-e-Azam ki taleem ki ibteda1882 Karachi kay School say hoi. Jahan app nay Gujrati ki 4 class tak taleem hasil ki. Iss kay bad app Sindh Madressatul Islam Karachi mein dakhil huye lakin yehan chand mah hi guzarne kay bad app Bombay (Mojoda Mumbai) chalay gaye jaha Anjuman Islam High School mein dakhil huye magar yehan bhi app zaida arsa na rahay aur Karachi wapas a kar phir say Madressatul Islam mein dakhil huwe yaha primary ki taleem mukamal karnay kay baad app church Mission School Karachi dhakil huye. January 1893 mein app Englistan gaye. Quaid Azam jab yehan aye to walid kay karobar ko taraqi dene ki garz say thay lakin zati dilchapi nay app ko Law ki taleem ki taraf ragib hone par amada kiya aur app yeaha kay mashor taleemi adarae link zane mein dakhil huwe aur 1896 mein barrister ki degree hasil karnay mein kamiyab rahay.

Iss asna mein Karachi mein app kay walid ka karobar tabahi ka shikar tha. Quaid-e-Azam kay walid nay doran-e-taleem hi app say wapas ane kay liye kah diya tha lakin app nay in ko tasali di aur yaqeen dilaya kay taleem mukammal karnay kay baad app in kay sare bojh uthalan gay. App nay apna ye wada such kar dekhaya. 1897 mein Muhammad Ali Jinnah nay Bombay (Mojoda Mumbai) say ba hasiyat barrister wakalat ka aghaz kiya aur jald hi app ka shumar mulk kay saf-e-awal kay wakla mein honay laga. 1900 mein Mumbai High Court mein app ka taqrrar ba hasiyat advocate huya. 1905 mein Congrees mein shamoliat akhtayar ki. 1909 mein Bombay Precedence kay Muslim halka intekhab say app bila muqabla supreme counsel kay rukun muntakhib huye aur 1910 mein qanon saz konsil kay rukun banay.

1912 mein Kolcata mein Muslim League kay salana iglas mein sirkat. 1913 mein Muslim Leauge mein sirkat akhtayar karli. Quaid-e-Azam nay sub say pehlay wakeel (Advocate) kay tour par shurat hasil ki practice kay agaz mein jab har wakeel dalelon ka sahara leta hai. Muhammad Ali Jinnah nay iss say ijtenab kiya. Sarkari muqadmaat kay liye sarkari afsaron ki khushamad say bhi app nay inkar kardiya residency magistrate muqarar kiye gaye to app nay police ki najaiz hamayat say inkar kardiya aur apnay uhday say mustafi ho kar practice shuro kar di. justice hazrat iss noukhaiz barrister ki qadar kartay. Inn ko na dabaya ja sakta tha aur na khareda ja sakta tha precise kay liye in kay apnay usool thay 500 rupees yomia fees late thay. Aik muqil nay puray muqadma kay liye 5000 rupe fees tay karna chahi lakin app nay apne usool ko tark karnay say inkar kardiya. Moukil ki tawaqat o khadsaat kay bar akas app nay sirf 3 tareekhon mein muqadma jeet liya aur iss say sirf 1500 rupees fees liye. Aik dusray moukil nay inhein undaze kay mutabiq 10 hazar rupe ada kar dia tha lakin app nay apna haq 3500 ropay wasool kar kay baqi 6500 rupees wapas lota diye. Gareeb logon kay muqadmat app bila mavza bhi lartay thay bal kay bazz mustehaq logon ki darkhuwast par court fees aur degar akhrajat bhi apnay jaib say ada kartay thay.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah nay jab Siasat mein dilchaspi ka agaaz app kay qiyam Englistan say hi ho chuka tha. Hindustan wapsi kay bad mulki halat nay app ki dilchaspi ko barhaya aur app nay sirgarmi say siasat mein hissa lena shuro kardiya. Agaz app nay Muttahida Hindustan kay azeem rehnuma Gokhale ki ham raqabi mein kia aur Al India konress mein samil hogaye. Ye woh dour tha jab ao yaqeen rakhtay thay kay Hindoun aur Musalmano ko mil kar Hindustan ki azadi kay liye jado jehad karni chahiye aur isi souch kay tehat app nay dono aqwam mein paye jane wali ghalat fehmiyon ko door karnay aur in mein itehad hum ahindagi ko frog dene ki koshish ki app ki koshison ki badolat app ko “Hindu Muslim itehad ka safeer” ka khatab mila. 1913 mein app nay Muslim League mein bhi shamoliyat akhtayar karli aur mulki siasat mein hissa letay rahay. App ki pehli shadi Englistan janay say pehlay 1892 mein hoye thi lakin app kay qiyame Eglistan kay doran hi inn ka intiqal hogaya. Quaid Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah ki dosri shadi 1918 Bombay ki aik mashor parsi shakhsiyat Sir Dinesha Patriot ki beti Rutan bai Patriot say hoi jo nikah say qabal halka bagosh Islam ho chuki thi. App ka Islami nam Marium rakha gaya. App kay batan say 15 August 1919 ko aik beti paida hoi jis ka nam Dina Jinnah rakha gaya Marium Begum ka inteqal 1929 mein huwa.

Quaid-e-Azam ki siasi, samaji zindagi kay nasheb-o-faraz ki dastan bohot taweel hai. Jinna in chand safat ziyadti mein simatna hogi mein bohot zada behtar samjhta ho kay app ki siasi zindagi ka ahtat karnay kay bajaye mukhtasir alfaz mein is ki roh ko app ko app kay samne bayan kardo. Quaid-e-azam tareekh ki aik mumtaz shaksiyat hain jin say dost dushman sabhi mutasir huwe. Talib ilm ki hasiyat say woh in gine chune talib ilm mein say thay jo mamoli tour par zeheen hone kays sath sath farz shanas aur mehnati bhi hote hain. Siasi tour par is had tak ba shaour thay kay jab app kay Qayam-e-Englistan kay doran lord Salsibri nay “kaloon” kay khelaf zehar ugla to app nay Dadabhai Noroje kay intekhab mein shab o roz kam kiya. Muhammad Ali Jinnah nay qanon ki taleem kay liye Enlistan mein iss liye dakhla liya kay is kay bahir duniya kay maroof qanon Hindustan mein Hazrat Muhammad ka nam bhi darj tha app nay mahsoos kiya kay yeaha ki fiza u dusre adarao ki nasbat behtar hogi woh kisi mazhabi gharanay mein paida nahi huwe the lakin Islam kay asalo ko khalos dil say mante thay in ki akolti beti nay jab ghair Muslim say shadi karli to app nay umar bhar is say mulaqat na k.

Siasatdan ki hasiyat say Quaid-e-Azam ka kirdar be dag hai woh apni raye kay mutabiq iqdamat kartay huwe iss ki kitni bhi mukhalfat kiun na ho woh Congress kay rukan the aur Muslim itehad kay kawaha thay. Chunacha app nay misaq Luckhnow kay zariye dono ko mutahad kar kay chora lakin jab Hindo ki asal zehniyat app par muntashaf hogai to app Hindo kay daow mein phir kabhi nahi aye. App angrezo say haqoq hasil karnay aur gair mulki samraj say nijat pane mein hamesha sanjeda rahay. Muhammad Ali Jinnah ka Congress kay is wafad mein shamil thay. Jis kay mutalbat par 1919 ki islahat nafiz ki gai Rolette Act kay khilaf ahtejaj kartay huwe markazi counselor say istefa app ki jurat o khulus ka ayena dar hain. Quaid-e-Azam ghair dastori tareeqa kar ko pasand karte thay. App nay satiya garahi siasat ki hamesha mukhalfat ki. App nay tehreek khilafat kay haq mein zurdar bayan diya lakin soul na farmani mein shirkat say inkear kardiya aur iss maslah par congress say istefa day diya baye huma khud inhone nay is waqt tak qanon saz counsal ki ruknaiyat qabool nahi ki jab tak congress nay bay cout ki polivey turk nahi ki is qanon pasandi kay ba wajod jab inhein nay muslim qoum kay haquq kay tahafuz kay liye riyasat aqdamat say graiz na kiya gandhi jee apni ayadat nay siyasat say achot leder Dr. Ubaid kar ko dhoka dene mein kamiyab hogaye lakin Quaid -e-Azam par guf-o-shandahi kay liye war karnay kay bawajud is mein kamiyab na ho sake.

Siasat mein Quaid-e-Azam “fair play” kay qayil thay woh siasat ko shatar anj say tashba dete the lakin woh is khel ko chand asolo kay tehat hi khelte the inhone nazuk tareen surat hall mein bhi votes ki khared o furukht nay mana kardiya inhone subai ledaro ko wuzrat ki khatir batne say mana kiya aur qoum kay asal mufadat kay tahafuz par zor diya batour qoumi ledeer app ka kamal ye hai kay app nay aise sathiuo ki miyatain mein hasul pakistan ki jang jiti jin kay bare mein in ki raye kuch zada buland na thi aur jinhone Quaid ki wafat kay bad apne kirdar ki kahmiuo ka bharpur muzahera kiya. Quaid-e-Azam kay baray mein in kay dost dushamn is bat par mutafiq hain kay inhe khareda nahi ja sakta tha. surojee night nay in ko aisa leder qarar day diya tha. Jasay na baddiyanat kaha jasake na khareda ja sake iss ki wazahat kay liye sirf ye waqaya kafi hai kay Goal Maize Confranance kay bad remaiz maikedland Wazeer-e-Azam Britannia jis ki khusnudi hasil karnay kay liye congress leader is ka tawaf kartay thay app say kaha hum bohot jald Hindustan ko khud mukhtar karna chahtay hain. aur mujhe chand aise hidnsutan ki talsh hai jo subai governor banaye ja sake is par app nay foran jawab diya kay app mujhe rishwat dena chahtay hain mahatma ghandi nay bhi ateraf kiya tha kay woh serat-o- kirdar ki in bulandiuon par hai kay koi lalach koi khouf aur koi tana inhe apni rah say hata nahi sakta.

Angraiz quaideen ki bhi app kay bare mein bohot alla raye thi. 1919 ki Islahat say qabal jab app nay wazeer-e-Amour Hindu lard Mount ge say mulaqat ki aur Congress ki taraf say islahat ka mutalba peish kiya to is bat par bohot afsos ka izhar kiya kay aisa qabil admi apne mulk ka intezam chalane say mehroom rakhe gaye hai. Charchal nay app ko behtreen siasatdan aur zehan-o- fateen leader qarar diya. Quaid-e-Azam kay buland kirdar ki gawahi in tamam logon nay bhi di hai jin kay khilaf lar kar unhein apna maqsad hasil karna para. Mir jinnah apne irado aur apni raye mein be had sakht hai un kay rawiye mein koi loch nahi pai jati woh muslim qoum kay mukhlis rehnuma hi nahi bal kay suche wakeel bhi hain. Raj Gopal Acharya jis nay 1944 ki gufto o shaned mein app ko chakar dene kay tamam hurbey istemal kiye the lakin na kam raha tha, app kay bare mein likha hai “Quaid-e-Azam buland paya shaksiyat kay hamil isnan hai. Unki mulk mein zabardast maqboliyat haseel hai. Un ki andhi pairvi ki ja rahi hai aur ye hi suchi hamdardi bhi hai” Nehro nay bhi ateraf kiya kay “Quaid-e-Azam ki ala serat o kirdar woh mousar harba thi jis kay zariye unhone nay apni zindagi bhar kay muarkay sar kiye.”

Abul Kalam Azad nay mana kay woh har maslah thanday dil say jaiza latay thay. Aur ye hi un ki kamiyabi ka sub say bara raz tha. Allama Mashriqi nay likha kay woh “Aik jarri aur bay bak sipahi tha. Mukhalfaon say takrane mein koi bak mehsos nahi karta tha.”App ki wafat par Jorge Marshal Americi wazeer-e-kharja nay apne paigham mein app ko munfarid rehnuma qarar diya, Americi Sadar nay likha kay app mein “Lagan aur dhun aisi pai jati thi kay kam hi insano ko apne maqsad kay liye hasil hoti hai.” Sir Agha khan Soum jinhonay nifs sadi say zaida Bar e Saghir kay mamlat mein qaum ki rehnumai ki aur azadi ki puri tehrek aik wase ul zarf aur farakh dil rehnuma ki hasiyat say dekhi aur yurop aur America kay bohot say rehnumao ko bhi bohot qareeb say dekha, Muhammad Ali Jinnah kay bare mein likhtay hain mein nay apni zindagi mein jatnay insan say mila hon woh in sub say azeem tareen thay. “Dr.Ashiq Hussian Batalvi nay likha hai woh itni buland shaksiyat thay. Jatnay Imam bin Tamia RH thay. Iss liye kay Ibmay Tamia nay musalmano ko Tatariyon say bachaya. Jab kay Quaid-e-Azam nay Musalmanon ko hindoyon ki chehra dastiuo say mehfoz kiya.” Maroof sahafi Bero Lay Nakolas nay 1945 mein unhein Asia ka azeem tareen insan qarar diya tha. Maroof Congress rehnuma aur pandit nehro ki hameshira waje lakshami pandit nay thek kaha tha kay agar Muslim league kay pass aik100 Gandhi aur 200 Abul Kalam Azad hotay aur congress kay pass sirf aik Muhammad Ali Jinnah hotay to Hindustan kabhi taqseem na hota.

Death of Quaid-e-Azam

Qayam-e-Pakistan kay bad app Pakistan kay pehle Governor General bane lakin bad qismat say app ka saya arsa saro par qaim na reh saka. 11 September 1948 ko app ka inteqal hogaya aur umat mulema iss azeem hasti say mehrom hogai meri nigha mein app ki shakhsiyat par sub say jama o pur moayne tabsara app kay sanah nigar satelne walpourt nay kiya is nay kaha bohot kum log asia hotay hain jo tareekh mein dhara badal datay hain aur aisay log to aur bhi kum hotay hain jo duniya ka naksha badal kar rakhdetay hain aur aisa to koi koi hota hai jo aik naie mumlikat qaim karday Muhammad Ali Jinnah aik aisi shakhsiyat hain Jinhon nay aik waqt teno karname kar dekhaye.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Lamha ba Lamha

1876 25, December ko Karachi mein paida hoye.

1882 un ki ibtadaye taleem ka aghaz.

1892 sola 16 sal ki umar mein Matriculation aur Barrister ki taleem kay lia Englistan gaye, London ki mashoor qanoni darsga Linkan in mein dakhla, Mrs. Dada Bhai Noroje kay election ka hangama aur iss mein Mrs. Jinnnah ki amli sargarmiyaan. 21 sal ki umar mein Barristeri ka imtehan pass kar kay Karachi wapsi.

1897 kuch arsa Karachi aur phir Bombay mein practice ka aghaz.

1900 Precedence Magistrate Bombay.

1905 Mrs. Dada Bhai Noroje “Congress, Ijlas Kolkata” kay private secratory ki hasiyat say Congress mein sirkat.

1909 Supreme council kay lia bila mokabla intakhab.

1910 Ijlas Congress ( Allahabad) mein shirkat.

1913 Muslim League mein shirkat.

1913 India Council ki hayat tarkibi per sakht nuqta cheeni.

1914 Congress ki wafad mein shirkat aur London larangi.

1915 mein Congress League kay ittehad kay lia masaye.

1916 All India Muslim League kay Iglas Lukhnow mein shirkat, Misaq-e-lukhnow.

1917 Home Roll League kay sadar ki hasiyat kay Bombay mein hangama parwar taqree.

1918 Congress mein har dil aziz Sir Dinesha Patriot ki sahabzadi Mrs.Rutan Bai Patriot ko musharraf ba Islam kar kay nikah.

1919 Rowlatt Acts kay khalaf batore ahtajaj Imperial Council say istafa.

1920 Congress say alehdgi.

1921 Bombay mein taqrir, Mr.Gandhi ki siyasi hiqmat amali say sakth ikhtalaf.

1926 Hindo Muslim itehad kay lia aik naya formula pesh kiya. Congress ka inkar.

1927 Kolkata mein Muslim League ka iglas ki Sadarat, Zabardast jado jehad ka aaghaz.

1928 Congress say sakht ikhtalaf.

December 1928 All Party Confrence mein Nehro Report ki sakht mukhalfat.

March 1929 markazi Assembly mein Motilal Nehro say report par jharap Roshan Thator Dehli mein Muslim Leage ka iglas, 14 nukat ka alaan.

1930 mein pehli Goal Maize Conference ke lia London rawangi.

1930 say 1934 Hindustan ki siasat say aarzi kinara kashi.

1935 Jinnah, Rajandra Prasad formula baraye tasfia huqoq aqliat.

1941: National defense council mein shirkat se inkar aur viceroy ko jawab.

1942: Craps ki tajawiz par izhar e mayosi. (ijlas) Muslim league Allahabad.

1943: Qatilana hamla.

1944 Apirl: Mr. Raj Gopal Acharya taqseem e hind ka aik formula Quaid e Azam ko bhejte hain.

September: Gandhi Ji se tawil gufto shanid.

1945: Shimla conference.

1946: Markazi aur sobai intekhabat ke leye jid o jehad. Muslim league ki zabardsat kamyabi.

April 1946 : Kabina wafad ka dora e hind aur iss se muzakrat.

May 1946: Kabina wafd ki tajawiz ki manzori.

August 1946 : “Rast iqdam” Muslim league ka naya fasla.

December 1946: Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah ka Sarf e London.

1947 January: kabina tajawiz.

April 1947: Lord Mountbatten ki jado jehad aur Muslim league ka rad e amal.

June 1947: Taqseem e hind ki scheme ka elan.

June 1947 : All India radio nai Delhi se pheli aur akhiri taqrir.

7 August 1947 : Bahesiyat e awal Governor General Mumlikat e Pakistan, safar barae Karachi .

11 August 1947 : Pakistan mein majlis e dastor saz mein khutba e Sadarat.

13 August 1947 : Lord Mountbatten ke ezaz mein Governor General house karachi mein ziyafat. Quaid e Azam ki taqrir.

14 August 1947: Qayam e Pakistan ka elan.

14 August 1947 : Majlis e dastor saz Pakistan ke iftetah par taqrir.

18 August 1947: Qaum ke naam Eid ka paigham.

25 August 1947 : Karachi corporation ke sheri sipah naame ka jawab.

26 September 1947 : Karachi mein Walika Carkhana parch bani ka iftetah.

11 October 1947 : Civil, Behri aur foji afsaron (Officers) se khidmat e watan ke leye appeal.

24 October 1947: Eid ul Azah ka paigham.

30 October 1947: Punjab university ke medan mein kai lakh admiyon ke majme se khitab aur fasadat se mutasir musalmaon ko sabr o zabt ki talqeen.

27 November 1947 : Kul Pakistan talimi conference ke iftetah par pegham.

22 December 1947 : Pakistan boys scouts ki tanzeem o tashkil par quomke nonehalon ko pur josh pegham e amal.

25 December 1947 : Quaid e Azam ki akhiri salgirah.

1948: 21 January Burma ke safir ki taraf se asnad e sifarat pesh karne ki rasam.

23 January 1948 : Behri idara dilawar ki rasme iftetah, foji afsaron se belos khidmat karne ki appeal.

14 February 1948 : Sibi darbar ka iftetah.

24 February 1948 : Oil Mills Karachi ka iftetah. Mulk ko sanati taraqi ki taraf gamzan hone ki talqeen.

1 March 1948 : Dhaka mein 3 lakh admiyon ke majme se khitab.

26 March 1948 : Chatgam mein shehri istaqbal.

1st June 1948 : Pakistan ke phele Olympic games (khelon ) ki rasme iftetah aur pegham.

14 June 1948: Staff College Quetta Pakistan ke afsaron( Officers) se khitab.

1st July 1948 : Bank Dolat Pakistan ki rasme iftetah.

2nd July 1948 : Cinema Karachi mein “hamare darmiyan” naami dastawezi dekhne ke liye tashrif aawari.

4 July 1948 : Ziyarat (Balochistan) ke liye bagharz e dabdeli e aab o hawa rawangi.

14 August, 1948 : Pakistan ke phele jashan e istaqlala ke muqe par quom ke naam Ziyarat se pegham.

17 August, 1948 : Eid ka paigham .

11 September, 1948: Bahalat e elalat karachi wapsi (6 baje sham).

11 September, 1948: Innalilahi Wa Inna Ilaihe Rajioon (Shab 10 baj kar 25 Minutes par).

12 September 1948: Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Ki Tadfeen.

  • Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer

Daily Times

Your right to know Sunday, February 18, 2024

Ali Anwar

Quaid-e-Azam, The Great Leader

September 10, 2023

Anyone can determine the destination of a nation without any leader, guide, advocate, or imam, and they cannot achieve the objectives that are meant for the nation. The presence of leaders, guides, and imams in the lives of nations is a divine blessing that not only determines the correct direction of the nation but also guides them not only to take the path but also to reach the destination. Pakistan and its people are fortunate that they had a leader like Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He defined a purpose to rescue the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent from the darkness of slavery and then, for this purpose, he not only provided guidance but also put his own life on the line, setting an exemplary model of Pakistani identity.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah swiftly established a separate nation for the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent, not only in a very short span but also laid down the constitution, defined its laws, and established the foundations of the state. When we compare the current situations of Pakistan and India, we are astounded by the foresight of Quaid-e-Azam, who realized long before that living with Hindus would not only be difficult for Muslims but almost impossible. He sacrificed his own life to provide a separate homeland for Muslims, making their lives easier.

The free Pakistan we breathe in today is a testament to the efforts of Quaid-e-Azam, who stood firm like a wall against the Congress and fanatic Hindus, enduring hardships for the attainment of Pakistan. When Quaid-e-Azam was asked about his demands for the new nation – what kind of country it would be, what would be its constitution, who would formulate its laws – he confidently responded that there is no need to worry about it, as the constitution of Pakistan was based on the Quran and Hadith, and the inhabitants of Pakistan would lead their lives according to the golden principles of Islam.

Today, we can pray, build mosques, construct schools, have our own constitution, and enjoy complete freedom in Pakistan, and all of this is solely due to the efforts of Quaid.

At that time, in the circumstances of the Indian subcontinent, taking the Muslims to a separate homeland and then providing it with a strong foundation, all in a short span, was such a monumental achievement by Quaid-e-Azam, which distinguishes him among leaders worldwide. He did all this without even caring for his own health, dedicating his personal life day and night to the attainment of Pakistan. Quaid’s insight was such that he stated that the foundation of Pakistan would be based on the Two-Nation Theory, which means not only Hindus but also two nations, Muslims and Hindus, despite centuries of living together, are separate in their eating, drinking, standing, sitting, customs, and traditions. Today, when we witness the oppression of Muslims in India, we acknowledge Quaid’s wisdom that if God forbid, Pakistan did not exist, what would be the condition of Muslims in the Indian subcontinent today we can easily imagine?

Today, we can pray, build mosques, construct schools, have our own constitution, and enjoy complete freedom in Pakistan, and all of this is solely due to the efforts of Quaid. Otherwise, in our neighbouring country, India, where Muslims are unable to offer prayers openly, build mosques, or even eat beef, Sometimes, extremist Hindus target them for their attire, and sometimes, they face violence for their names.

It is not that Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah harboured hatred for Hindus or disliked meeting them. He initiated his political struggle with the platform of Hindu-Muslim unity. Quaid-e-Azam was the one who, through his efforts, convened the meeting of the Muslim League and Congress on the same ground in Mumbai in December 1915. However, when Hindus started to consider Muslims inferior due to their numerical superiority and did not agree with the points decided in the Lucknow Pact, he understood that if India gained freedom and gave majority rule to Hindus, it would lead to the subjugation of Muslims.

After that, he began his struggle for a separate homeland for Muslims and, in the shortest possible time, laid the foundation of Pakistan, which today stands as a prominent and singular atomic power in the Muslim world. Unfortunately, after the demise of Quaid-e-Azam, we did not get a leader like him in the following seventy-five years. There have been Prime Ministers and Presidents, but no leader like Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

He writer is an old Aitchisonian who believes in freedom of expression, a freelance columnist, entrepreneur and social activist.

Submit a Comment

Home Lead Stories Latest News Editor’s Picks

Culture Life & Style Featured Videos

Editorials OP-EDS Commentary Advertise

Cartoons Letters Blogs Privacy Policy

Contact Company’s Financials Investor Information Terms & Conditions

brief biography of quaid e azam

Super Stars Bio

Quaid-e-Azam – Biography, Facts & Life Story

Quaid-e-Azam British India (1876–1947) Pakistan (1947–1948) Lawyer, Barrister, Politician

His Social Media Profiles

Height, weight & physical stats.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah aka Quaid-e-Azam was born on 25 December 1876 and died on 11 September 1948. He was the founder of Pakistan. He worked as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913. Up to, the establishment of Pakistan, which happened on 14 August 1947. Later, as the Dominion of Pakistan’s first governor-general until his death.

Then as the ruling of Pakistan’s first governor-general until his death. The nation has observed Jinnah’s birthday as a national holiday in Pakistan.

He is the son of Jinnahbhai Poonja and Mithibai. They lived in a rented apartment on the second floor of Wazir Mansion, near Karachi. But, within the Bombay Presidency of British India. Which was built between 1860-1870. His birth name was Mahomedali Jinnahbhai.

He attended the Gokal Das Tej Primary School. After that, he studied at the Cathedral and John Connon School. He studied at the Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam and the Christian Missionary Society High School in Karachi. Later, he completed his matriculation from Bombay University at the high school.

His family was from a Gujarati Khoja Shi’a Muslim environment. Still, Jinnah later followed the Twelver Shi’a discipline. He started towards the Sunni sect early in life.

His father, Jinnahbhai Poonja, was a merchant. Jinnah had three brothers and three sisters, including his younger sister, named Fatima Jinnah. His parents were Gujarati speakers, the children came to speak Kutchi and English. However, Jinnah was not fluent in Gujarati or Urdu, he was fluent in English.

Check out exclusive ➡ facts about Quaid-e-Azam .

brief biography of quaid e azam

Quaid-e-Azam Education

School: Gokal Das Tej Primary School Christian Missionary Society High School City Law School Cathedral and John Connon School

College: Lincoln’s Inn, Sind Madrassa Sindh Madrasa-Tul-Islam University University of Bombay

Quaid-e-Azam Career

Profession: Lawyer, Barrister, Politician

Known For: Founder of Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Net Worth: USD $80 Million Approx

Family & Relatives

Father: Poonja Jinnah

Mother: Mithibai Jinnah

Brother: Ahmad Ali Jinnah, Rahmat Ali Jinnah, Bunde Ali Jinnah

Sister: Fatima Jinnah, Shireen Jinnah, Mariyam Bai Jinnah

Marital Status: Married

Wife: Emibai Jinnah (1878–1893), Rattanbai Jinnah (1918 – 1929)

No. of Children: 1

Daughter: Dina Wadia (by Rattanbai Petit)

  • Emibai Jinnah (1878–1893)
  • Rattanbai Jinnah (1918 – 1929)

Related Video

Who was Quaid-e-Azam?

Quaid-e-Azam was a British India (1876–1947) Pakistan (1947–1948) lawyer, barrister, politician, born on 25 December, 1876 in Wazir Mansion, Karachi.

When did Quaid-e-Azam pass away?

Quaid-e-Azam passed away on September 11, 1948.

How old was Quaid-e-Azam at the time of death?

Quaid-e-Azam was 71 years old when he passed away.

How tall was Quaid-e-Azam?

Quaid-e-Azam was 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m).

Related Posts:

  • Dennis Quaid – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Jack Quaid – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Randy Quaid – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Babar Azam – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Rahil Azam – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Azam Khan – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Ang Lee – Biography, Facts & Life Story
  • Dev – Biography, Facts & Life Story

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

One Comment

We proud to be Pakistani but we should be do study’s English language’s is the must for all peoples i love my leader i won’t to do work and struggle for my country of pakistan

Privacy Overview

Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.

To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to  upgrade your browser .

Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.

  • We're Hiring!
  • Help Center

paper cover thumbnail

Quaid e Azams early life and political carear

Profile image of Hassan Kazmi

Related Papers

Yasser Latif Hamdani

Jinnah the founder of Pakistan was a patriot of India before he became the father of Pakistan.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Ahmed Talib

abid hussain

Kamila Junik

FINDING JINNAH: Contemporary Art from Pakistan

Ali Usman Qasmi

Aaniya Kiran

TJPRC Publication

The partition of India is etched in the history of the Indian subcontinent. The tragedy that unfolded with the mass expedition of people from different areas to the newly created states of India and Pakistan has been the subject of various movies, books and poetry. Many scholars have focused on the political progression that directed to the division of India, the creation of Pakistan, and the associated violence. Numerous people have attempted to find out who was the guilty and how far mutual ideas had made inroads into secular parties and sensibilities. But the main objective of this paper is to reveal the personality of Mohammad Ali Jinnah who played an important role in drawing boundaries between India and Pakistan. Jinnah had visualized that Pakistan would be a homeland for the Muslims of India without knowing that partition would give a free lead to genocide, mass migration and untold sufferings on millions. There has been much speculation about the role of the British in stepping up the partition, and Gandhi's inability to prevent it. Whatever the causes of the partition, the brute facts cannot be challenged. All available evidences show that Jinnah alone was not responsible for the creation of Pakistan. Partition was not only the result of the British divide and rule policy but also the outcome of exact political blueprint to carry the partition of the country. In the present paper the role of Jinnah in the creation of Pakistan has been analyzed in context to Jaswant Singh's book " Jinnah – India – Partition – Independence " and Jamil Dehlavi's film " Jinnah " .

Rizwan Ullah Kokab , Dr. Mahboob Hussain , Scholar Pakistan

This paper offers a study of the impact of leadership of Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah on the Bengali Separatist Movement in its preliminary stage during the first year of the life of Pakistan when Quaid-i-Azam served as its first governor general. It would be examined whether the lingual, constitutional, economic and governmental issues, which later became a source of discontent that caused the Bengali Separatist Movement grow, were addressed by the Quaid-i-Azam Jinnah in a proper way and he did not found those mistakes which his successors in the leadership of Pakistan committed. It would also be observed that visionary leader of Quaid-i-Azam's rank could understand the danger to the integrity of Pakistan posed by the feelings of provincialism, communism and Hindu influence in the eastern wing of Pakistan that was remote from its western part through a distance of one thousand miles. The paper will also provide a critical analysis of the steps of Quaid-i-Azam which he took for the purpose of the solidarity of newly born state of Pakistan but which steps were allegedly used as a negative propaganda against the founder of Pakistan in order to give air to the ideas of separatism in the Bengalis. In this context the Quaid's decision for the selection of Karachi as the capital of Pakistan and his use of powers as the governor general of Pakistan would be analyzed. Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah is undoubtedly, one of the greatest politicians in the istoryh of the world. Undaunted by the huge odds presented by his political adversaries, he achieved such success that few politicians can boast of. (Siddiqui, 2009, xix) Hodson (1969, 37-38) credits him with the whole process of the partition of India and the creation of Pakistan by observing: " Of all the personalities in the last act of the great drama of India's rebirth to independence, Mohammad Ali Jinnah is at once the most enigmatic and the most important. " Pethick-Lawrance, who as Secretary of State for India had turned down the demand for Pakistan, acknowledged: 'He had, of course, immense powers of intellect and also of persuasive eloquence which he used with such effect that the idea [of Pakistan], which was at firs as idea only, became in the end a reality.' (Burke, 2009, l xiii) As a politician he attained world stature and won a permanent place in history. He did not only win independence from colonial rule for an existing country, but performed the extraordinary feat of bringing an altogether new independent country into existence against seemingly impossible odds. (Burke, 2009, xix) It was the dangerous situation at the time of emergence of Pakistan that Nehru told General Sir Frank

Dr. Girishkumar T S

RELATED PAPERS

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Karen Multon , Cynthia Taylor

Letters in Drug Design and Discovery

Vanessa Gressler

Islam For Better Solution

Revista Ideação

André Brayner Farias

TURKISH JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE

Ahmet Duman

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

Szymon Ostrowski

Journal of Women's Health

DAVID JOSE ALEN MARQUEZ

Piwulang : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jawa

2110 ANDRIYANA FATMAWATI

Jurnal Psikologi Integratif

Biodegradation - Life of Science

Claudia maranhão

International Journal of Dermatology

Lucia Hernandez Gonzalez

Experimental and molecular pathology

Mary Proctor

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

ISAH MUHAMMD SANI

Clinical Interventions in Aging

VELİTTİN SELÇUK ENGİN

Klaus Schönberger

Marine and Petroleum Geology

M. Namık Çağatay

Cuaderno gris

José L. Tasset

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Andreas Bockisch

SHS web of conferences

Dandi Langi

Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Diogenes Cortijo Costa

Annals of Surgical Oncology

róbert póka

  •   We're Hiring!
  •   Help Center
  • Find new research papers in:
  • Health Sciences
  • Earth Sciences
  • Cognitive Science
  • Mathematics
  • Computer Science
  • Academia ©2024

Biography of Quaid e Azam

Share post:

Introduction

Quaid-e-Azam , an iconic determine in South Asian history, played an instrumental position within the introduction of Pakistan. Understanding his life journey entails delving into the historical backdrop that shaped his endeavors.

quaid e azam early-life

Born on December 25, 1876, in Karachi, Quaid-e-Azam, whose delivery call turned into Muhammad Ali Jinnah, belonged to a outstanding merchant family. His early years were marked by means of a disciplined and intellectually stimulating environment.

His education in Karachi and later in England honed his legal acumen. He acquired a robust understanding of law, which became a cornerstone of his future endeavors.

Role in Politics

Entry in politics :.

Jinnah commenced his political career in Bombay, advocating for the rights of the Indian Muslim community. His entry into the Indian National Congress marked the beginning of his political activism.

Leadership:

His pragmatic approach and eloquence in articulating the Muslim League’s vision established him as a prominent leader. Jinnah’s leadership was characterized by his unwavering commitment to the ideals of equality and self-determination.

Achievements

Independence movement:.

Quaid-e-Azam’s pivotal role in the struggle for independence galvanized the masses. His advocacy for a separate nation for Muslims led to the Lahore Resolution of 1940, laying the foundation for Pakistan.

Quaid e Azam Independence Movement

Formation of Pakistan:

The culmination of his relentless efforts was realized on August 14, 1947, when Pakistan emerged as an independent nation. Jinnah’s vision and diplomatic finesse paved the way for a new sovereign state.

Quaid e Azam Formation of Pakistan

Leadership Legacy:

Jinnah’s legacy transcends the founding of Pakistan. His principles of unity, faith, and discipline continue to resonate, serving as a guiding light for the nation.

Personal Life

Behind the statesman was a devoted family man. His marriage to Rattanbai Petit and subsequent relationships portrayed a personal life filled with love and dedication.

Personal Traits:

Jinnah’s determination, integrity, and unwavering commitment to his principles were defining traits that shaped his character.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s impact on history remains unparalleled. His leadership during a tumultuous era secured a homeland for millions and continues to inspire generations.

What was Quaid e Azam’s full name?

Quaid-e-Azam’s full name was Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

What role did Quaid e Azam play in the formation of Pakistan?

He was the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan and served as its first Governor-General.

Did Quaid e Azam have any significant personal influences?

His family, particularly his wife, played a significant role in his life.

What values did Quaid-e-Azam prioritize?

Unity, faith, and discipline were the core values he espoused.

How is Quaid-e-Azam remembered today?

He is revered as the founding father of Pakistan and his principles continue to shape the nation’s ethos.

  • FatherOfTheNation
  • FounderOfPakistan
  • IndependenceMovement
  • InspiringLeadership
  • JinnahsLegacy
  • JinnahsVision
  • LeadershipLegacy
  • MuhammadAliJinnah
  • NationBuilding
  • PakistanHistory
  • PakistanLeadership
  • PoliticalLeader
  • UnityFaithDiscipline

Imaginary History

LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Top 10 Places to Visit in Turkey

Biography of steve jobs, turning points in history, the 30 most amazing ancient artifacts, music, text and culture in ancient greece, how long did the roman empire last, related articles.

Each template in our ever growing studio library can be added and moved around within any page effortlessly with one click.

Latest Blogs

Popular blogs.

© 2021 Imaginary History. All right reserved Imaginary History.

InfoMazza.com

Brief History of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah (Founder of Pakistan)

brief biography of quaid e azam

Related Post

  • Historical Women’s in Pakistan
  • The Man Tsutomu Yamaguchi was Save from Two Atomic Bombs In japan
  • Katrina Kaif Test Positive for COVID-19, Shah Rukh Khan
  • Sidhu Moose Wala
  • Interesting facts about the Internet

Mohammad Ali Jinnah Quaid-e-Azam, Founding Father of Pakistan (December 25, 1876 – September 11, 1948)

Quaid-e-Azam1

Father: Jinnah Poonja. One of eight children. Married Emibai in 1892 (she died 1893). Married Ratanbai ‘Ruttie’ Petit, daughter of Sir Dinshaw Petit, a wealthy Bombay Parsee, in 1918. Ruttie died in 1929. Daughter: Dina Wadia (married to Neville Wadia, a Christian).

Sindh Madrasstul Islam, Karachi Gokal Das Tej Pal School, Bombay Christian Missionary Society High School, Karachi, 1891 Bar-at-Law, Lincoln’s Inn, London, 1895

Positions Held

Legal practice, Bombay, 1897 Imperial Legislative Council, 1910-1919 Elected member of All-India Muslim League, 1915 Participates in Round Table Conference(s), 1930 (Settles in London, 1931-34) President, League’s Lucknow Session, 1937 President, League’s Lahore Session; ‘Lahore Resolution’ adopted, 1940 Pakistan’s first Governor-General, 1947

Earlier Life

Quaid-e-Azam, Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born on 25th December 1876 at Vazeer Mansion Karachi, was the first of seven children of Jinnah bhai, a prosperous merchant. After being taught at home, Jinnah was sent to the Sindh Madrasah High School in 1887. Later he attended the Mission High School, where, at the age of 16, he passed the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay. On the advice of an English friend, his father decided to send him to England to acquire business experience. Jinnah, however, had made up his mind to become a barrister. In keeping with the custom of the time, his parents arranged for an early marriage for him before he left for England.

Quaid-e-Azam2

In London he joined Lincoln’s Inn, one of the legal societies that prepared students for the bar. In 1895, at the age of 19, he was called to the bar. While in London Jinnah suffered two severe bereavements–the deaths of his wife and his mother. Nevertheless, he completed his formal studies and also made a study of the British political system, frequently visiting the House of Commons. He was greatly influenced by the liberalism of William E. Gladstone, who had become prime minister for the fourth time in 1892, the year of Jinnah’s arrival in London. Jinnah also took a keen interest in the affairs of India and in Indian students. When the Parsi leader Dada bhai Naoroji, a leading Indian nationalist, ran for the English Parliament, Jinnah and other Indian students worked day and night for him. Their efforts were crowned with success, and Naoroji became the first Indian to sit in the House of Commons.

When Jinnah returned to Karachi in 1896, he found that his father’s business had suffered losses and that he now had to depend on himself. He decided to start his legal practice in Bombay, but it took him years of work to establish himself as a lawyer.

It was nearly 10 years later that he turned toward active politics. A man without hobbies, his interest became divided between law and politics. Nor was he a religious zealot: he was a Muslim in a broad sense and had little to do with sects. His interest in women was also limited to Ruttenbai, the daughter of Sir Dinshaw Petit, a Bombay Parsi millionaire–whom he married over tremendous opposition from her parents and others. The marriage proved an unhappy one. It was his sister Fatima who gave him solace and company.

Entry into Politics

Jinnah first entered politics by participating in the 1906 Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress, the party that called for dominion status and later for independence for India. Four years later he was elected to the Imperial Legislative Council–the beginning of a long and distinguished parliamentary career. In Bombay he came to know, among other important Congress personalities, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, the eminent Maratha leader. Greatly influenced by these nationalist politicians, Jinnah aspired during the early part of his political life to become “a Muslim Gokhale.” Admiration for British political institutions and an eagerness to raise the status of India in the international community and to develop a sense of Indian nationhood among the peoples of India were the chief elements of his politics. At that time, he still looked upon Muslim interests in the context of Indian nationalism.

Quaid-e-Azam3

But, by the beginning of the 20th century, the conviction had been growing among the Muslims that their interests demanded the preservation of their separate identity rather than amalgamation in the Indian nation that would for all practical purposes be Hindu. Largely to safeguard Muslim interests, the All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906. But Jinnah remained aloof from it. Only in 1913, when authoritatively assured that the league was as devoted as the Congress to the political emancipation of India, did Jinnah join the league. When the Indian Home Rule League was formed, he became its chief organizer in Bombay and was elected president of the Bombay branch.

“Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity.” Jinnah’s endeavors to bring about the political union of Hindus and Muslims earned him the title of “the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity,” an epithet coined by Gokhale.

It was largely through his efforts that the Congress and the Muslim League began to hold their annual sessions jointly, to facilitate mutual consultation and participation. In 1915 the two organizations held their meetings in Bombay and in 1916 in Lucknow, where the Lucknow Pact was concluded. Under the terms of the pact, the two organizations put their seal to a scheme of constitutional reform that became their joint demand vis-à-vis the British government. There was a good deal of give and take, but the Muslims obtained one important concession in the shape of separate electorates, already conceded to them by the government in 1909 but hitherto resisted by the Congress Meanwhile, a new force in Indian politics had appeared in the person of Mohan Das K. Gandhi. Both the Home Rule League and the Indian National Congress had come under his sway. Opposed to Gandhi’s Non-co-operation Movement and his essentially Hindu approach to politics, Jinnah left both the League and the Congress in 1920. For a few years he kept himself aloof from the main political movements. He continued to be a firm believer in Hindu-Muslim unity and constitutional methods for the achievement of political ends. After his withdrawal from the Congress, he used the Muslim League platform for the propagation of his views. But during the 1920s the Muslim League, and with it Jinnah, had been overshadowed by the Congress and the religiously oriented Muslim Khilafat committee.

When the failure of the Non-co-operation Movement and the emergence of Hindu revivalist movements led to antagonism and riots between the Hindus and Muslims, the league gradually began to come into its own. Jinnah’s problem during the following years was to convert the league into an enlightened political body prepared to co-operate with other organizations working for the good of India. In addition, he had to convince the Congress, as a prerequisite for political progress, of the necessity of settling the Hindu-Muslim conflict.

To bring about such a rapprochement was Jinnah’s chief purpose during the late 1920s and early 1930s. He worked toward this end within the legislative assembly, at the Round Table Conferences in London (1930-32), and through his 14 points, which included proposals for a federal form of government, greater rights for minorities, one-third representation for Muslims in the central legislature, separation of the predominantly Muslim Sindh region from the rest of the Bombay province, and the introduction of reforms in the north-west Frontier Province. But he failed. His failure to bring about even minor amendments in the Nehru Committee proposals (1928) over the question of separate electorates and reservation of seats for Muslims in the legislatures frustrated him. He found himself in a peculiar position at this time; many Muslims thought that he was too nationalistic in his policy and that Muslim interests were not safe in his hands, while the Indian National Congress would not even meet the moderate Muslim demands halfway. Indeed, the Muslim League was a house divided against itself. The Punjab Muslim League repudiated Jinnah’s leadership and organized itself separately. In disgust, Jinnah decided to settle in England. From 1930 to 1935 he remained in London, devoting himself to practice before the Privy Council. But when constitutional changes were in the offing, he was persuaded to return home to head a reconstituted Muslim League.

Quaid-e-Azam5

Soon preparations started for the elections under the Government of India Act of 1935. Jinnah was still thinking in terms of co-operation between the Muslim League and the Hindu Congress and with coalition governments in the provinces. But the elections of 1937 proved to be a turning point in the relations between the two organizations The Congress obtained an absolute majority in six provinces, and the league did not do particularly well. The Congress decided not to include the league in the formation of provincial governments, and exclusive all-Congress government were.

Jinnah had originally been dubious about the practicability of Pakistan, an idea that Sir Muhammad Iqbal had propounded to the Muslim League conference of 1930; but before long he became convinced that a Muslim homeland on the Indian subcontinent was the only way of safeguarding Muslim interests and the Muslim way of life. It was not religious persecution that he feared so much as the future exclusion of Muslims from all prospects of advancement within India as soon as power became vested in the close-knit structure of Hindu social organization. To guard against this danger he carried on a nation-wide campaign to warn his coreligionists of the perils of their position, and he converted the Muslim League into a powerful instrument for unifying the Muslims into a nation.

The Creator of Pakistan

At this point, Jinnah emerged as the leader of a renascent Muslim nation. Events began to move fast. On March 22-23, 1940, in Lahore, the league adopted a resolution to form a separate Muslim state, Pakistan. The Pakistan idea was first ridiculed and then tenaciously opposed by the Congress. But it captured the imagination of the Muslims. Pitted against Jinnah were men of the stature of Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. And the British government seemed to be intent on maintaining the political unity of the Indian subcontinent. But Jinnah led his movement with such skill and tenacity that ultimately both the Congress and the British government had no option but to agree to the partitioning of India. Pakistan thus emerged as an independent state in 14th August, 1947.

Jinnah became the first head of the new state i.e. Pakistan. He took oath as the first governor general on August 15, 1947. Faced with the serious problems of a young nation, he tackled Pakistan’s problems with authority.

He was not regarded as merely the governor-general; he was revered as the father of the nation. He worked hard until overpowered by age and disease in Karachi. He died on 11th September 1948 at Karachi.

First Leader of A Newly Born State

In recognition of his singular contribution, Quaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah was nominated by the Muslim League as the Governor-General of Pakistan, while the Congress appointed Mountbatten as India’s first Governor-General. Pakistan, it has been truly said, was born in virtual chaos. Indeed, few nations in the world have started on their career with less resources and in more treacherous circumstances. The new nation did not inherit a central government, a capital, an administrative core, or an organized defense force. Its social and administrative resources were poor;there was little equipment and still less statistics. The Punjab holocaust had left vast areas in a shambles with communications disrupted. This, alongwith the en masse migration of the Hindu and Sikh business and managerial classes, left the economy almost shattered.

Quaid-e-Azam4

The treasury was empty, India having denied Pakistan the major share of its cash balances.On top of all this, the still unorganized nation was called upon to feed some eight million refugees who had fled the insecurities and barbarities of the north Indian plains that long, hot summer. If all this was symptomatic of Pakistan’s administrative and economic weakness, the Indian annexation, through military action in November 1947, of Junagadh (which had originally acceded to Pakistan) and the Kashmir war over the State’s accession (October 1947-December 1948) exposed her military weakness. In the circumstances, therefore, it was nothing short of a miracle that Pakistan survived at all. That it survived and forged ahead was mainly due to one man-Mohammed Ali Jinnah. The nation desperately needed in the person of a charismatic leader at that critical juncture in the nation’s history, and he fulfilled that need profoundly. After all, he was more than a mere Governor-General: he was the Quaid-e-Azam who had brought the State into being.

In the ultimate analysis, his very presence at the helm of affairs was responsible for enabling the newly born nation to overcome the terrible crisis on the morrow of its cataclysmic birth. He mustered up the immense prestige and the unquestioning loyalty he commanded among the people to energize them, to raise their morale, land directed the profound feelings of patriotism that the freedom had generated, along constructive channels. Though tired and in poor health, Jinnah yet carried the heaviest part of the burden in that first crucial year. He laid down the policies of the new state, called attention to the immediate problems confronting the nation and told the members of the Constituent Assembly, the civil servants and the Armed Forces what to do and what the nation expected of them. He saw to it that law and order was maintained at all costs, despite the provocation that the large-scale riots in north India had provided. He moved from Karachi to Lahore for a while and supervised the immediate refugee problem in the Punjab. In a time of fierce excitement, he remained sober, cool and steady. He advised his excited audience in Lahore to concentrate on helping the refugees,to avoid retaliation, exercise restraint and protect the minorities. He assured the minorities of a fair deal, assuaged their inured sentiments, and gave them hope and comfort. He toured the various provinces, attended to their particular problems and instilled in the people a sense of belonging. He reversed the British policy in the North-West Frontier and ordered the withdrawal of the troops from the tribal territory of Waziristan, thereby making the Pathans feel themselves an integral part of Pakistan’s body-politics. He created a new Ministry of States and Frontier Regions, and assumed responsibility for ushering in a new era in Balochistan. He settled the controversial question of the states of Karachi, secured the accession of States, especially of Kalat which seemed problematical and carried on negotiations with Lord Mountbatten for the settlement of the Kashmir Issue.

Quaid-e-Azam6

Message of Jinnah

It was, therefore, with a sense of supreme satisfaction at the fulfillment of his mission that Jinnah told the nation in his last message on 14 August, 1948: “The foundations of your State have been laid and it is now for you to build and build as quickly and as well as you can”. In accomplishing the task he had taken upon himself on the morrow of Pakistan’s birth, Jinnah had worked himself to death, but he had, to quote Richard Simons, “contributed more than any other man to Pakistan’s survival”. He died on 11 September, 1948. How true was Lord Pethick Lawrence, the former Secretary of State for India, when he said, “Gandhi died by the hands of an assassin; Jinnah died by his devotion to Pakistan”.

The Agha Khan considered him “the greatest man he ever met”, Beverley Nichols, the author of `Verdict on India’, called him “the most important man in Asia”, and Dr. Kailashnath Katju, the West Bengal Governor in 1948, thought of him as “an outstanding figure of this century not only in India, but in the whole world”. While Abdul Rahman Azzam Pasha, Secretary General of the Arab League, called him “one of the greatest leaders in the Muslim world”, the Grand Mufti of Palestine considered his death as a “great loss” to the entire world of Islam. It was, however, given to Surat Chandra Bose, leader of the Forward Bloc wing of the Indian National Congress, to sum up succinctly his personal and political achievements. “Mr. Jinnah”,he said on his death in 1948, “was great as a lawyer, once great as a Congressman, great as a leader of Muslims, great as a world politician and diplomat, and greatest of all as a man of action, By Mr. Jinnah’s passing away, the world has lost one of the greatest statesmen and Pakistan its life-giver, philosopher and guide”. Such was Quaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the man and his mission, such the range of his accomplishments and achievements.

PoetryIQBAL_QUAID

Source: g1g.com

Related posts:.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Notify me of follow-up comments by email.

Notify me of new posts by email.

Top FIFA World Cup records set by Pele

Pele, along with Diego Maradona is considered to be one of the

Round of 16: Spain vs Morocco (1 – 1) (0-3)pen Highlights, Post Match Review & Key Events

Round of 16: portugal vs switzerland (6 – 1) highlights, post match review & key events, fashion & beauty.

Must Read: Fashion and Beauty Tips for Pakistani Girls

Must Read: Fashion and Beauty Tips for Pakistani Girls

Must Read: Fashion and Beauty Tips for Pakistani Girls Being a lady

6 Best Fat Burning Fruits

Diy skin saver: the aspirin mask.

brief biography of quaid e azam

  • SOCIAL MEDIA

brief biography of quaid e azam

Quaid-E-Azam

By rameez from california.

Every person in this world has a hero. People have heroes because they really admire that person and they really look up to that person. They want to do what they have done and they have achieved in their life. Like every person, I also have a hero. My hero had a great personality and a great heart. His name is Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah.

I choose him as my hero because I really admire him. I admire his style, his personality and what he did for the Muslims of our country. He gave Muslims their freedom from the British Empire that was ruling at that time.

Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born on Dec. 25th, 1876, to a prominent mercantile family in Karachi. He was educated at the Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and the Christian Mission School. Jinnah joined the Lincoln's Inn in 1893 to become the youngest Indian to be called to the Bar. Three years later, he became Bombay's most famous lawyer. He formally entered politics in 1905 from the platform of the Indian National Congress. He went to England in that year as a member of a congress delegation to plead the cause of Indian self-governemnt during the British elections.

He got us, the Muslims, freedom by forming a political group called the Muslim League. When he talked to all the Muslims around in the sub-continent at that time, he said, "We are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and nomenclature, sense of values and proportion, legal laws and moral code, customs and calandar, history and tradition, aptitudes and ambitions; in short, we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life. By all canons of international law, we are a nation."

The Muslim league had a great impact on the nature of the Indian politics. By making the Muslim League, it shattered forever Hindu dreams of a pseudo-India. The British and the Indians were shocked at how all the Muslims came up together, asking for them to give them their own free country, which is now Pakistan.

To get the Muslim people freedom, Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah played a big role. He was the only Muslim to stand up and rally all the Muslims together so they could have their freedom on Aug. 14, 1947. Before dying on Sept. 11th, 1948, he gave the Pakistanis a last message: "The foundations of your state have been laid and it is now for you to build and build as quickly and as well as you can."

Most people also admired him and one even said, "Gandhi died by the hands of an assassin; Jinnah died by his devotion to Pakistan".

That's why I really admire him. He is like a hero to everyone in my country. This is because of what he did for our country and for the Muslims. He fought so much for us and he did so much for us that no one can ever forget. You always hear about Gandhi and how he did so much for India, but you never hear about Quaid-e-Azam who did everything to get us at the point that we are right now. He is a great freedom hero for me.

Page created on 6/28/2007 9:35:42 AM

Last edited 1/15/2019 9:05:39 PM

Related Links

brief biography of quaid e azam

Author Info

If you change your past and work together in a spirit that everyone of you, no matter to what community he belongs, no matter what relations he had with you in the past, no matter what his colour, caste or creed, is first, second and last a citizen of this State with equal rights, privileges and obligations, there will be no end to the progress you will make. -Muhammad Ali Jinnah

brief biography of quaid e azam

brief biography of quaid e azam

Must-read books on Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

On the 70th death anniversary of Jinnah, we look at literature that still keeps him alive

brief biography of quaid e azam

KARACHI:  It has been 70 years since Pakistan’s founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah died after his ambulance broke down and he didn’t receive the medical attention he needed. This was one year after he changed the map of the world and put a new country on it. Born in 1876, Jinnah was too many things for one lifetime. He was a lawyer, politician, leader of All-India Muslim League, founder of Pakistan and also the first governor-general of it.

Following are the books you can read that are based on the work and life of the leader to learn more about him:

1. My Brother: Fatima Jinnah

Can you think of anyone better who could pen a biography on Jinnah other than his sister and confidante Fatima Jinnah? Unfortunately, she didn’t have a chance to finish the book due to her passing but the transcript was published by Quaid-i-Azam University in 1987. According to the description of the book, its major focus lies on Jinnah’s political aspirations. It is also said that Fatima Jinnah decided to author this book after the publication of Hector Bolitho’s biography on Jinnah, which is also part of this list, because she believed that Bolitho had failed to capture the political aspect of her brother’s life.

2.  Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence: Jaswant Singh

In authoring a slightly more controversial book on Jinnah, Jaswant Singh sets out to provide answers to some of the unanswered questions about the partition of the subcontinent. It explores who was responsible for Partition and looks at Jinnah’s shift from being the ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity to becoming bent on demanding a separate state and nothing less. Moreover, it asks some of the more uncomfortable questions about the creation of Bangladesh and tries to analyse and evaluate where the idea of ‘Muslims as a separate nation’ first originated.

brief biography of quaid e azam

3.  Jinnah, Creator of Pakistan:  Hector Bolitho

Published in 1954, the book was considered to be the only internationally acknowledged work on Jinnah for about 30 years.

brief biography of quaid e azam

4. Secular and Nationalist Jinnah : Ajeet Jawed

The description of the book looks at the misrepresentation of Jinnah as a political figure. It talks about how in Pakistan he is considered the “saviour” of Muslims and the “protector” of Islam and Islamic culture. Whereas in India, he is seen as an “evil-genius,” who was a “die-hard communalist,” an “opponent of the freedom struggle,” an “ally of the British imperialists” and the man solely responsible for the partition of the subcontinent. However, Ajeet Jawed believes that the real facts about Jinnah are suppressed and hidden by both Indian and Pakistani historians. Therefore, Jawed seeks to find who Jinnah really was and what his true character was really like.

brief biography of quaid e azam

5.  Jinnah of Pakistan:  Stanley Wolpert

This book by Stanley Wolpert looks at the persona of Mohammad Ali Jinnah for Pakistanis and compares it with that Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru combined for Indians. It looks at his journey from his early life to becoming the head and father of newborn state.

brief biography of quaid e azam

Featured Videos

faiza hasan interview

Watch: Cutacut talks ft. Faiza Hasan

maya ali interview

Watch: Maya Ali talks about Pehli Si Muhabbat

women's day 2021

Watch: It’s a Woman’s World

ushna shah wwf

Ushna Shah is the new goodwill ambassador for WWF Pakistan

asim azhar yaad

Asim Azhar urges artists to invest in their craft

Marina Khan drama

Marina Khan to direct drama serial Pardes

aurat march blasphemy

Debunking misinformation post Aurat March 2021

Money Heist season 5

Here’s what to expect from Money Heist season 5

brief biography of quaid e azam

  • The Consulate General
  • Consular Services
  • Pakistan Western Canada Trade Association
  • British Columbia Association of Pakistani Physicians
  • Trade & Investment
  • Ease of doing business
  • Reasons to invest
  • Investment policies
  • Success stories
  • Trade Inquires
  • Name of officers at Ministries for Facilitation of Overseas Pakistanis
  • Pakistani Community
  • Press Releases
  • Virtual Tour of Pakistan
  • Timings and Holidays
  • Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
  • Tracking Passport Status
  • Introduction
  • NATIONAL FLAG
  • State Emblem
  • National Anthem
  • Quaid-e-Azam
  • Kashmir Dispute
  • Prime Minister
  • Foreign Minister
  • Universities

brief biography of quaid e azam

QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

brief biography of quaid e azam

Father of the Nation Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s achievement as the founder of Pakistan, dominates everything else he did in his long and crowded public life spanning some 42 years. Yet, by any standard, his was an eventful life, his personality multidimensional and his achievements in other fields were many, if not equally great. Indeed, several were the roles he had played with distinction: at one time or another, he was one of the greatest legal luminaries India had produced during the first half of the century, an `ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity, a great constitutionalist, a distinguished parliamentarian, a top-notch politician, an indefatigable freedom-fighter, a dynamic Muslim leader, a political strategist and, above all one of the great nation-builders of modern times. What, however, makes him so remarkable is the fact that while similar other leaders assumed the leadership of traditionally well-defined nations and espoused their cause, or led them to freedom, he created a nation out of an inchoate and down-trodden minority and established a cultural and national home for it. And all that within a decade. For over three decades before the successful culmination in 1947, of the Muslim struggle for freedom in the South-Asian subcontinent, Jinnah had provided political leadership to the Indian Muslims: initially as one of the leaders, but later, since 1947, as the only prominent leader- the Quaid-i-Azam. For over thirty years, he had guided their affairs; he had given expression, coherence and direction to their legitimate aspirations and cherished dreams; he had formulated these into concrete demands; and, above all, he had striven all the while to get them conceded by both the ruling British and the numerous Hindus the dominant segment of India’s population. And for over thirty years he had fought, relentlessly and inexorably, for the inherent rights of the Muslims for an honorable existence in the subcontinent. Indeed, his life story constitutes, as it were, the story of the rebirth of the Muslims of the subcontinent and their spectacular rise to nationhood, phoenixlike.

Born on December 25, 1876, in a prominent mercantile family in Karachi and educated at the Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and the Christian Mission School at his birth place, Jinnah joined the Lincoln’s Inn in 1893 to become the youngest Indian to be called to the Bar, three years later. Starting out in the legal profession with nothing to fall back upon except his native ability and determination, young Jinnah rose to prominence and became Bombay’s most successful lawyer, as few did, within a few years. Once he was firmly established in the legal profession, Jinnah formally entered politics in 1905 from the platform of the Indian National Congress. He went to England in that year along with Gopal Krishna Gokhale (1866-1915), as a member of a Congress delegation to plead the cause of Indian self-government during the British elections. A year later, he served as Secretary to Dadabhai Noaroji (1825-1917), the then Indian National Congress President, which was considered a great honor for a budding politician. Here, at the Calcutta Congress session (December 1906), he also made his first political speech in support of the resolution on self-government.

Political Career

Three years later, in January 1910, Jinnah was elected to the newly-constituted Imperial Legislative Council. All through his parliamentary career, which spanned some four decades, he was probably the most powerful voice in the cause of Indian freedom and Indian rights. Jinnah, who was also the first Indian to pilot a private member’s Bill through the Council, soon became a leader of a group inside the legislature. Mr. Montagu (1879-1924), Secretary of State for India, at the close of the First World War, considered Jinnah “perfect mannered, impressive-looking, armed to the teeth with dialectics…”Jinnah, he felt, “is a very clever man, and it is, of course, an outrage that such a man should have no chance of running the affairs of his own country.”

For about three decades since his entry into politics in 1906, Jinnah passionately believed in and assiduously worked for Hindu-Muslim unity. Gokhale, the foremost Hindu leader before Gandhi, had once said of him, “He has the true stuff in him and that freedom from all sectarian prejudice which will make him the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity: And, to be sure, he did become the architect of Hindu-Muslim Unity: he was responsible for the Congress-League Pact of 1916, known popularly as Luck now Pact- the only pact ever signed between the two political organizations, the Congress and the All-India Muslim League, representing, as they did, the two major communities in the subcontinent.

The Congress-League scheme embodied in this pact was to become the basis for the Montagu-Chemlsford Reforms, also known as the Act of 1919. In retrospect, the Luckhnow Pact represented a milestone in the evolution of Indian politics. For one thing, it conceded Muslims the right to separate electorate, reservation of seats in the legislatures and weightage in representation both at the Centre and the minority provinces. Thus, their retention was ensured in the next phase of reforms. For another, it represented a tacit recognition of the All-India Muslim League as the representative organization of the Muslims, thus strengthening the trend towards Muslim individuality in Indian politics. And to Jinnah goes the credit for all this. Thus, by 1917, Jinnah came to be recognized among both Hindus and Muslims as one of India’s most outstanding political leaders. Not only was he prominent in the Congress and the Imperial Legislative Council, he was also the President of the All-India Muslim League and that of the Bombay Branch of the Home Rule League. More importantly, because of his key-role in the Congress-League entente at Luckhnow, he was hailed as the ambassador, of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Constitutional Struggle

In subsequent years, however, he felt dismayed at the injection of violence into politics. Since Jinnah stood for “ordered progress”, moderation, gradualism and constitutionalism, he felt that political violence was not the pathway to national liberation but, the dark alley to disaster and destruction.

In the ever-growing frustration among the masses caused by colonial rule, there was ample cause for extremism. But, Gandhi’s doctrine of non-cooperation, Jinnah felt, even as Rabindranath Tagore(1861-1941) did also feel, was at best one of negation and despair: it might lead to the building up of resentment, but nothing constructive. Hence, he opposed tooth and nail the tactics adopted by Gandhi to exploit the Khilafat and wrongful tactics in the Punjab in the early twenties. On the eve of its adoption of the Gandhian programmed, Jinnah warned the Nagpur Congress Session (1920): “you are making a declaration (of Swaraj within a year) and committing the Indian National Congress to a programme, which you will not be able to carry out”. He felt that there was no short-cut to independence and that any extra-constitutional methods could only lead to political violence, lawlessness and chaos, without bringing India nearer to the threshold of freedom.

The future course of events was not only to confirm Jinnah’s worst fears, but also to prove him right. Although Jinnah left the Congress soon thereafter, he continued his efforts towards bringing about a Hindu-Muslim entente, which he rightly considered “the most vital condition of Swaraj”. However, because of the deep distrust between the two communities as evidenced by the country-wide communal riots, and because the Hindus failed to meet the genuine demands of the Muslims, his efforts came to naught. One such effort was the formulation of the Delhi Muslim Proposals in March, 1927. In order to bridge Hindu-Muslim differences on the constitutional plan, these proposals even waived the Muslim right to separate electorate, the most basic Muslim demand since 1906, which though recognized by the Congress in the Luckhnow Pact, had again become a source of friction between the two communities. surprisingly though, the Nehru Report (1928), which represented the Congress-sponsored proposals for the future constitution of India, negated the minimum Muslim demands embodied in the Delhi Muslim Proposals.

In vain Jinnah argued at the National Convention of Congress in 1928 that “What we want is that Hindus and Mussalmans should march together until our objective is achieved…These two communities have got to be reconciled and united and made to feel that their interests are common”. The Convention’s blank refusal to accept Muslim demands represented the most devastating setback to Jinnah’s life-long efforts to bring about Hindu-Muslim unity, it meant “the last straw” for the Muslims, and “the parting of the ways” for him, as he confessed to a Parsee friend at that time. Jinnah’s disillusionment at the course of politics in the subcontinent prompted him to migrate and settle down in London in the early thirties. He was, however, to return to India in 1934, at the pleadings of his co-religionists, and assume their leadership. But, the Muslims presented a sad spectacle at that time. They were a mass of disgruntled and demoralized men and women, politically disorganized and destitute of a clear-cut political programme.

Muslim League Reorganized

Thus, the task that awaited Jinnah was anything but easy. The Muslim League was dormant: even its provincial organizations were, for the most part, ineffective and only nominally under the control of the central organization. Nor did the central body have any coherent policy of its own till the Bombay session (1936), which Jinnah organized. To make matters worse, the provincial scene presented a sort of a jigsaw puzzle: in the Punjab, Bengal, Sindh, the North West Frontier, Assam, Bihar and the United Provinces, various Muslim leaders had set up their own provincial parties to serve their personal ends. Extremely frustrating as the situation was, the only consolation Jinnah had at this juncture was in Allama Iqbal (1877-1938), the poet-philosopher, who stood steadfast by him and helped to chart the course of Indian politics from behind the scene.

Undismayed by this bleak situation, Jinnah devoted himself to the sole purpose of organizing the Muslims on one platform. He embarked upon country-wide tours. He pleaded with provincial Muslim leaders to sink their differences and make common cause with the League. He exhorted the Muslim masses to organize themselves and join the League. He gave coherence and direction to Muslim sentiments on the Government of India Act, 1935. He advocated that the Federal Scheme should be scrapped as it was subversive of India’s cherished goal of complete responsible Government, while the provincial scheme, which conceded provincial autonomy for the first time, should be worked for what it was worth, despite its certain objectionable features. He also formulated a viable League manifesto for the election scheduled for early 1937. He was, it seemed, struggling against time to make Muslim India a power to be reckoned with.

Despite all the manifold odds stacked against it, the Muslim League won some 108 (about 23 per cent) seats out of a total of 485 Muslim seats in the various legislatures. Though not very impressive in itself, the League’s partial success assumed added significance in view of the fact that the League won the largest number of Muslim seats and that it was the only all-India party of the Muslims in the country. Thus, the elections represented the first milestone on the long road to putting Muslim India on the map of the subcontinent. Congress in power with the year 1937 opened the most momentous decade in modern Indian history. In that year came into force the provincial part of the Government of India Act, 1935, granting autonomy to Indians for the first time, in the provinces.

The Congress, having become the dominant party in Indian politics, came to power in seven provinces exclusively, spurning the League’s offer of cooperation, turning its back finally on the coalition idea and excluding Muslims as a political entity from the portals of power. In that year, also, the Muslim League, under Jinnah’s dynamic leadership, was reorganized de novo, transformed into a mass organization, and made the spokesman of Indian Muslims as never before. Above all, in that momentous year were initiated certain trends in Indian politics, the crystallization of which in subsequent years made the partition of the subcontinent inevitable. The practical manifestation of the policy of the Congress which took office in July, 1937, in seven out of eleven provinces, convinced Muslims that, in the Congress scheme of things, they could live only on sufferance of Hindus and as “second class” citizens. The Congress provincial governments, it may be remembered, had embarked upon a policy and launched a programme in which Muslims felt that their religion, language and culture were not safe. This blatantly aggressive Congress policy was seized upon by Jinnah to awaken the Muslims to a new consciousness, organize them on all-India platform, and make them a power to be reckoned with. He also gave coherence, direction and articulation to their innermost, yet vague, urges and aspirations. Above all, he filled them with his indomitable will, his own unflinching faith in their destiny.

The New Awakening

As a result of Jinnah’s ceaseless efforts, the Muslims awakened from what Professor Baker calls (their) “unreflective silence” (in which they had so complacently basked for long decades), and to “the spiritual essence of nationality” that had existed among them for a pretty long time. Roused by the impact of successive Congress hammerings, the Muslims, as Ambedkar (principal author of independent India’s Constitution) says, “searched their social consciousness in a desperate attempt to find coherent and meaningful articulation to their cherished yearnings. To their great relief, they discovered that their sentiments of nationality had flamed into nationalism”. In addition, not only had they developed” the will to live as a “nation”, had also endowed them with a territory which they could occupy and make a State as well as a cultural home for the newly discovered nation. These two pre-requisites provided the Muslims with the intellectual justification for claiming a distinct nationalism (apart from Indian or Hindu nationalism) for themselves. So that when, after their long pause, the Muslims gave expression to their innermost yearnings, these turned out to be in favour of a separate Muslim nationhood and of a separate Muslim state.

Demand for Pakistan

“We are a nation”, they claimed in the ever eloquent words of the Quaid-i-Azam- “We are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and nomenclature, sense of values and proportion, legal laws and moral code, customs and calendar, history and tradition, aptitudes and ambitions; in short, we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life. By all canons of international law, we are a nation”. The formulation of the Muslim demand for Pakistan in 1940 had a tremendous impact on the nature and course of Indian politics. On the one hand, it shattered for ever the Hindu dreams of a pseudo-Indian, in fact, Hindu empire on British exit from India: on the other, it heralded an era of Islamic renaissance and creativity in which the Indian Muslims were to be active participants. The Hindu reaction was quick, bitter, and malicious.

Equally hostile were the British to the Muslim demand, their hostility having stemmed from their belief that the unity of India was their main achievement and their foremost contribution. The irony was that both the Hindus and the British had not anticipated the astonishingly tremendous response that the Pakistan demand had elicited from the Muslim masses. Above all, they failed to realize how a hundred million people had suddenly become supremely conscious of their distinct nationhood and their high destiny. In channeling the course of Muslim politics towards Pakistan, no less than in directing it towards its consummation in the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, none played a more decisive role than did Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It was his powerful advocacy of the case of Pakistan and his remarkable strategy in the delicate negotiations that followed the formulation of the Pakistan demand, particularly in the post-war period, that made Pakistan inevitable.

Cripps Scheme

While the British reaction to the Pakistan demand came in the form of the Cripps offer of April, 1942, which conceded the principle of self-determination to provinces on a territorial basis, the Rajaji Formula (called after the eminent Congress leader C.Rajagopalacharia, which became the basis of prolonged Jinnah-Gandhi talks in September, 1944), represented the Congress alternative to Pakistan. The Cripps offer was rejected because it did not concede the Muslim demand the whole way, while the Rajaji Formula was found unacceptable since it offered a “moth-eaten, mutilated” Pakistan and the too appended with a plethora of pre-conditions which made its emergence in any shape remote, if not altogether impossible. Cabinet Mission, the most delicate as well as the most tortuous negotiations, however, took place during 1946-47, after the elections which showed that the country was sharply and somewhat evenly divided between two parties- the Congress and the League- and that the central issue in Indian politics was Pakistan.

These negotiations began with the arrival, in March 1946, of a three-member British Cabinet Mission. The crucial task with which the Cabinet Mission was entrusted was that of devising in consultation with the various political parties, constitution-making machinery, and of setting up a popular interim government. But, because the Congress-League gulf could not be bridged, despite the Mission’s (and the Viceroy’s) prolonged efforts, the Mission had to make its own proposals in May, 1946. Known as the Cabinet Mission Plan, these proposals stipulated a limited centre, supreme only in foreign affairs, defense and communications and three autonomous groups of provinces. Two of these groups were to have Muslim majorities in the north-west and the north-east of the subcontinent, while the third one, comprising the Indian mainland, was to have a Hindu majority. A consummate statesman that he was, Jinnah saw his chance. He interpreted the clauses relating to a limited centre and the grouping as “the foundation of Pakistan”, and induced the Muslim League Council to accept the Plan in June 1946; and this he did much against the calculations of the Congress and to its utter dismay.

Tragically though, the League’s acceptance was put down to its supposed weakness and the Congress put up a posture of defiance, designed to swamp the League into submitting to its dictates and its interpretations of the plan. Faced thus, what alternative had Jinnah and the League but to rescind their earlier acceptance, reiterate and reaffirm their original stance, and decide to launch direct action (if need be) to wrest Pakistan. The way Jinnah maneuvered to turn the tide of events at a time when all seemed lost indicated, above all, his masterly grasp of the situation and his adeptness at making strategic and tactical moves.

Partition Plan

Partition Plan By the close of 1946, the communal riots had flared up to murderous heights, engulfing almost the entire subcontinent. The two peoples, it seemed, were engaged in a fight to the finish. The time for a peaceful transfer of power was fast running out. Realizing the gravity of the situation. His Majesty’s Government sent down to India a new Viceroy- Lord Mountbatten. His protracted negotiations with the various political leaders resulted in 3 June (1947) Plan by which the British decided to partition the subcontinent, and hand over power to two successor States on 15 August, 1947. The plan was duly accepted by the three Indian parties to the dispute- the Congress the League and the Akali Dal (representing the Sikhs).

Leader of a Free Nation

In recognition of his singular contribution, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was nominated by the Muslim League as the Governor-General of Pakistan, while the Congress appointed Mountbatten as India’s first Governor-General. Pakistan, it has been truly said, was born in virtual chaos. Indeed, few nations in the world have started on their career with less resources and in more treacherous circumstances. The new nation did not inherit a central government, a capital, an administrative core, or an organized defence force. The Punjab holocaust had left vast areas in a shambles with communications disrupted. This, alongwith the en masse migration of the Hindu and Sikh business and managerial classes, left the economy almost shattered.

The treasury was empty, India having denied Pakistan the major share of its cash balances. On top of all this, the still unorganized nation was called upon to feed some eight million refugees who had fled the insecurities and barbarities of the north Indian plains that long, hot summer. If all this was symptomatic of Pakistan’s administrative and economic weakness, the Indian annexation, through military action in November 1947, of Junagadh (which had originally acceded to Pakistan) and the Kashmir war over the State’s accession (October 1947-December 1948) exposed her military weakness. In the circumstances, therefore, it was nothing short of a miracle that Pakistan survived at all. That it survived and forged ahead was mainly due to one man-Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The nation desperately needed a charismatic leader at that critical juncture in the nation’s history, and he fulfilled that need profoundly. After all, he was more than a mere Governor-General: he was the Quaid-i-Azam who had brought the State into being.

In the ultimate analysis, his very presence at the helm of affairs was responsible for enabling the newly born nation to overcome the terrible crisis on the morrow of its cataclysmic birth. He mustered up the immense prestige and the unquestioning loyalty he commanded among the people to energize them, to raise their morale, to raise the profound feelings of patriotism that the freedom had generated, along constructive channels. Though tired and in poor health, Jinnah yet carried the heaviest part of the burden in that first crucial year. He laid down the policies of the new state, called attention to the immediate problems confronting the nation and told the members of the Constituent Assembly, the civil servants and the Armed Forces what to do and what the nation expected of them. He saw to it that law and order was maintained at all costs, despite the provocation that the large-scale riots in north India had provided. He moved from Karachi to Lahore for a while and supervised the immediate refugee problem in the Punjab. In a time of fierce excitement, he remained sober, cool and steady. He advised his excited audience in Lahore to concentrate on helping the refugees, to avoid retaliation, exercise restraint and protect the minorities. He assured the minorities of a fair deal, assuaged their inured sentiments, and gave them hope and comfort. He toured the various provinces, attended to their particular problems and instilled in the people a sense of belonging. He reversed the British policy in the North-West Frontier and ordered the withdrawal of the troops from the tribal territory of Waziristan, thereby making the Pathans feel themselves an integral part of Pakistan’s body-politics. He created a new Ministry of States and Frontier Regions, and assumed responsibility for ushering in a new era in Balochistan. He settled the controversial question of the states of Karachi, secured the accession of States, especially of Kalat which seemed problematical and carried on negotiations with Lord Mountbatten for the settlement of the Kashmir Issue.

The Quaid's last Message

It was, therefore, with a sense of supreme satisfaction at the fulfillment of his mission that Jinnah told the nation in his last message on 14 August, 1948: “The foundations of your State have been laid and it is now for you to build and build as quickly and as well as you can”. In accomplishing the task he had taken upon himself on the morrow of Pakistan’s birth, Jinnah had worked himself to death, but he had, to quote Richard Symons, “contributed more than any other man to Pakistan’s survival”. He died on 11 September, 1948.

A man such as Jinnah, who had fought for the inherent rights of his people all through his life and who had taken up the somewhat unconventional and the largely misinterpreted cause of Pakistan, was bound to generate violent opposition and excite implacable hostility and was likely to be largely misunderstood. But what is most remarkable about Jinnah is that he was the recipient of some of the greatest tributes paid to any one in modern times, some of them even from those who held a diametrically opposed viewpoint.

The Aga Khan considered him “the greatest man he ever met”, Beverley Nichols, the author of `Verdict on India’, called him “the most important man in Asia”, and Dr. Kailashnath Katju, the West Bengal Governor in 1948, thought of him as “an outstanding figure of this century not only in India, but in the whole world”. While Abdul Rahman Azzam Pasha, Secretary General of the Arab League, called him “one of the greatest leaders in the Muslim world”, the Grand Mufti of Palestine considered his death as a “great loss” to the entire world of Islam. It was, however, given to Surat Chandra Bose, leader of the Forward Bloc wing of the Indian National Congress, to sum up succinctly his personal and political achievements. “Mr Jinnah” he said on his death in 1948, “was great as a lawyer, once great as a Congressman, great as a leader of Muslims, great as a world politician and diplomat, and greatest of all as a man of action. By Mr. Jinnah’s passing away, the world has lost one of the greatest statesmen and Pakistan its life-giver, philosopher and guide”. Such was Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the man and his mission, such the range of his accomplishments and achievements.

brief biography of quaid e azam

  • Government of Pakistan
  • Government of AJK
  • Government of Balochistan
  • Government of Gilgit Baltistan
  • Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • Government of Punjab
  • Government of Sindh
  • Ministry of Finance
  • Ministry of Commerce
  • Ministry of Planning, Development & Special Initiatives
  • Ministry of Information Technology & Telecommunication
  • Ministry of Communications
  • Ministry of Railways
  • Ministry of Water & Power
  • Federal Board of Revenue
  • State Bank of Pakistan
  • Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan
  • Trade Development Authority of Pakistan
  • Gwadar Development Authority

Consulate General of Pakistan Unit#201-1281 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC, V6E 3J7.

Phone: +1-604-569-1415

Whatsapp: +1 236 838 4754

Fax: +1-604-569-2180

IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY CALL /TEXT/WHATSAPP:

Consul General of Pakistan in Vancouver for Western Canada, Mr.Janbaz Khan, 

Cell No. +1 604-376-2245 (emergency only)

Email: [email protected]

brief biography of quaid e azam

Best Essay on Quaid e Azam

Essay on Quaid e Azam

The great leader and founder of Pakistan. His real name is Mohammad Ali Jinnah but widely known as Quaid-e-Azam or Baba-e-Qoum which means the father of the nation. Quaid-e-Azam was born on the 25th of December in Karachi, in 1876. Quaid-e-Azam was a successful lawyer as well as a politician. Quaid-e-Azam’s father’s name was Jinnah Poonja and his mother’s name was Mithibai. Quaid-e-Azam belonged to a rich merchant family.

Quaid-e-Azam received his early education from Sindh Madrasa-ul-Islam and a Christian missionary school. He was sent to England at the mere age of 16 for higher education and later got admission to Lincoln’s Inn Law school to study Law. He returned home after studying abroad, then took over managing his family business.

A few years later, Quaid-e-Azam opened his law firm and became a successful lawyer and by 1900, he was appointed as a magistrate for the region’s presidency. During this time, Jinnah noticed that Hindus and Muslims were united against England, but the Hindu leaders had set their interests somewhere else. Soon after this Quaid-e-Azam left behind practicing law and went on to join political parties so he could take up leadership positions among organizations that planned to form Pakistan’s identity. He started his political career with Indian National Congress in 1906, then after a time span of 7 years, Jinnah joined the Muslim League.

Quaid-e-Azam was a man with great qualities and leadership. He was a human rights activist who constantly fought for the rights of Muslims and dedicated his whole life to the liberation of Pakistan. He tirelessly worked for the Muslims struggling in India and presented their concerns in the 14 points which were rejected by Congress. He endured many hardships for the formation of Pakistan and the rights of Muslims, but he did not give up. However, his efforts did not go unrewarded.

Quaid-e-Azam was a man of his word and one of the greatest spokesmen. Mahatma Gandhi called Quaid-e-Azam “an impossible man” due to his determinacy over his principles. Jinnah always stood like a rock in front of his enemies and never backed down. In 1933, Jinnah became the leader of the Muslim League. In 1940, the Pakistan resolution was drafted by The Muslim League at Minar-e-Pakistan.

After the Pakistan Resolution was passed, Quaid-e-Azam worked tirelessly day and night and did not care about his health at all, slowly his health started deteriorating but he never stopped working. It was due to Quaid-e-Azam’s tireless efforts that Pakistan came into being on the 1947, 14th of August. Quaid-e-Azam passed away on the 11th of September in 1948.

Some of the most famous quotes by Quaid e Azam are:

1. “Think a hundred times before you take a decision, but once that decision is taken, stand by it as one man.”

2. “Expect the best, prepare for the worst.”

3. “With faith, discipline, and selfless devotion to duty, there is nothing worthwhile that you cannot achieve.”

4. “I do not believe in taking the right decision, I take a decision and make it right.”

5. “Failure is a word unknown to me.”

Other than essay on Quaid e Azam, you can also read How to Start CSS Preparation at Home

These might interest you.

Avatar

Related Posts

Allama Iqbal Quotes

Essay on Allama Iqbal

CA Pakistan general information

CA Pakistan General Information

CSS exam general information

CSS Exam in Pakistan General Information

There are no reviews yet.

Be the first to review “Best Essay on Quaid e Azam” Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published.

Recommendation:

Notify me of follow-up comments by email.

Notify me of new posts by email.

  • CAREER GUIDES
  • University Reviews
  • Scholarships
  • Educational Profiles
  • Guest Writing

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Biography

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Biography as he is one of the renowned personality and who was the one who played the leading role in the formation of Pakistan and in the road to independence. Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born on 25th December 1876 at Vazeer Mansion Karachi; he was the first of seven children of Jinnahbhai, a prosperous merchant. After being taught at home, Jinnah was sent to the Sindh Madrassa High School in 1887. Later he attended the Mission High School, where, at the age of 16, he passed the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay. On the advice of an English friend, his father decided to send him to England to acquire business experience. Jinnah, however, had made up his mind to become a barrister. In keeping with the custom of the time, his parents arranged for an early marriage for him before he left for England.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Biography

  • Biotechnology Scope In Pakistan April 6, 2023

When Mr. Jinnah was in London he started practicing law and for that purpose he joined Lincoln’s Inn which at that time one of the best legal societies and which were working for preparing students for the bar. It was at a very early age when Jinnah was only 19 he was for the very first time called to the bar in 1895, it was his stay in London when he got two heart breaking news which included the death of his mother and his wife which were very hard to tolerate, but still he made up to his studies and completed them and also made a study of the British political system, frequently visiting the House of Commons. He was greatly influenced by the liberalism of William E. Gladstone, who at that time was being selected as the fourth time prime minister.

Jinnah returned to Karachi in late 1896, where he founded and realized that the business of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah father was suffering through a lot of breathtaking loss so he was on his own now and was dependent on his own capability. And this was this time when he for the very first time started practicing his law in Bombay and soon in 2 years’ time he made himself established in to a full trained and qualified lawyer.

This was the time when Jinnah started peaking in to the politics and was very much keen to improve the destructive conditions of the Muslims living in the sub-continent. And then he started working tirelessly for the cause of Muslims revival and when he noticed and realized that it was too late and for no use because Muslims will always be crushed under the cruel rule of both the British and Hindu empire so from the platform of All India Muslim League, Jinnah started his campaign for a separate homeland for the Muslims and after several years of tireless work and sacrifices Jinnah was successful in snatching a separate homeland on the 14 th August, 1947 for the Muslims of Sub-continent which is known as Pakistan.

Related Articles

Best CV Format in Pakistan

Best CV Format in Pakistan

A Hostel Life of Student Essay

A Hostel Life of Student Essay

University Life Essay

University Life Essay

Preparation for Aptitude Test Guide in Pakistan

Preparation For Aptitude Test Guide in Pakistan

Leave a reply cancel reply.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Adblock Detected

IMAGES

  1. brief biography of quaid e azam

    brief biography of quaid e azam

  2. brief biography of quaid e azam

    brief biography of quaid e azam

  3. brief biography of quaid e azam

    brief biography of quaid e azam

  4. Complete biography of Quaid-e-Azam || Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

    brief biography of quaid e azam

  5. Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

    brief biography of quaid e azam

  6. brief biography of quaid e azam

    brief biography of quaid e azam

VIDEO

  1. Quaid-e-Azam threw the votes

  2. Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah Untold Story #shortsfeed #viral

  3. 5 Secret incidents of Quaid e Azam Life|Quaid e Azam house|Jinnah land|Fatima jinnah|History O Clock

  4. Biography Of Quaid E AZAM M ALI JINNAH

  5. Biography of Quaid-e- Azam

  6. quaid azam history urdu

COMMENTS

  1. Mohammed Ali Jinnah

    Born: December 25, 1876?, Karachi, India [now in Pakistan] Died: September 11, 1948, Karachi (aged 71) Title / Office: governor-general (1947-1948), Pakistan Political Affiliation: Indian National Congress Muslim League Role In: Lucknow Pact Round Table Conference See all related content → Top Questions What is Mohammed Ali Jinnah known for?

  2. Biography of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

    Quaid-e-Azam was a person who had such personality traits which forced his respondents to surrender themselves under his guidance, his multi dimensional characteristics made him one great ambassador for the Hindu-Muslim unity which ultimately gave birth to the very important Two Nation Theory.

  3. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

    Muhammad Ali Jinnah (26 December 1876 - 11 September 1948) was the founder of the country of Pakistan. After the partition of India, he became the Governor-General of Pakistan. As a mark of respect, Pakistanis call him Quaid-e-Azam. [2] bra Quaid-e-Azam is a phrase which, in the Urdu language, means "the great leader".

  4. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

    Muhammad Ali Jinnah - The Founder of Pakistan. by World History Edu · October 5, 2022. Popularly known as 'Quaid-e-Azam' in Pakistan, Muhammad Jinnah was the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 till Pakistan gained independence in August 1947. He served as the country's first Governor-General until his death in 1948.

  5. QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

    Born on December 25, 1876, in a prominent mercantile family in Karachi and educated at the Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and the Christian Mission School at is birth place, Jinnah joined the Lincoln's Inn in 1893 to become the youngest Indian to be called to the Bar, three years later.

  6. Quaid-e-Azam's commencement

    The great leader was born on December 25, 1876 in the city of Sindh, Karachi, at Vazeer Mansion which has now been rebuilt and converted into monument. He was the eldest son of Poonja Jinnah. He was first enrolled in Sindh, Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi and acquired his early education from there.

  7. The day of the death of Quaid-e-Azam

    A brief sketch of Quaid's life from August 14, 1947 to September 11, 1948. Every low and high is aware of the fact that for the past sixty five years of Pakistan's independent life, its present state is not reflective of the Pakistan that Quaid-e-Azam had desired.

  8. Jinnah's Birthday

    Jinnah's Birthday, officially Quaid-e-Azam Day and sometimes known as Quaid Day, is a public holiday in Pakistan observed annually on 25 December to celebrate the birthday of the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-i-Azam ("Great Leader"). A major holiday, commemorations for Jinnah began during his lifetime in 1942, and have continued ever since.

  9. Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah: The Leader with Style and Panache

    Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah as a Young Barrister. Mr. Jinnah soon became the highest earning lawyer in India, and his lifestyle resembled that of a well endowed aristocrat. According to Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India from 1943-1947, "Mr. Jinnah was one of the handsomest men I have ever seen; he combined the clear cut, almost Grecian ...

  10. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

    Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was Born in 25 December 1876 on The founder of Pakistan Quaid-e-Azam. His father name was Jinnah Poonja. His early education from Sindh Madaressat-ul-Islam. He was the famous lawyer of his time. He founded a new country knows as Pakistan on ideology of teaching of Islam.

  11. Quaid-e-Azam, The Great Leader

    Quaid-e-Azam was the one who, through his efforts, convened the meeting of the Muslim League and Congress on the same ground in Mumbai in December 1915. However, when Hindus started to consider ...

  12. Quaid-e-Azam Residency

    Quaid-e-Azam Residency (Urdu: قائدِ اعظم ریزیڈنسی), also known as Ziarat Residency, is located in Ziarat, Balochistan, Pakistan.It is where Muhammad Ali Jinnah spent the penultimate month of his life, nursed by A. S. Nathaniel.It is the most famous landmark of the city, constructed in 1892 during the British Raj.The building is a wooden structure, originally designed as a ...

  13. Quaid-e-Azam

    Muhammad Ali Jinnah aka Quaid-e-Azam was born on 25 December 1876 and died on 11 September 1948. He was the founder of Pakistan. He worked as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913. Up to, the establishment of Pakistan, which happened on 14 August 1947. Later, as the Dominion of Pakistan's first governor-general until his death.

  14. Quaid e Azams early life and political carear

    Jinnah served as leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan's first Governor-General from independence until his death. He is revered in Pakistan as Quaid- i-Azam (Great Leader) and Baba-i-Qaum (Father of the Nation).

  15. Biography of Quaid e Azam

    Born on December 25, 1876, in Karachi, Quaid-e-Azam, whose delivery call turned into Muhammad Ali Jinnah, belonged to a outstanding merchant family. His early years were marked by means of a disciplined and intellectually stimulating environment. Education: His education in Karachi and later in England honed his legal acumen.

  16. Brief History of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah (Founder of Pakistan)

    Mohammad Ali Jinnah Quaid-e-Azam, Founding Father of Pakistan (December 25, 1876 - September 11, 1948) Family Father: Jinnah Poonja. One of eight children. Married Emibai in 1892 (she died 1893). Married Ratanbai 'Ruttie' Petit, daughter of Sir Dinshaw Petit, a wealthy Bombay Parsee, in 1918. Ruttie died in 1929.

  17. Quaid-E-Azam

    Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born on Dec. 25th, 1876, to a prominent mercantile family in Karachi. He was educated at the Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and the Christian Mission School. Jinnah joined the Lincoln's Inn in 1893 to become the youngest Indian to be called to the Bar. Three years later, he became Bombay's most famous lawyer.

  18. Must-read books on Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

    5. Jinnah of Pakistan: Stanley Wolpert. This book by Stanley Wolpert looks at the persona of Mohammad Ali Jinnah for Pakistanis and compares it with that Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru combined for Indians. It looks at his journey from his early life to becoming the head and father of newborn state.

  19. Quaid-e-Azam

    Father of the Nation Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's achievement as the founder of Pakistan, dominates everything else he did in his long and crowded public life spanning some 42 years. Yet, by any standard, his was an eventful life, his personality multidimensional and his achievements in other fields were many, if not equally great.

  20. Essay on Quaid e Azam

    The great leader and founder of Pakistan. His real name is Mohammad Ali Jinnah but widely known as Quaid-e-Azam or Baba-e-Qoum which means the father of the nation. Quaid-e-Azam was born on the 25th of December in Karachi, in 1876. Quaid-e-Azam was a successful lawyer as well as a politician. Quaid-e-Azam's father's name was Jinnah Poonja ...

  21. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Biography

    Shan Last Updated: December 4, 2014. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Biography as he is one of the renowned personality and who was the one who played the leading role in the formation of Pakistan and in the road to independence. Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born on 25th December 1876 at Vazeer Mansion Karachi; he was the first of seven children of ...

  22. Complete biography of Quaid-e-Azam

    #Quaid-e-Azam Biography#Muhammadalijinnahbiography#JinnahbiographyHi vievers in this video we share complete biography of the founder of Quaid-e-Azam Muhamma...

  23. A Short Documentary on Quaid-e-Azam

    Quaid e azam history in urdu. Quaid e azam muhammad ali jinnah was a great leader of pakistan. an exclusive documentary about quaid e azam muhammad ali jinn...